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Effectiveness of a guided self-help manual in strengthening resilience in people diagnosed with moderate depression and their family caregivers in Thailand: a randomised controlled trial
Get PDFThe growing incidence of depression in developing countries, such as Thailand, is placing increasing pressure on public mental health services, and those living in rural areas have limited access to mental health services and specialised support. Resilience is integral to the recovery of people with depression and to caregivers. This parallel group randomised controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of a guided self-help manual in improving resilience in adults diagnosed with moderate depression and their primary caregivers in Thailand. Our findings indicate that the approach is an accessible and low-cost approach to increasing resilience in adults with depression and their caregivers
Visual Management in Highways Construction and Maintenance in England
No full textPurpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current Visual Management practices in highways construction projects in England.
Design/methodology/approach
Following a comprehensive literature review, the research topic was investigated by using five case studies and focus groups.
Findings
The main findings are (i) the current implementation of VM is limited, particularly on the construction field, (ii) there are some identified points (suggestions) that require attention to disseminate and advance the current practices further (iii) many conventional and BIM based opportunities to extend the current Visual Management implementations exist for the sector.
Originality/value
The highways construction and maintenance sector in England has been systematically deploying lean construction techniques in its operations for a while. One of those lean techniques is a close-range visual communication strategy called Visual Management. The literature on the Visual Management implementation in construction is scarce and generally limited to the building construction context. This paper documents the current industry practice in conventional and Building Information Modelling (BIM) based Visual Management and identifies a set of recommendations and some Visual Management ideas for future implementation efforts in the highways construction and maintenance sector
Network-based approaches for evaluating ambient assisted living (AAL) technologies
No full textAmbient assisted living technologies could support people experiencing physical or cognitive challenges, to maintain social identities and complex activities of daily living. Although there has been substantial investment in developing ambient assisted living innovation, less effort has been devoted to understanding how to evaluate the impact of ambient assisted living on physical and mental health. Taking a theory-based evaluation approach, we suggest firstly that ambient assisted living technologies rely on networks of people and organizations to function, and secondly, analysing the changing structure of networks can bridge the gap between socio-technological change and individual-level capabilities. We present conceptual arguments for taking a network perspective in ambient assisted living evaluations, illustrated with examples from our own group’s work on technology use among older people with cognitive impairments. We then discuss the different types of network-based evaluation approaches available, their theoretical assumptions, and the sort of research questions they could address
Integrated electrical machine-turbo machinery
No full textGlobal warming and climate change due to rising levels of greenhouse gases have placed significant pressure on the automobile industry to adopt more clean fuel, transportation electrification, and waste energy recovery technologies. As a result, several electrically assisted or driven turbo-machines have been proposed such as turbochargers, turbo-compressors, and electrical boosters. Therefore, the electrification of turbo-machinery has been trending for the past decade.
All the systems mentioned above consist of a conventional electrical machine connected to the turbo-machinery by a shaft, making the system relatively large, heavy, costly and mechanically complex.
In this paper, an integrated electrical machine-turbo machinery concept is proposed. It consists of an electrical machine mounted around a salient rotor that is shaped like an axial flow turbo-machinery wheel. The electrical machine can be used as a motor to drive or assist the operation of the turbo-machine or it can operate as a generator powered by the gas or fluid flow. Compared to the conventional electrically derived or assisted turbo-machine systems, the proposed system is expected to decrease the overall size, weight and complexity.
In order to illustrate this concept, an initial multi-physics feasibility study is presented. Electromagnetic and mechanical, performance are calculated and investigated using FEA. Additionally, aerodynamic consideration has been illustrated
The Role of Practice Research Networks (PRN) in the Development and Implementation of Evidence: The Northern Improving Access to Psychological Therapies PRN Case Study
No full textPractice research networks (PRNs) can support the implementation of evidence based practice in routine services and generate practice based evidence. This paper describes the structure, processes and learning from a new PRN in the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme in England, in relation to an implementation framework and using one study as a case example. Challenges related to: ethics and governance processes; communications with multiple stakeholders; competing time pressures and linking outcome data. Enablers included: early tangible outputs and impact; a collaborative approach; engaging with local research leads; clarity of processes; effective dissemination; and committed leadership
Origin and spread of human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U7
No full textHuman mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U is among the initial maternal founders in Southwest Asia and Europe and one that best indicates matrilineal genetic continuity between late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer groups and present-day populations of Europe. While most haplogroup U subclades are older than 30 thousand years, the comparatively recent coalescence time of the extant variation of haplogroup U7 (~16–19 thousand years ago) suggests that its current distribution is the consequence of more recent dispersal events, despite its wide geographical range across Europe, the Near East and South Asia. Here we report 267 new U7 mitogenomes that – analysed alongside 100 published ones – enable us to discern at least two distinct temporal phases of dispersal, both of which most likely emanated from the Near East. The earlier one began prior to the Holocene (~11.5 thousand years ago) towards South Asia, while the later dispersal took place more recently towards Mediterranean Europe during the Neolithic (~8 thousand years ago). These findings imply that the carriers of haplogroup U7 spread to South Asia and Europe before the suggested Bronze Age expansion of Indo-European languages from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe region
Non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt: prevalence and predictors in a sample of youth offenders in the UK
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of suicide attempts (SA), suicidal ideation (SI), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) within a sample of community-based youth offenders (M age = 15.33 years) engaging with a Youth Offending Team (YOT). Findings revealed the highest prevalence rates for NSSI (20.6%), followed by SI (12.7%), and SA (5.9%). SA and SI were significantly correlated with trauma exposure, self-esteem, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). NSSI formed significant associations with trauma, self-esteem, and gender. The results offer further insight into the risk factors of SA, SI, and NSSI in an under-researched population
Diagnostic method for photovoltaic systems based on six layer detection algorithm
No full textThis work proposes a fault detection algorithm based on the analysis of the theoretical curves which describe the behaviour of an existing grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) plant. For a given set of work-ing conditions, solar irradiance and PV modules’ temperature, a number of attributes such as voltage ratio (VR) and power ratio (PR) are simulated using virtual instrumentation (VI) LabVIEW software. Furthermore, a third order polynomial function is used to generate two detection limits (high and low limit)for the VR and PR ratios obtained using LabVIEW simulation tool.
The high and low detection limits are compared with real-time long-term data measurements from a 1.1 kWp and 0.52 kWp GCPV systems installed at the University of Huddersfield, United Kingdom. Furthermore, samples that lies out of the detecting limits are processed by a fuzzy logic classification system which consists of two inputs (VR and PR) and one output membership function.
The obtained results show that the fault detection algorithm can accurately detect different faults occurring in the PV system. The maximum detection accuracy of the algorithm before considering the fuzzy logic system is equal to 95.27%, however, the fault detection accuracy is increased up to a minimum value of 98.8% after considering the fuzzy logic system
Development of an optical system for the non-invasive tracking of stem cell growth on microcarriers
No full textThe emergence of medicinal indications for stem cell therapies has seen a need to develop the manufacturing capacity for adherent cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). One such development is in the use of microcarriers, which facilitate enhanced cell densities for adherent stem cell cultures when compared with 2D culture platforms. Given the variety of stem cell expansion systems commercially available, novel methods of non-invasive and automated monitoring of cell number, confluence, and aggregation, within disparate environments, will become imperative to process control, ensuring reliable and consistent performance. The in situ epi-illumination of mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human mesenchymal stem cells attached to Cytodex 1 and 3 microcarriers was achieved using a bespoke microscope. Robust image processing techniques were developed to provide quantitative measurements of confluence, aggregate recognition, and cell number, without the need for fluorescent labeling or cell detachment. Large datasets of cells counted on individual microcarriers were statistically analyzed and compared with NucleoCounter measurements, with an average difference of less than 7 observed from days 0 to 6 of a 12-day culture noted, prior to the onset of aggregation. The developed image acquisition system and post-processing methodologies were successfully applied to dynamically moving colonized microcarriers. The proposed system offers a novel method of cell identification at the individual level, to consistently and accurately assess viable cell number, confluence, and cell distribution, while also minimizing the variability inherent in the current invasive means by which cells adhered to microcarriers are analyzed. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;9999: 1–11. © 2017 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc
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