International Journal of Energetica
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Economic Perspective in the Production of Copper Nanowire using Amino Acids as Capping Agent
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic feasibility of making copper nanowire using amino acids as a capping agent. The evaluation was conducted from two perspectives, namely engineering analysis and economic evaluation using parameters such as gross profit margin, payback period, breakeven points, and net present value. An economic evaluation was also carried out comparing the use of amino acids Glycine, Lysine, Proline, and Alanine to find out which amino acids were more profitable in the production of copper nanowire. Furthermore, the evaluation is done by estimating the ideal situation and several other state assumptions such as changes in raw material prices, labor costs, and also income tax. From the results of this study, Glycine is known as the most profitable amino acid to be used in this process. In addition, by using Glycine as an ideal condition, based on the results of the evaluation of all parameters, this project is classified as prospective to do. Although further studies must be carried out to develop this project, this study can be the basis for developing new methods of making copper nanowire on a large scale
Effect of heat flow via glazing on the productivity of a solar still
Get PDFIn many parts of the world, particularly in the Greater Maghreb, desalination of water by solar energy is practiced with incredible abundance. Drinking water shortage has become a major problem. Improving the efficiency of solar distillers in several laboratories around the world is still one of the major concerns of research topics. In this work we want to show that the heat flow through the glazing can also be considered as an index on the productivity of pure water from a conventional solar still
Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Preheating on Still Productivity
Get PDFSingle basin solar still (SBSS) has low productivity in this experimental research, some techniques have been employed to solve this problem, these techniques consist of using a flat plate collector. The main aim of this research was to make efficient use of the flat plate collector (FPC) to increase solar still productivity, and it works as a hybrid device. The model solar water heater for the flat plat collector (FPC) was coupled with a solar still, and the tests were repeated in 3 to 5 winter days, and the results were measured in the same way for each day. The results revealed that the productivity of the still increased 87 % when coupled with one, and decreased 20 % and 50 % when coupled with two and three flat plate collectors in southern Algeria, respectively
Economic and Technical Evaluation of LifePO4 Production using Hydrothermal Method
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to evaluate the economic and engineering layout carried out on a factory scale LiFePO4 production using the hydrothermal synthesis method. The method used is economic evaluation by calculating gross profit margin (GPM), payback period (PBP), break-even point (BEP), internal rate return (IRR), cumulative net present value (CNPV), return on investment (ROI). , and the profitability index (PI). LiFePO4 was synthesized using precursors FeSO4.H2O, ascorbic acid and H3PO4 and then reacted with LiOH2.2H2O by maintaining the Li: Fe: P molar ratio of 3: 1: 1. The results of GPM and CNPV calculations from the manufacture of industrial scale LiFePO4 show that the payback period (PBP) has increased in the fourth year. LiFePO4 applications on an industrial scale can be used for lithium ion batteries
The electrical properties of Au/GaN and PEDOT: PSS/GaN diodes
Get PDFoai:ojs.ijeca.info:article/137In the present paper, using a numerical simulator, the simulation of Au/n-GaN and PEDOT: PSS/GaN structures were performed in a temperature at room temperature. The electrical parameters: barrier height, ideality factor, shunt resistance series, and resistance have been calculated using different methods: conventional I-V, Norde, Chattopadhyay, and Mikhelashvili. Statistical analysis showed that the Au/GaN structure has a barrier height of (0.6 eV) which is higher compared with the PEDOT: PSS/GaN structure (0.72 eV) and ideality factor (1.88 and 2.26) respectively. The values of resistance shunt were increased from 77150.056 Ω to 11207586 Ω. It is observed that the leakage current increased from 6.64E-5 to 4.98926E-5A at −0.85 V
Comparative Study Between Fuzzy and Sliding Mode Control Based on a BDFIG
Get PDFBrushless doubly fed induction (BDFIG) is one of the best solutions of the previous research efforts about wind-power converter, which is represented by the absence of a brush gear and less maintenance cost, especially in the harsh regions. This task presents a comparative evaluation between a sliding mode and Fuzzy control. It demonstrates also the robustness of these two regulators against supply voltage and load disturbances. Furthermore, we have shown the undesirable phenomenon of oscillations having a finite frequency and amplitude, which is known as ‘chattering’ resulted from a sliding mode control which is based on Lyapunov approach theorem. The control of the system and BDFIG are both integrated in variable speed wind energy conversion. The performances of these control systems have been tested and analyzed in Matlab Simulink
Numerical simulation of the flow rate effect on the evolution of a negatively buoyant water jet
Get PDFA numerical simulation study was done on a penetrating pure water jet injected into another surrounding salt water miscible with negative buoyancy conditions. For the incompressible filtered Navier-Stokes equations and the sum of the fluid model volume, we used a transient Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver (VOF model). A finite volume discretization method using Open Source code given in Open Foam 2.3.0. was used to solve these equations. The flow has a significant impact in the laminar system on the evolution of the jet in terms of subsequent permanent phase as well as the transient regime
Control of 3x7 matrix converter with PWM three intervals modulation
Get PDFDirect Power conversion from fixed AC voltage into variable AC voltage is gaining a significant attention, especially in case of multi-phases machines/generators; for such reason a new algorithm to control 3x7 matrix converter (MC) is developed in this paper, wherein the main aim is to control multi-phases induction motor/generator connected to the electrical grid with a novel converter (except matrix converter), for that the PWM three intervals modulation strategy is modified from the control of 3x3 MC to 3x7 MC; which is directly connected to the network through a three phase input in order to overcome the supplying problems, on the other side seven phases have been used as an output to benefit the advantages of the multi-phases machines. This paper intends in the first place to explain the 3x3 MC, then to manipulate the control equation for the purpose of making it suitable for controlling the 3x7 MC effectively, thus a good performance can be clearly seen according to the quality of the output voltage/current under typical R-L load, the shift between phases and the THD evaluation. The obtained simulation results which demonstrate the efficiency of the new control algorithm are presented and discussed
A TRNSYS dynamic simulation model for a parabolic trough solar thermal power plant
Get PDFThis paper presents a validated TRNSYS model for a thermodynamic plant with parabolic trough solar thermal power (PT). The system consist of trough solar collector (PTC) as well as auxiliary components.. The simulation of the system has been done during the day (01/01) under the meteorological conditions of Ain Témouchent city (Algeria). The model compared the energy performance of the systems: case (1) - Rankine cycle facility with solar field and case (2)- Rankine cycle facility without solar field. The results showed that the present model has a good agreement with the experimental data of the literature. In case (1), PTC fluid outlet temperature reach the maximum value 330 ° C, Work of the steam turbine increase from the 9hr to reach its maximum value 856 KJ/Kg at 13 hr. In case (2), the maximum value of the power remains constant from the beginning of the simulation to 1hr00. Since the flow of fuel (gas natural) consumed does not change throughout the operating period.
A small parabolic trough collector as a solar water heater: an experimental study in Ouargla region, Algeria
Get PDFThis study aims to conduct an experimental thermal examination of a parabolic trough collector in Ouargla region at Algeria, which will be used as a solar water heater. The solar collector was manufactured and then experimentally tested, as its theoretical optical performance was estimated at 75.06%, while the values of its true thermal performance are 10.61, 10.68 and 8.85 % for 13 May, 14 May and 15 May. Although its thermal performance is somewhat low, the studied PTC is effective in heating the water, whereas, using a volumetric flow of 0.011 l/s, about 317 liters of water can be heated daily at 42°C, knowing that the daily average consumption of hot water in a typical house is 250 liters because the Ouargla region is strategically located that receives huge amounts of solar irradianc