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The Penal Laws in Ireland - Hedge Schools and the Spread of English
This paper explores the emergence of the Hedge schools in Ireland in response to the penal laws imposed on 18th century Ireland. In particular, the 1695 Education Act and its role in fostering an underground schooling system which effectively schooled the Catholic majority for over a hundred years is examined. The penal laws predated an enormous demographic shift within the country due to the transference of land from Catholics to Protestants through the Cromwellian plantations. The impact of the penal laws on the education of Catholics is examined and the spread of English in 18th century Ireland is discussed
Development of Teaching Materials for “How to Warm Water” in Elementary School Science: Understanding Water Convection and Temperature Change using “Food Coloring Capsules”
Project Based Learning (PBL): enhancing student motivation to promote real world accomplishment
This paper seeks to illuminate the application of visual sociology within a project-based learning (PBL) framework. The objective of this year-long course is for students to produce a shortform documentary (6-7 minutes) utilizing a framework from either a sociological, linguistic, or international cooperation perspective of their choosing. Throughout the course, students engage in various levels of learning. Initially, they acquire the ability to integrate the concepts they have chosen into their narrative compositions. Subsequently, they develop a stylistic approach for their video production, followed by the gathering of necessary visual, qualitative, and quantitative data. The extensive duration of this project presents a notable challenge for students, many of whom have not previously engaged in long-term endeavors. This course serves as an introduction to essential skills such as communication and time management. Effective communication skills are highly important due to the collaborative nature of this project. The presence of multiple deadlines necessitates students’ heightened awareness of time management to ensure the project is completed in a timely fashion. This paper analyzes statements from 26 students who have directly participated in this course. Many of the statements in the reports show clear signs of students recognizing an increase in interpersonal skills and an improvement in their ability to plan. Many students recognized the perceived value of their experiences in this course and how these experiences can be applied to their future endeavors. These sentiments are corroborated in their recorded statements