432 research outputs found
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Blockchain Oracles: A Framework for Blockchain-Based Applications (SLR Protocol and Results)
No full textBlockchain oracles support the access, validation, and transmission of data from external sources. They are important components of blockchain-based architectures, however, there exist no guidance on how oracles could be used when designing decentralised applications. In this paper, based on the results of a systematic literature review, we propose a framework to explain blockchain oracles and their relationships to blockchain-based applications. More specifically, the blockchain oracle framework addresses the oracle types, the data transaction and validation procedures, and the integration of oracles to blockchain applications. Potentially, this framework can guide developers when incorporating oracles to blockchain applications
Application of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) to surface bone changes in paleopathology
No full textEach zip file in the repository includes the following items: one or more standard photographs of the specimen for comparison, the original complete .rti file, and a folder containing the snapshots of the RTI images obtained with RTIViewer. By default, snapshots of eight standard light rakings, together with the specular enhancement and the normals visualization rendering modes were acquired. When needed, additional magnified snapshots were provided, and are named with View (no.) in the folders. When using this material, please cite this dataset as follows: Morrone, A., Pagi, H.,Tõrv, M.; Oras, E., 2020. Application of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) to surface bone changes in paleopathology. UT DataDOI online repository. Available at: DOI link.The paper associated to this repository evaluates the applicability of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) to the study of pathological surface changes in human remains. A sample of 45 human bones and teeth from medieval and early modern Estonian cemeteries was photographed and subjected to RTI imaging to document the pathological conditions that more frequently result in subtle surface modifications. Subperiosteal bone production (SBP), abnormal porosity, cribra orbitalia, endocranial lesions and lytic lesions in bone, and enamel hypoplasia and dental calculus in teeth were successfully represented with this technique. The results indicate that RTI allows visualizing shallow and discrete bone changes otherwise unnoticed. Although it cannot entirely replace microscopic and radiological techniques, RTI can be successfully performed in a reasonable time by non-specialist operators with limited funding and resources, and enables to identify the specimens that should be subject to more expensive or time-consuming analyses.
Each zip file in the repository includes the following items: one or more standard photographs of the specimen for comparison, the original complete .rti file, and a folder containing the snapshots of the RTI images obtained with RTIViewer. By default, snapshots of eight standard light rakings, together with the specular enhancement and the normals visualization rendering modes were acquired. When needed, additional magnified snapshots were provided, and are named with View (no.) in the folders
Riigikaitse ja avalik arvamus 2020
No full textAndmetele ligipääsu taotlemiseks palun võtta ühendust TÜ ühiskonnateaduste instituudi empiirilise sotsioloogia professor Kairi Kasearuga aadressil [email protected] ja analüütik Elen Linaga aadressil [email protected] Kaitseministeeriumi tellitud regulaaruuringu "Riigikaitse ja avalik arvamus" andmestik 2020
Bird bones from archaeological excavations in Viljandi, Estonia, from 1987 to 2014
No full textThe dataset contains bird bone identifications by Freydis Ehrlich, Eve Rannamäe and Teresa Tomek from 2009-2018.
The bird bones come from 35 archaeological excavations conducted in the town of Viljandi in 1987-2014. The material is dated from the 10th to 18th centuries; more information about the time periods can be found in the paper published based on this dataset.
A paper has been published based on this dataset: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.07.018.
When using this dataset, please cite as follows: Ehrlich, F., Rannamäe, E., Tomek, T. 2020. Bird bones from archaeological excavations in Viljandi, Estonia, from 1987 to 2014. UT DataDOI online repository. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.23673/re-31
Understanding the Behavior of Fully Non-Toxic Polypyrrole-Gelatin and Polypyrrole-PVdF Soft Actuators with Choline Ionic Liquids
No full textSmart and soft electroactive polymer actuators as building blocks for soft robotics have
many beneficial properties that could make them useful in future biomimetic and biomedical
applications. Gelatin—a material exploited for medical applications—can be used to make a fully
biologically benign soft electroactive polymer actuator that provides high performance and has
been shown to be harmless. In our study, these polypyrrole-gelatin trilayer actuators with choline
acetate and choline isobutyrate showed the highest strain difference and highest efficiency in strain
difference to charge density ratios compared to a reference system containing imidazolium-based
ionic liquid and a traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) membrane material. As neither the
relative ion sizes nor the measured parameters of the ionic liquids could explain their behavior in the
actuators, molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations were conducted.
Strong cation-cation clustering was found and the radial distribution functions provided further
insight into the topic, showing that the cation-cation correlation peak height is a good predictor of
strain difference of the actuators
Electromechanically active polymer actuators based on biofriendly choline ionic liquids
No full textSmart and soft electroactive polymer actuators have many beneficial properties, making them
attractive for biomimetic and biomedical applications. However, the selection of components to
fabricate biofriendly composites has been limited. Although biofriendly options for electrodes
and membranes are available, the conventional ionic liquids (ILs) often used as the electrolytes
in the actuators have been considered toxic in varying degrees. Here we present a smart
electroactive composite with carefully designed and selected components that have shown low
toxicity and a biofriendly nature. In the present study, polypyrrole-PVdF trilayer actuators using
six different choline ILs were prepared and characterized. Choline ILs have shown promise in
applications where low environmental and biological impact is critical. Despite this, the anions
in ILs have a strong impact on toxicity. To evaluate how the anions effect the bioactivity of the
ILs used to prepare the actuators, the ILs were tested on different microbial cultures (Escherichia
coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1) and HeLa cells. All of the selected
choline ILs showed minimal toxic effects even at high concentrations. Electro-chemomechanical characterization of the actuators indicated that polypyrrole-PVdF actuators with
choline ILs are viable candidates for soft robotic applications. From the tested ILs, choline
acetate showed the highest strain difference and outperformed the reference system containing an
imidazolium-based IL
Influence of Carboxylate Anions on Phase Behavior of Choline Ionic Liquid Mixtures
No full textMixing ionic liquids is a suitable strategy to tailor properties, e.g., to reduce melting points. The present study aims to widen the application range of low-toxic choline-based ionic liquids by studying eight binary phase diagrams of six different choline carboxylates. Five of them show eutectic points with melting points dropping by 13 to 45 °C. The eutectic mixtures of choline acetate and choline 2-methylbutarate were found to melt at 45 °C, which represents a remarkable melting point depression compared to the pure compounds with melting points of 81 (choline acetate) and 90 °C (choline 2-methylbutarate), respectively. Besides melting points, the thermal stabilities of the choline salt mixtures were investigated to define the thermal operation range for potential practical applications of these mixtures. Typical decomposition temperatures were found between 165 and 207 °C, with choline lactate exhibiting the highest thermal stability
Teostatavusuuring
No full textTeostatavusuuringu eesmärkideks oli projekti RITA1 KAUGSEIRE arendussuundade (maastikutulekahjude, veetaseme, põllumajandusmaade kasutuse ja ehitustegevuse järelvalve seire) raames välja töötatud prototüüpide kohta: 1) välja selgitada analoogsete rakenduste pakkujad Euroopas ja kirjeldada edulugusid 2) välja selgitada loodud prototüüpide kommertsialiseerimist toetavad ja piiravad tegurid eri kasutusjuhtude puhul 3) analüüsida loodud prototüüpide kasusid lõppkasutajatele
Drone survey raw data based on an example construction project (50 weeks)
No full textData presents drone survey raw data (from different flight altitudes) which has been gathered during the TalTech Study Building reconstruction (Mäepealse 3, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia) during November 2019 - November 2020