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Vad som helst, bara det skapar känslor? : En studie i hur poesi definieras och representeras i läromedel i svenska för årskurs 7–9
No full textSkönlitteratur och litteraturdidaktik har en framträdande plats i skolans svenskämne. I ämnesplanen för svenska i årskurs 7–9 tydliggörs att eleverna ska få ta delav litteratur från olika genrer, däribland poesi. Det finns också en djupare betydelse av litteratur och kultur som skrivs fram i läroplanens första kapitel där det görs en koppling mellan kultur och identitet. Det är tydligt att man ska arbeta med skönlitteratur, bland annat poesi, i klassrummet. I den här uppsatsen undersöks hur poesi definieras och representeras i läromedel för årskurs 7–9. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur poesi framställs, hur man kan arbeta med poesi och vad som ryms inom poesibegreppet. Uppsatsens frågeställningar är a) hur definieras poesi i läromedlen? b) vilket urval av poesi och poeter åskådliggörs i läroböckerna? c) hur kan man, enligt läromedlen, arbeta med poesi? I undersökningen analyseras de avsnitt som behandlar poesi i fem läromedel för årskurs 7–9. Urvalet har varit målstyrt och föregåtts av en kravspecifikation för att undersökningen skulle vara pålitlig. Metoden som använts i undersökningen är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, vilket bland annat innebär att man identifierar teman i det undersökta materialet. Jag diskuterar undersökningens kvalitet i termerna trovärdighet, överförbarhet, pålitlighet och objektivitet. Det finns mycket forskning om litteraturdidaktik och en relevant del av denna används i undersökningen, liksom forskning som finns om läromedel i svenska. Annan forskning som diskuteras handlar bland annat om sångtexter utifrån ett brett litteraturgrepp och poesiläsning i skolan. Uppsatsens teorikapitel, kapitel 4, är indelat i fyra avsnitt, vilka behandlar litteraturdidaktik, vad poesi kan vara inklusive ett brett litteraturgrepp, läromedel och urval samt finkultur, fulkultur och kulturellt kapital. Resultatet presenteras i kapitel 5, i tre avsnitt kopplade till forskningsfrågorna. Det första avsnittet besvarar hur poesi beskrivs i läromedlen, och de teman som identifierats i materialet är: en definition av genre skild från andra genrer, en definition av poesi som nästan vad som helst, en definition utifrån språk och särskilda stiltecken, en definition kopplat till tolkning och känsla och en avslutande definition där poesi beskrivs utifrån ett brett litteraturgrepp. Det andra avsnittet kopplas till frågan om vilket urval av poesi och poeter som åskådliggörs i läroböckerna och av de sjuttio representerade poeterna urskildes fyra undergrupper: favoriter, klassiker, moderna poeter och musikartister. Det tredje avsnittet redogör för elevuppgifterna som presenteras i läromedlen och fyra områden har identifierats. Dessa är läsning av poesi, uppgifter kopplade till poesins språk och struktur, tolkning av poesi samt skrivande av poesi. I alla avsnitt förs resonemang kring resultatet av innehållsanalysen kopplat till teorin. I det avslutande kapitlet diskuteras resultatet. Det första avsnittet behandlar vad som ryms inom poesibegreppet och där diskuteras vem som egentligen avgör vad som är poesi. Nästa avsnitt diskuterar urval kopplat till klass och kön och en slutsats är att det finns en ojämn representation i läromedlen vilken kan kopplas till värdering. Ytterligare ett avsnitt behandlar poesiarbetet i klassrummet där en slutsats är att poesibegreppet har vidgats, men, kan det finnas motsättningar i att använda det breda litteraturgreppet? Det avslutande diskussionsavsnittet behandlar kulturellt kapital och vilket sådant eleverna kan få med sig. Avslutningsvis ges förslag på fortsatt forskning, till exempel en komparativ studie av läromedel eller att undersöka om det finns någon motsättning mellan att läsa klassiker och använda ett brett litteraturgrepp. Inom poesididaktiken finns mycket att undersöka och det är dags att poesin hamnar högt på agendan, i både skola och i forskningsvärlden. The aim of this study is to examine how poetry and poets are definied and represented in five different learning materials in the Swedish subject in grade 7–9. Literature and literature didactics is an important part of the Swedish subject in school. In the curricula it is made clear that the pupils should learn about literature,which includes poetry. The method being used is a qualitative analysis, which for instance includes identifying themes in the investigated material. The results are linked to the research questions; the first section deals with those themes that has been identifyed regarding how poetry is defined in the learning material; the second one to which poets that are represented in the learning material; the third section describes those themes linked to how to work with poetry in the classroom. In the discussion there is a section about what poetry really is, and who decides what poetry is. There is also conclusions being made about, for instance, selection, representation and gender in learning material about poetry. The discussion and the conclusions are linked to theories about literature didactics, poetry, literature sociology, and selection in learning materials. In addition to that, suggestions for further research in this subject are made. There is a lot to examine in poetry didactics and it is about time for poetry to be on top of the agenda.
Motherhood Experiences Among Egg Donation Recipients : A Meta-Synthesis of Psychological, Ethical and Social Dimensions
No full textBackground: The number of families created by egg donation is continuouslyi ncreasing, but the research on how mothers feel, and construct mother-child relationships remains limited. The understanding of this process is important for the provision of emotional and psychological support appropriate to the phase the woman is transitioning to motherhood. Aim: This study explores how mothers through egg donation construct maternal identity, navigate societal expectations, manage disclosure, and experience psychological/emotional well-being. Methodology: This qualitative meta-synthesis included 15 peer-reviewed articles identified through systematic searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL. The JBI criteria ensured quality assessment, and thematic analysis was used to synthesize findings and reveal key patterns. Results: Focusing on identity, disclosure, and cultural norms, this study shows that motherhood via egg donation is a complex journey. Despite early skepticism, intentionality and openness fostered strong bonds. Stigma affected those who disclosed, revealing egg donation as an intimate experience with ethical nuances. Conclusions: Motherhood via egg donation centers on emotional bonds and intentional care. Despite genetic concerns, strong connections form. Disclosure varies with psychological and cultural factors, underscoring the need for personalized, inclusive support
Värdegrundsfrågor i svenskämnet : En tematisk analys av ungdomsromanerna Fula tjejer och Adios hockeyhora ur ett litteraturdidaktiskt perspektiv
No full textThis study explores the didactic potential of two youth novels, Ugly girls [our translation](Bjärbo et al., 2020) and Adios hockey whore [our translation] (Falk, 2022) to address the Swedish national curriculum’s (Skolverket, 2024) core values in grades 7-9. It examines how these novels can be used to address social media and mental health in the teaching of the Swedish subject. This study utilizes Biesta’s (2011) educational philosophy as an overarching theory and applies Alkestrand’s (2016) theory of didactic potential in the analysis of the data. Data is analysed with a reflexive thematic analysis to identify key themes and relevant content related to the study’s focus areas, social media, and mental health. The result suggests that both novels offer didactic potential for engaging core-value discussions with students about our focus areas. The study highlights silent reading and literature discussions as didactic methods for working with the novels to offer the students an opportunity to cultivate an understanding of themselves and others
“By the Grace of God, the Monarch Reigns” : Institutionalized Trust in Monarchies compared to Western European non-monarchies and post-socialist countries
No full textInstitutional trust plays a central role in the functioning of democratic societies, yet the factors that shape it continue to be widely debated. This study explores whether the presence of a constitutional monarchy is linked to higher levels of trust in political and legal institutions. By using cross-national data survey and comparing three types of regime structures, namely constitutional monarchies, Western European non-monarchies, and post-socialist republics, this research examines how different political systems relate to trust across a range of institutions. The findings show that constitutional monarchies consistently report higher and more stable levels of trust across seven institutional areas, including country’s parliament, legal system, police, politicians, political parties, the European Parliament and United Nations. In contrast, post-socialist countries show the lowest levels of institutional trust, while Western European non-monarchies fall in between. These patterns remain consistent even after accounting for individual-level factors. The results suggest that the symbolic and structural features of monarchies may contribute to greater institutional trust, offering insight into how traditional forms of governance can continue to shape democratic attitudes in contemporary Europe
Violence against children, children’s rights, and society’s response : Implications of child welfare services’ handling of abuse for children’s access to protection and support
No full textThe overall aim of this thesis was to examine aspects of children’s access to societal protection and support in the context of Swedish child welfare services’ (CWS) handling of cases concerning physical and sexual child abuse. The focus was on CWS’s police reporting and decisions on protective and supportive measures, professional discretion and investigative strategies, the application of children’s rights to participation and protection, and children’s voices regarding violence, as documented in CWS case files. CWS case files, based on 291 reports, were analyzed using quantitative content analysis (including assessments of the severity and suspicion of violence) and thematic analysis. Additionally, semi-structured interviews with 16 supervising social workers were analyzed through thematic analysis. Children’s accounts of violence in the case files revealed experiences shaped by power and control, significantly impacting their lives. In contrast, although 60.1% of the children disclosed abuse, 70.7% of the CWS investigations were concluded without protection or support measures. CWS typically refrained from reporting to the police, and only 8.2% of the cases resulted in decisions to implement protective or supportive measures related to violence, despite indications of a serious situation in 35.5% of the cases. The findings revealed a broad exercise of professional discretion — shaped by professionals’ conceptions of the child welfare system — that resulted in divergent strategies for handling child abuse and posed significant risks of unequal access to protection and support. A paradoxical practice entailing either protection from participation or unprotected autonomy was identified, illustrating how a unilateral view of children as either incompetent/vulnerable or autonomous risks undermining both participation and protection rights, and often denies them recognition as epistemic subjects. The main contribution of this thesis lies in its illumination of the complex and paradoxical dynamics through which children disclose violence, while their accounts are simultaneously marginalized or ignored in decision-making processes — ultimately rendering them voiceless and denying them their rights as rights-bearing subjects. By integrating the participatory framework of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child with Fricker’s theory of epistemic injustice, the silencing of children’s voices can be conceptualized as a form of structural discrimination that undermines the realization of their human rights. Recognizing children’s voices in CWS case files as epistemically authoritative contributes to a deeper understanding of child abuse as a phenomenon shaped by power and control, highlighting the importance of acknowledging children as both vulnerable and competent social actors
Job satisfaction and high work demands for managers in elderly care : A study about first-line managers and assistant managers experience of jobsatisfaction in a Swedish municipal and how the organization maintains it
No full textDetta arbete har ett fokus på enhetschefers och biträdande enhetschefers arbetstillfredsställelse och hur detta upplevs på arbetsplatsen. Arbetets syfte är att undersöka hur bakomliggande organisatoriska strukturer främjar eller begränsar den upplevda arbetstillfredsställelsen. Arbetet har en kvalitativ forskningsansats och analyseras med hjälp av tematisk analys. Det insamlade datamaterialet består av semi-strukturerade intervjuer med fyra enhetschefer och biträdande enhetschefer, samt tre respondenter ifrån HR-stöd. Tidigare forskning har påvisat att chefer närmast den operativa verksamheten upplever hög arbetsbelastning inom kommunala verksamheter och specifikt inom äldreomsorgen. Detta är ett resultat av new public management reformeringen under sent 1900-tal och hur den svenska offentliga sektorn är organiserad utifrån den byråkratiska modellen. Med stödfunktioner som blivit alltmer strategiska och centraliserade har detta medfört att enhetschefer har ett brett ansvar med höga krav. För att kunna besvara studien syfte används väletablerade teorier som Job demand resource, Hertzbergs teori om motivations- och hygienfaktorer och som vi kompletterat med Maslows behovsteori. Resultatet av detta arbete har visat på att enhetschefer och biträdande enhetschefer inom äldreomsorgen uppvisar en hög arbetsbelastning som ökat över tid. Ett resultat av ett politikerskifte och ett utökat fokus på kostnadsbesparingar på grund av den höga sjukstatistiken och kritik från samhället. Resultatet pekar även på bristande tillit till politiker och minskade organisatoriska resurser i form av tid för att kunna ha rätt förutsättningar i sitt arbete. En slutsats är att bristande organisatoriska resurser balanseras upp med hjälp av sociala stöd från bland annat kollegor och medarbetare. För att balansera upp den höga arbetsbelastningen behöver organisationer minimera belastningen och stötta upp med fler organisatoriska resurser som grundar sig i chefernas behov. The focus of this study is to examine first-line managers and first-line assistant managers job satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to examine underlying structures within the organization which may contribute or limit the feeling of job-satisfaction. This study has a qualitative research approach and has been analyzed with the thematic approach. The data in this study has been collected by semi-structured interviews whereas four first-line managers and assistant managers and three from the organizations support functions has participated. Previous research has found that managers in municipal organizations, who are closest to the operational activities are experiencing high workloads, more specifically in elderly care. This can be explained because of the new public management reform that occurred around late 1900th century and because of the Swedish public sectors bureaucratic structure. With support functions becoming more strategic and centralized has this resulted in managers having broader responsibilities and higher demands. To answer this study’s purpose well established theories such as job demand-resource and Hertzberg’s theory in which we have complemented with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model has been used to analyze the result. The result of this study shows that first-line managers and first-line assistant managers in elderly care experience high work demands which has increased over the course of a few years. This is a result of a politician shift and a stronger approach on cost savings to combat the increasing number of sick leaves and criticism from the community. The result also shows that trust in the politicians has decreased as well as a decrease in organizational resources such as time to finish work assignments. The conclusion in this study is that the managers in this study use social capital from work colleagues to cope with lack of organizational resources and high workdemands. The organization needs to assist the managers by creating a balance between high job demand and organizational resources which is based in the manager’s needs.
The use of several fashion and cinema anglicisms and their French equivalents in a Francophone Belgian press corpus
No full textL'objectif principal de cette recherche est d'analyser les préférences linguistiques des journalistes belges francophones. Plus précisément, elle examine l'utilisation d’anglicismes sélectionnés, liés à la mode et au cinéma, ainsi que de leurs équivalents français, dans la presse belge francophone entre 2014 et 2024. L’étude a été menée à l’aide de Krantenarchief, un outil accessible aux abonnés des bibliothèques belges, qui donne accès à un large éventail de publications de presse, en français et en flamand. Le corpus comprend, pour les deux catégories (mode et cinéma), quatre journaux : deux à orientation conservatrice (L’Avenir et La Libre Belgique) et deux à orientation plus libérale (Le Soir et La Dernière Heure). De plus, trois magazines ont été sélectionnés : deux liés à la mode (Femmes d’Aujourd’hui et Flair Français) et un au cinéma (Ciné Télé Revue). Les résultats de cette étude révèlent une préférence marquée pour les anglicismes par rapport à leurs équivalents français. Les termes couramment utilisés incluent top model et fast fashion dans le domaine de la mode, ainsi que biopic et casting dans le contexte cinématographique. Toutefois, certains emprunts anglais apparaissent moins fréquemment que leurs équivalents français, tels que fashion show et trailer. Les résultats de certains termes sélectionnés pour cette étude suggèrent également que la presse généraliste, notamment les journaux associés au conservatisme, affichent un niveau de purisme linguistique plus élevé, avec une préférence plus marquée pour les équivalents français. Les magazines spécialisés, en revanche, pourraient opter plus souvent pour les emprunts anglais. Ainsi, l’usage des anglicismes dans la presse francophone belge apparaît nuancé et souvent dépendant du terme spécifique.The main purpose of this research is to analyze the linguistic preferences of French-speakingBelgian journalists. Specifically, it examines the use of selected anglicisms related to fashion and cinema, as well as their French equivalents, in Belgian Francophone press publications from 2014 to 2024. The study was conducted using Krantenarchief, a tool accessible to members of Belgian libraries, which provides access to a wide range of press publications, including those in French. The corpus includes, for both categories (fashion and cinema), four journals: two with a conservative orientation (L’Avenir and La Libre Belgique) and two with amore liberal orientation (Le Soir and La Dernière Heure). In addition, three magazines were selected: two related to fashion (Femmes d’Aujourd’hui and Flair Français) and one focusedon cinema (Ciné Télé Revue). The results of this study reveal a stronger preference for anglicisms over their French equivalents. Commonly used terms include top model and fast fashion in the fashion domain, and biopic and casting in the cinematic context. However, certain English borrowings appear less frequently than their French counterparts, such as fashion show and trailer. Results of certain terms selected for this study also suggest that general-interest press, notably the newspapers associated with conservatism, display higher level of linguistic purism, for there is a bigger preference for the French equivalents. The specialized magazines, on the other hand, might opt more often for the English borrowings. Thus, the use of anglicisms in the Belgian French-language press appears to be nuanced and often dependent on the specific term in question
The midwife´s encounter with pregnant women who have previously lost a child during pregnancy : A qualitative interview study with midwive´s at antenatal care centers
No full textBackground: Every year, nearly two million stillbirths take place globally. There is a culture of silence when it comes to intrauterine fetal death and women around the world feel ashamed about losing a child while pregnant. Around 250 stillbirths occurred in Sweden in 2022. Meeting pregnant women who have lost a child during pregnancy in the past presents a complex task for the midwife, who may require support and direction dealing with this. Aim: The aim of this interview study was to describe the experience and knowledge of midwives who met pregnant women at maternity care centers who had previously lost a child during pregnancy. Method: This qualitative interview study used semi-structured interviews and an indicate approach. Nine midwives were recruited from Region Varmland. Zoom and in-person interviews were conducted. Through quantitative content analysis, main categories and subcategories were identified. Results: In the end, two major and seven subcategories were created. One important finding was that pregnant women who had previously lost a child during pregnancy experienced anxiety and deep grief. Because of this, it became essential to ensure that each woman received considerate and personalized care. Cultural disparities also emerged, with women from various cultures not discussing the lost child and viewing the loss differently. There was a lack of both clear guidelines and ongoing education in the field. Conclusion: Women who have previously lost a child during pregnancy experience deep and challenging anxiety, requiring personalized visits with midwives who possess competence in the field. To support these women and deliver quality healthcare, deeper knowledge and resources are required. Clinical applicability: It is recommended to implement further education and a mentorship program in which a more experienced midwife shares their knowledge and experience with less experienced midwives. A regional support group for the women who have previously lost a child during pregnancy should be maintained.Bakgrund: Nästan två miljoner dödfödslar inträffar varje år globalt. Det finns en tysthetskultur i att samtala om intrauterin fosterdöd och ur ett globalt perspektiv upplever kvinnor skamkänslor kring att förlorat ett barn under en graviditet. Under år 2022 var andelen dödfödslar cirka 350 stycken i Sverige. Barnmorskans roll innefattar att stödja kvinnor i den reproduktiva och sexuella hälsan genom livet vilket även innefattar svåra händelser som förlusten av ett barn. Syfte: Syftet med intervjustudien var att beskriva barnmorskors erfarenheter och upplevelser av att möta gravida kvinnor på mödrahälsovårdscentral som tidigare förlorat ett barn under graviditet. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie med semistrukturerade intervjuer och induktiv ansats antogs. Barnmorskor rekryterades från Region Värmland. Nio stycken barnmorskor intervjuades via Zoom eller fysiskt möte. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes där huvudrubriker och underrubriker skapades. Resultat: Slutligen bildades två huvudrubriker och sju underrubriker. Barnmorskorna i examensarbete upplevde att de gravida kvinnor som tidigare förlorat ett barn under graviditet bar på en svårbemästrad oro. Det gjorde att barnmorskan behövde anpassa sitt bemötande och individuellt erbjuda insatser för varje kvinna. Kulturella skillnader framkom också där kvinnor från andra kulturer såg på förlusten på ett annorlunda sätt och inte pratade om det förlorade barnet. Fortbildning i ämnet var något som saknades och även tydliga riktlinjer. Slutsats: Kvinnor som tidigare förlorat ett barn under graviditet upplever en djup och svårhanterlig oro som kräver individanpassade besök med barnmorskor som besitter kompetens inom området. Det behövs fördjupad kunskap och verktyg för att kunna stödja kvinnorna samt ge god hälso- och sjukvård. Klinisk tillämpbarhet: Fortbildning och mentorskap där en barnmorska med längre yrkeslivserfarenhet handleder nyare barnmorskor för att dela med sig av sin kunskap och erfarenhet skulle kunna implementeras. För kvinnorna skulle en regional föräldragrupp riktad till kvinnor som tidigare förlorat ett barn under graviditet behöva upprättas
Climate Policy Support : The Effect of Climate-Related Fears in East and West Germany
No full textThis thesis examines climate policy support and the effect of climate-related fears in East and West Germany. Specifically, this thesis investigates (1) how climate policy support differs between East and West Germany, (2) how various fears, namely climate worry, concerns about environmental policy effectiveness, rising costs, and growing inequality, shape individuals’ support for climate policy, and (3) how these climate-related fears impact climate policy support differently in East and West Germany. This study makes use of a theoretical framework grounded in postmaterialist theory, rational choice theory and value-belief-norm theory. The study employs the dataset of the environmental awareness study 2022 in Germany (Umweltbewusstseinstudie 2022), which includes a total 2,073 observations and adheres to strict standards of data collection. The research methodology involves conducting a statistical analysis, including t-tests and regression analysis. The Stata 18 software is used for this purpose. The findings show that support for climate policy is higher in West Germany than in East Germany. Climate worry and concern about environmental policy effectiveness positively affect climate policy support, while concern about rising costs and growing inequality negatively affect climate policy support. Exploring regional differences, the findings reveal that climate worry has a bigger effect in East Germany than in West Germany. Further, concern about environmental policy effectiveness has a greater impact in West Germany than in East Germany. Interestingly, associating with the AfD (German extreme right party) has a greater negative impact on climate policy support in East Germany than in West Germany
Psychological distress, psychosocial factors, and physical inactivity among older women and men in Sweden : a population-based study
No full textBackground Physical inactivity is a major public health concern worldwide. Psychological distress is linked to physical inactivity, which increases the risk of several diseases. Women tend to be more physically inactive than men. Moreover, physical inactivity increases with age in both sexes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between psychological distress and physical inactivity in adults aged ≥ 65 years, the role of psychosocial factors and explore sex-based differences. Methods This study included 14,213 older adults, comprising 7,069 women (52%) (median age = 75 years), who responded to a survey questionnaire sent to a random population sample in Mid-Sweden in 2022. The response rate in the population aged ≥ 65 years was 61%. The association between psychological distress as defined by the Kessler-6 and physical inactivity (< 150 min/week of physical activity) was analyzed using binary logistic regression, adjusting for sex, age, country of birth, educational level, and psychosocial factors. Results Overall, 30% of the participants reported psychological distress, and 45% were physically inactive. Psychological distress and physical inactivity were significantly associated (p < 0.001), being more common among women (p < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, the Odds Ratio (OR) for physical inactivity was 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43–1.50) for women and 1.70 (95% CI: 1.65–1.74) for men regarding moderate psychological distress and 2.87 (95% CI: 2.72–3.04) for women and 2.43 (95% CI: 2.28–2.58) for men regarding serious psychological distress. Not participating in social activities in the last 12 months was associated with physical inactivity in both women and men. Conclusions Psychological distress is significantly associated with physical inactivity among older adults. Participation in social activities was identified as an essential factor in addressing physical inactivity. Social connections and physical inactivity are important factors to consider when supporting older adults’ mental health. Public health interventions should promote and raise awareness of physical and mental health as well as the social dimensions of aging, while also considering age and sex-based differences