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Exploring the undergraduate nursing students' experiences and learning strategies in distance nurse education : A qualitative study
No full textBACKGROUND: Distance nurse education is an essential contribution to sustainable access for nurses in rural and remotes areas. However, distance nurse education requires pedagogical changes, and we need more knowledge to design education programmes that can accommodate students who study off-campus. OBJECTIVE: To explore how undergraduate nursing students experience a distance education programme. METHODS: A qualitative explorative design. Students in a distance nurse education programme participated in six focus group interviews from March to September 2022. Data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Students had a generally positive experience of the distance nurse education programme and were especially pleased with its flexibility. The two main themes were students' sense of belonging and social interactions and their participation in learning activities. Students cited face-to-face meetings as an important factor in having a sense of community, involvement, and continuous motivation for their studies. Students found study groups to be useful for learning and progress in the study subjects. Physical teaching sessions at a non-university site facilitated and motivated them to follow live streaming of lectures at home and to collaborate online with the study group between those meetings. Social interaction with the educator and other students in physical teaching sessions was important for discussions of the subject matter and for assistance with technical challenges. A predictable timetable was essential for the students to balance time for their studies with family and work responsibilities. CONCLUSION: Students in the distance nurse programme preferred a combination of face-to-face meetings and live streaming. Study groups contributed to motivation, understanding of the course content, and a sense of community. It also helped to improve students' collaboration skills. These students have many professional and family obligations, so a predictable course plan was important to them
Nudge plus in tourism : reflexive behaviours and reflective attitudes
No full textThis research explores the potential application of nudge + in a tourism context. Nudge + is an intervention that aims to influence consumer decisions and promote long-term behavioural change by facilitating reflexive actions alongside reflective processes. Nudge + is conceptualised as a hybrid approach incorporating elements from green nudging and transformative experiences. In a laboratory simulation of a visit to an animal park, nudge + is used to explore how combining successive reflection-inducing messages and menu manipulations influences participants' food choices and pro-environmental attitudes. The process of designing the simulation constitutes a constructive step in developing and learning how to utilise nudge + in tourism activities. Our interpretation of nudge + entails a purposeful and comprehensive rethinking of the tourism experiencescape and customer journey to maintain enjoyment, engage visitors and ensure a cohesive stance towards reducing visitors' onsite climate footprint. Interventions and reflective elements can be incorporated as sequential interactions that set local norms. The results indicate that nudge + can boost participants' pro-environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions. Moreover, the interventions do not disturb participants, and nudging is perceived as an acceptable strategy for reducing tourists' climate footprint
Ljuset bakom illusionen : En filmanalys som tolkar och förstår ljusets innebörd i filmen 1917
No full textDenna uppsats analyserar ljusets roll inom filmen 1917 (Mendes, 2019). Detta görs genom att undersöka ljusets bidrag inom de dramaturgiska samt praktiska elementen i filmen. Uppsatsens syfte är att få en djupare förståelse för ljussättning, olika ljus- och kameratekniker, samt tankegångar som kan uppstå under en filmproduktion. Vi ställde oss frågan: Hur har ljussättningen i filmen 1917 anpassats för att använda en 360-graders kamera som simulerar en enda tagning? För att svara på frågeställningen användes teorier inom multimodalitet och semiotik. Ljussättningen i 1917 använder sig primärt av två typer av ljuskällor; naturligt ljus och motiverat ljus. Ljussättningen används för att skapa kontinuitet genom att anpassa ljuskällornas positioner och karaktär till den 360-graders rörliga kameran och miljön som de befinner sig i. Ljussättningen bidrog även till dramatik i form av färger som skiftade från ljust till mörkt under spänningsfyllda scener, ljusets positionering, och dess styrka. Med hjälp av dessa aspekter kunde filmens eftersträvade känsla och stämning uppnås. Resultatet tyder på att det även fanns en viss koppling mellan ljuset och karaktärernas ögon under mörka scener. Ljuset hjälpte i detta fall att gestalta karaktärernas syntillstånd, vad de tittade på, och vad de letade efter. Ljuset används även för att leda tittarens ögon mot det som filmskaparen vill att de ska fokusera på för att stärka filmens berättande drag
Nursing care to patients with pressure ulcers : a literature review
No full textBakgrund Trycksår uppstår när huden eller vävnaden under den skadas lokalt av tryck eller kombination med skjuv, vanligtvis över benutskott. Att tidigt upptäcka och kategorisera trycksår är avgörande för att säkerställa effektiv vård och behandling. Sjuksköterskans roll i trycksårsvården innefattar både förebyggande åtgärder och behandling av trycksår, där högkvalitativ vård och omsorg är centralt. Syfte Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att ge omvårdnad till patienter med trycksår. Metod En strukturerad litteraturöversikt baserat på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar presenterar forskningsresultat. Av dessa är 13 kvalitativa och 3 kvantitativa studier. För att systematiskt hitta artiklar relevanta för syftet användes databaserna CINAHL och PubMed, och endast artiklar från de senaste 10 åren inkluderades. Resultat Resultatet av de analyserade artiklarna visade två huvudkategorier med respektive underkategorier, innehållande: Vikten av kompetens samt sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av begränsningar i arbetet med trycksårprevention. De fyra underkategorierna var: Att uppleva bristande färdigheter som sjuksköterska och Att ha en positiv inställning till förebyggande arbete mot trycksår, Uppleva hög arbetsbelastning samt Att arbeta med begränsade resurser. Slutsats Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskor upplevde utmaningar vid trycksårsprevention, främst på grund av kunskapsbrist och brist på rätt utrustning. Hög arbetsbelastning och personalbrist påverkade också deras förmåga att genomföra effektiva förebyggande åtgärder.Background Pressure ulcers, also called pressure injuries, occur when the skin or underlying tissue is damaged locally by pressure or a combination of pressure and shear, especially over bonespurs. Early detection and categorization of pressure ulcers is essential to ensure that care and treatment are effective. Aim The purpose of this literature review is to describe nurses' experiences of providing care to patients with pressure ulcers. Method A structured literature review based on 16 scientific articles Presents research results. Of these, 13 are qualitative and 3 quantitative studies. To systematically find articles relevant to the purpose, the databases CINAHL and PubMed were used, and only articles from the last 10 years were included. Results The results of the analysed articles revealed two main categories with respective subcategories, including: The impotence of competence, nurses ´experience of limitations in working with pressure prevention. The four subcategories were: Experience a lack of skills as a nurse and having a positive attitude towards preventive work for pressure ulcer, Experiencing a high workload, and Working with limited resources. Conclusions The results showed that nurses experienced challenges in pressure ulcer prevention, mainly due to lack of knowledge, lack of the right equipment. High workloads and staff shortages also affected their ability to implement effective preventive measures.
Practices supporting cue-based breastfeeding of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units across Europe
No full textBACKGROUND: Emerging knowledge about supportive neurodevelopmental neonatal care shows the need for an individual approach to establish breastfeeding. However, evidence on how cue-based breastfeeding is supported in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is scarce. Therefore, the aim was to describe supporting practices for cue-based breastfeeding. METHOD: Through Delphi rounds, a questionnaire was developed comprising questions on the usage and occurrence of supportive practices for cue-based breastfeeding. A multinational online survey was distributed September to October in 2023 to NICUs in Europe using snowball sampling. Practices such as the practice of skin-to-skin contact (SSC), restrictions for breastfeeding, providing information to parents, observing and responding to infants' cues were explored. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 105 neonatal units across 15 European countries. Less than half (46%) of the NICUs had no restrictions upon placing the infant in SSC with the parents. Approximately half (49%) of the NICUs stated that infants had SSC within the first hour after birth. Many units (68%) had some restriction for breastfeeding. One week after birth, 48% of the NICUs encouraged breastfeeding for infants at 33 postmenstrual age whenever the infant showed cues, regardless of scheduled tube feeding time. This percentage increased to 59% at 33-35 gestational age. Less than half of the units (47%) stated that they had the necessary tools/instruments to support the transition from tube feeding to breastfeeding. There were variations in how milk intake was assessed, such as weighing before and after breastfeeding or estimating milk intake by time spent sucking. Infants in 50% of the units had to be fed exclusively orally before discharge. Many units (65%) provided specific support to or enabled discharge before the infant was exclusively orally fed. CONCLUSION: European NICUs employ supportive practices, SSC, early initiation of breastfeeding, and provide information to parents. Staff plays a significant role in fostering cue-based feeding in preterm infant-mother dyads. There still exist restrictions for SSC and breastfeeding. To understand the impact of different strategies and practices, there is need for evaluations by parents and testing of the implementation of cue-based feeding practices in neonatal care
Content and outcome of non-pharmacological rehabilitation in hospital, or community-based care, for women with traumatic brain injury : a scoping review protocol
No full textINTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health issue and a leading cause of long-term disabilities and mortality worldwide. There is growing evidence that TBI rehabilitation should be differentiated and individualised according to gender to provide more effective healthcare and rehabilitation. However, there is a lack of reviews focusing on the rehabilitation for women with TBI and there is a need to summarise existing knowledge to guide and individualise their rehabilitation. This scoping review aims to identify and map evidence on content and outcome of non-pharmacological rehabilitation for women with TBI aged below 65 years. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This scoping review will follow the methodological guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The databases searched will be PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The following inclusion criteria will be applied: peer-reviewed studies published in English over the years 2000-2024 including description of content and outcomes of non-pharmacological TBI rehabilitation for women aged between 16 and 65 years in both inpatient and outpatient contexts. All severities of TBI ranging from concussion through to extremely severe will be included. Text and opinion papers, conference abstracts and grey literature will be excluded. Studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be independently reviewed by three researchers. A data extraction form will be used including specific details about the participants, concept, context, study methods and key findings. The results will be presented in tabular format accompanied by a narrative summary. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Due to the nature of data, no approval from an ethics committee is required. Dissemination of results are planned in an open-access peer-reviewed journal and in professional networks. REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: OSF, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/QUY3T
Från osynlig till framträdande : Hur genus reflekteras i grundskolans senare års historieläromedel
No full textThis study examines the representation of gender roles and power structures in Swedish history textbooks for grades 7–9. By analyzing themes such as the French Revolution, World War II, the Holocaust, and political protests alongside shifts in gender roles, the study highlights disparities in the portrayal of men and women. The findings reveal that men are predominantly depicted as central actors and key drivers of historical and societal changes, while women are often relegated to secondary roles or described in relation to men’s actions. Although some textbooks provide a more balanced perspective, traditional gender hierarchies and stereotypes persist, underscoring the need for a more inclusive approach to historical narratives in educational materials
Activity Recognition and Daily Routine Modelling of Smart Home Residents
No full textSmart home technology has revolutionized daily living by enabling automated activity recognition and behavior monitoring, particularly in multi-resident environments. This study presents an advanced framework for analyzing sensordriven activity data to identify routines, shared tasks, and behavioral deviations overtime. By leveraging machine learning models such as Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), Random Forest, Tuned Random Forest, and XGBoost, the research explores the complexities of overlapping tasks, personal schedules, and routine shifts. Among the models evaluated, XGBoost achieved the highest test accuracy of 91.39%, effectively handling imbalanced datasets and prioritizing key features. Random Forestand its tuned variant demonstrated strong reliability with test accuracies of 88.31% and 88.90%, respectively, offering interpretability and robustness. While BiLSTM performed well in capturing sequential dependencies, it struggled with overlapping activities, achieving a test accuracy of 73.66%. Beyond activity classification, the study emphasizes behavioral deviation analysis to detect variations in daily routines. These deviations, identified through changes in task frequencies and durations, serve as indicators of potential health concerns, lifestyle modifications, or shifts in social engagement. The findings highlight the potential of smart home systems not only to enhance daily convenience but also to facilitate proactive health monitoring and personalized care interventions.
Formativ bedömning inom skrivundervisning : Lärares metoder vid formativ bedömning och vilken effekt dessa har på elevers skrivutveckling
No full textStudien undersöker svensklärares uppfattningar av formativ bedömning inom svenskämnet med fokus på skrivundervisning. Genom tretton kvalitativa intervjuer med svensklärare studeras deras uppfattning av vilka praktiska tillvägagångssätt för formativ bedömning som de använder och dess effekter på elevers skrivförmåga. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgår från det sociokulturella perspektivet, inom vilket det kollektiva lärandet är centralt. Resultatet visar att de intervjuade lärarna har ensamstämmig syn på den formativa bedömningens avgörande betydelse för elevers skrivutveckling. I likhet med tidigare studier finns hos våra informanter en tendens att lägga större vikt vid hur den formativa återkopplingen kan forma eleven, och mindre vid hur läraren kan tillämpa det formativa perspektivet för att utveckla alla delar av sin undervisning. Vissa skillnader framträder gällande hur informanterna konkret tillämpar det formativa perspektivet i praktisk undervisning, såsom hur lärandemål tydliggör och återkoppling ges. En skillnad mellan vårt resultat och den tidigare forskningen är synen på respons ges till lågpresterande elever. Forskningen visar att dessa bör ges mer omfattande respons, medan våra informanter ger dem mindre i syfte att bevara studiemotivationen. Att alla elever känner motivation och delaktighet framträdde under arbetets gång som centralt för att formativ bedömning ska ge positiva effekter på skrivutvecklingen
Cidadania linguística na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil : Um mural da comunidade de Tavares Bastos, no Rio de Janeiro
No full textEsta tese de licenciatura investiga os discursos em spray como práticas de cidadania linguística na comunidade de Tavares Bastos, no Rio de Janeiro. Como estudo de caso, escolheu-se um mural que faz parte do projeto Museu Vivo da Rede Nami, que usa a arte para promover os direitos das mulheres no Brasil. O mural é situado na Comunidade Tavares Bastos no Rio de Janeiro e foi realizada por uma artista carioca, Aduda. As principais questões deste estudo são: Qual é a percepção dos moradores dos discursos em spray? De quem são e para quem são os murais? Ao ver esses discursos em spray, essa obra da artista, num mural, como uma prática de cidadania linguística, o presente estudo explora os discursos em spray por parte das artistas, por um lado, e as percepções dos moradores por outro. O estudo enquadra-se no âmbito dos estudos de paisagem linguística, que oferecem uma abordagem que permite desvendar as conexões entre o texto, num sentido amplo, e o mundo no espaço público. O estudo explora as maneiras pelas quais artistas de murais, através das práticas de discursos em spray, interagem com as pessoas moradoras ou/e cidadãos e utilizam os discursos em spray para afirmar sua identidade, problemas sociais e políticos tanto quanto outros aspectos socioculturais. Escolheu-se um mural específico, realizado no ano 2020 na comunidade do Tavares Bastos, Rio de Janeiro pela artista local Aduda. O mural faz parte de um projeto feminista e antirracista levantado por uma organização não governamental, Rede NAMI, com sede no Tavares Bastos. Este projeto é um projeto exemplar de luta contra a violência de gênero no contexto brasileiro que me foi presentado por contatos pessoais no Rio de Janeiro. O material consiste em fotografias do mural, entrevista da artista (disponível online) e as percepções dos moradores, recolhidas através de um inquérito lançado em diferentes grupos locais de facebook. O material, no seu conjunto, foi utilizado para entender arelação entre o discurso em spray da artista é as percepções dos moradores. A base teórica da cidadania linguística serve como uma estrutura crítica, fornecendo percepções sobre a dinâmica do uso da linguagem, da representação e do poder no ambiente urbano. Por meio de uma combinação de métodos qualitativos, incluindo análise de conteúdo visual e entrevistas com residentes, esta pesquisa revela as dimensões multifacetadas da cidadania linguística incorporadas nos murais do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados deste estudo contribuem para melhor entender as conexões entre a linguagem no espaço público, neste caso as práticas de discursos em spray, visto como um ato/uma expressão de cidadania linguística e identidade urbana. Ao explorar as paisagens linguísticas do Rio de Janeiro, esta pesquisa lança luz sobrea dinâmica sociocultural que molda e é moldada pelas expressões visuais.