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Tissue Expression of HSP27 in Prostate Cancer Is Correlated with the Aggressivity of Cancer in the Algerien Population
Get PDFBackground: Prostate Cancer (CaP) is the second most common cancer in men and a major public health problem. Clinical outcomes at diagnosis are heterogeneous and difficult to predict, so predictive and diagnostic markers are needed. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) such as HSP27 are highly regulated in several malignant tumors. Basal HSP27 levels in most human tissues are low compared to high levels in tumors.
Methods: In this work, we evaluated, in subjects with CaP, the levels of expression of the HSP27 antigen in tumor tissues and its association with tumor aggressiveness. The Immunohistochemical (IHC) method was used to determine the expression of HSP27 in 58 prostate cancer tissues and 4 prostate hyperplasia (BPH).
Results: Tissue levels of HSP27 were significantly higher in patients with CaP than in BPH (QSM = 153.43±0; P<0.0001). In the case of aggressive cancer (Gleason score > 7), we found a very significant increase in HSP27 protein (QSM = 169.73±84.26; P<0.0001) compared to non-aggressive cancer (Gleason score ≤ 7) (QSM = 123.92± 91.36; P<0.001).
Conclusion: Overexpression of HSP27 in the tissues of patients with CaP compared to patients with BPH may be of diagnostic and/or prognostic interest and maybe a therapeutic target in patients with prostate cancer
Epidemiological study of bladder cancer in the university Hospital of Tlemcen
Get PDFBackground: Bladder cancer is diagnosed or treated worldwide in 2.7 million people each year (4%), and is the second urological cancer after prostate cancer (7th cancer localization in the world), 3% of cancer deaths, 75% of which are in men, most of those tumors appears after the age of 60. The objective of this study is to establish the epidemiological, clinical, histological, and therapeutic profiles of bladder cancer in this population.
Methods: This work deals with a retrospective study of all 104 patients treated at the Medical Oncology Department of the Tlemcen University Hospital for bladder cancer from January 2011 to December 2018. The sex ratio (M/W) is 12. The average age is about 67. The concept of smoking found in 81 patients, weaned in 42 of them. The average duration of change is 24 months [1-348]. Hematuria was the main reason for consultation (90/104). The disease has been diagnosed at a localized stage (19), locally advanced (7), localized or locally advanced (18), and metastatic (54). The metastatic lesions were pulmonary, in the liver, in the bone, and peritoneal. Patients benefited from transurethral bladder resection. The histological types were 96% urothelial carcinoma, 1% sarcoma, and 3% of other cancer types. 31 patients received surgery: curative type in 24 patients, and palliative in 7 patients. Twenty-one patients received radiation therapy: external type in 13 patients, in conjunction with chemotherapy (RCC) in 2 patients, analgal in 5 patients. Fifty-eight patients received treatment with chemotherapy, adjuvant in 10 patients, palliative in 24 patients, neoadjuvant in 22 patients, and combination with radiotherapy in 2 patients.
Results: In theory, bladder cancer is an elderly disease and about 80% of patients with bladder cancer were over the age of 60. The male predominance observed in our study reported by several authors around the world (about 90% of male patients). Smoking is the major risk factor for bladder cancer (80% of patients are smokers). The average age of discovery of the disease in our series is 67 years, compared to other countries (e.g., France, 70 years). More than 80% of patients see blood in their "hematuria" urine (the main reason for consultation with a rate of 86%. Urothelial-type tumors are the most common, and 96% of bladder tumor cases are urothelial.
Conclusion: At the end of these results, we find that bladder cancer is a typical localization especially in male smokers, usually occurs after the age of 60, and marked by the onset of hematuria, most often discovered at a late stage, hence the interest in raising awareness against tobacco poisoning with the development of screening methods, in order to ensure better therapeutic management of our sick
Measuring academic achievement based on selected exam subjects: The exam scores of medical technologist students
Get PDFBackground : It is necessary to conduct classes effectively for new medical technologist students. To develop effective lectures for university students, academic achievement based on selected exam subjects and the exam scores of medical technology students were analyzed. Methods : This study is a prospective cohort study. This study focused on 99 students who entered university in 2015 as medical technology students, and the exam results of the 99 students over four years were analyzed. We examined the following: 1) The subjects selected for the university entrance exam; 2) the grades from all four years of university; 3) the graduation exam results at the end of the senior year; and 4) the medical technology national exam scores. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 22 that included t-tests and a Pearson correlation analysis. Results :The subjects selected for the entrance examination affected the average score of the national exam (which is held in Febrary), and the scores of the graduation test (held before the national exam) and the national exam were highly correlated (r=0.79, p=0.00) Conclusion : Student study support should be provided immediately after enrollment, especially for students who have not taken the biology exam. We identified a high correlation between the scores for the graduation exam, which is held in December of the senior year, and the national exam, which takes place the following February. Those who failed the graduation exam at this university cannot take the national exam, which is required for the students to be able to graduate
Highlighting the achievements of the fourth International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies
Get PDFThis is an editorial reporting the fourth International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies ICHSMT. After the success of three versions of the international congress ICHSMT, The fourth congress was established from 5 to 7 December 2019 at Tlemcen, Algeria. With the cooperation of University of Tlemcen, Knowledge Kingdom Publishing and other partners, the congress attracted an important number of researchers from several domains and affiliations. Aiming to contributing the scientific progress and the promotion of the community of health sciences and medical technologies. The congress was established virtually and in-person which challenged the political and technical problems. 
Clinical interests of the study of adaptive oxidative /nitrosative stress in breast and ovarian cancer before and under chemotherapy– A case control Study-
Get PDFBackground: Breast and ovarian cancer are most common female cancer in Algeria in terms of incidence and mortality. Cancer cells are exposed to higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) whose levels support death evasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Less interest has been given to changes ROS homeostasis in cancer therapy. In this study, we investigate redox homeostasis before and after treatment (BT, AT), to determine detrimental or beneficial outcomes in cancer therapy.
Methods: Cancer patients were recruited at the Hospital of Maghnia with the engaging of healthy controls. Serum biochemical parameters and oxidant/antioxidant markers were determined.
Results:Our findings showed oxidative stress (OS) reflected by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl proteins (CP), superoxide anion (O2-), nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) levels and a decrease in vitamins C and glutathione (GSH), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in cancer patients BT. After treatment (AT), levels of MDA, CP, O2-, NO , ONOO- were maintained high and/or increase vis-à-vis patients BT. The lowered activities of SOD, catalase and GHS level BT, heightened in cancer cases AT. Cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid levels were increased in BC. Uric acid levels were markedly reduced in OC patients. HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in both cancer patients.
Conclusion: Metabolic perturbations occurred with oxidative stress which highlights an adaptive appearance vis-à-vis of treatments. As a double-edged sword, redox-signalling markers may represent a crucial point and could be the future targets for anticancer drug research.
 
Detection of Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Medical Devices at the University Hospital of Tlemcen, Algeria
Get PDFBackground: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. This germ is responsible for acute and chronic infections, most of which are due to its ability to adhere to medical implants and form a biofilm. The objective of this work is to study the interaction between clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae and abiotic surfaces (medical devices) and some factors influencing biofilm formation.
Methods: Over a period of 2 years, 115 strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated from medical devices CHU Tlemcen, most of which had a high level of resistance to cephalosporins 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation. Their capacity to form biofilm was assessed using two 3 techniques: TCP, TP, and RCA. We determined in vitro the effects of three antimicrobial agents against planktonic and biofilm forms of K. pneumoniae. The presence of MrkD genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: According to the studied (TCP, TP, RCA) strains of K .pneumoniae isolated from urinary catheters have proved very good, forming the biofilm to those isolated from other medical devices. 24 of 115 isolated strains showed a clear difference in antibiotic susceptibility between planktonic populations and biofilm populations. They were 10-20 times higher. All strains presented a highly hydrophilic character and adhesion 2-10 times greater in PVC with respect to glass support. The MrkD gene (detected by PCR) responsible for biofilm formation was found in 22 strains of K. pneumoniae, which may explain their adhesion and therefore their pathogenicity.
Conclusion: Our results show the great ability of K.pneumoniae strains to form a biofilm on medical devices, and the isolates were at least 10 times more resistant than their planktonic counterparts. In addition, we showed that the presence of type 3-encoding gene mrkD was associated with high adhesion indexes
Study of the Biological Activities of the Seeds of the Plant Ceratonia Siliqua L. Recovered in the Bejaia Region
Get PDFBackground: Ceratonia siliqua is a plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is frequently used in our culinary and medical traditions to fight cholesterol, acute diarrhea and digestive disorders.
Methods: The hydrogen atom or electron donation abilities of the corresponding extracts and some pure compounds were measured from the bleaching of the purple-colored methanol solution of 2, 20-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), studying the anti-inflammatory effect by measuring the volume of the edema of the paw that has received carrageenan 1%. Antimicrobial activity in vitro was screened by using disc diffusion and micro-dilution methods.
Results: The determination of the polyphenols of the methanolic extracts of the seeds reveals the richness of our extracts in polyphenols is 30 mg of gallic acid / g of extract. The aqueous and methanolic extract flavonoid assay shows that they contain high levels of flavonoids with contents of 07 and 10 mg equivalent of quercetin / g of extract respectively. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Ceratonia siliqua seeds from the Bejaia region could bring the stable free radical 2.2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to yellow-colored diphenylpicrylhydrazine with respective IC 50 values of 0.7 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml. They exhibit lower antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid (0.038 μg / ml). Determination of anti-inflammatory activity revealed that our aqueous and methanolic extracts of Ceratonia siliqua L seeds are able to reduce edema up to 81.89%. The methanoid extracts of Ceratonia siliqua L. seeds have a medium antibacterial action against bacteria: E. coli (13 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (12 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 mm). On the other hand, the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Ceratonia siliqua L have a weak antibacterial action against the same bacteria with a diameter of inhibition of 9 mm. However, the aqueous extracts of Ceratonia siliqua L seeds are endowed with a very important inhibitory action against candida albicans and it is similar to that of the antibiotic, antifungal Econazole (1%).
Conclusion: According to the results observed, the two extracts of the seeds and pods have a potential anti-free radical and antioxidant measured compared to the standard antioxidant used. The results of the antimicrobial activity carried out in vitro on the 3 bacterial strains indicate that the two methanolic extracts of this plant have low antibacterial activity
Kidney Sensitivity to the Non-Toxic Fraction F1 in Physiological and Non-Physiological State
Get PDFBackground: Scorpion venom contains several bioactive components that could be useful in therapeutic.
Methods: In this study, the effects of the repeated administration of the nontoxic fraction of Androctonus australis hector (Aah) venom after carcinogenesis induced by N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) were investigated on rats. Metabolic parameters and oxidative stress markers were evaluated in sera and kidney.
Results: The obtained result revealed that DEN had disturbed the metabolic activities (an increase of transaminases and LDH activities) and had led to oxidative stress (a significant increase of NO and MDA levels and depletion of GSH rate) compared to the control. However, repeated injection of F1 shows a kind of modulatory effect on metabolism and oxidative stress. It shows a variable effect on metabolic markers (turn ASAT activity to normal level, recovered ALAT, and activities). A decrease of MDA level in sera and kidney and noticed an increase of GSH level in the kidney were observed.
Conclusion: F1 fraction purified from Aah venom contains many bioactive components. These biomolecules lead to enzymatic activity changes and to modulate oxidative stress in the kidney in normal and carcinogenic model. These changes seem to be beneficial in the pathological case
Study of the Anti-Inflammatory and Healing Properties of the Rhizomes of Carthamus Caeruleus L. (Asteraceae) Harvested in the Region of Tipaza
Get PDFBackground: In some regions of Algeria, in Tipaza, natural medicine still occupies a place of choice in the treatment of many pathologies, among these natural remedies are quoted extracts of the rhizomes of Carthamus caeruleus L are used to treat burns with these astringent properties. Medicinal plant extracts contain a variety of phenolic compounds that are attributed to various biological activities (antioxidant and antimicrobial activity).
Methods: Our present study was conducted on the roots of Carthamus caeruleus L. harvested in the Tipaza region during the spring season. In order to promote this plant, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity and healing activity of the aqueous extract of the powder of the roots of Carthamus caereulus L. Studying the anti-inflammatory effect by measuring the volume of the edema of the paw that has received carrageenan 1%. Circular incision of 2 cm in diameter was made in Wistar rats to evaluate the healing activity of the aqueous pasty extract of the rhizomes of Carthamus caeruleus L at 100 mg/kg.
Results: They show that aqueous extracts of Carthamus caeruleus L rhizomes at the dose of 100 mg/kg are opposed to the increased edema induced by the carrageenan 1% in rats with a percentage of inhibition of edema volume of 87.34% at the 6th hour. Concerning the healing activity, the results show that the application of the aqueous extracts of the roots of Carthamus caereulus L.at dose of 100 mg/kg on the wounds causes their healing at the end of 14 days.
Conclusion: Aqueous extracts of the roots of Carthamus caereulus L. show healing properties and anti-inflammatory effects. These results could justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine against inflammatory diseases
The Axis “Human Papillomavirus - Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma”: A Review
Get PDFBackground: Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ASCC) is an infrequent neoplasia that represents 2% of the digestive tumors and it has a growing incidence.
Objective: This investigation (i) studies the pathogenesis of an increasingly prevalent disease, (ii) its treatment and prognosis along with (iii) a bibliographical review of the main characteristics of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) as well as its effects on humans.
Methods: A literature review is performed, comprising articles up to 2019 and cross-research manuscripts with the initial research.
Results: Several studies demonstrate the HPV role as a significant risk factor to the development of ASCC, as well as its higher incidence in HIV-positive individuals and in those who engage in receptive anal intercourse. Future trends in theragnostic using information technology are examined.
Conclusions: ASCC is a neoplasm mostly associated with HPV. Many studies are needed to improve the treatment as well as in the evaluation of the tumor characteristics