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The Attitudes and Perspectives of Laboratory Professionals on the Use of Machine Learning Combined with MALDI for Viral Identification: A Qualitative Study
Full text linkThe use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) with machine learning (ML) has been proposed by numerous studies as a novel approach for viral identification. However, the development and implementation of this instrumentation is still in its early stages, and laboratory professionals\u27 perspectives on its feasibility, accuracy, implementation, and effect on current laboratory operating procedures remain underexplored.
This study aimed to investigate laboratory professionals’ attitudes and opinions regarding the use of MALDI-TOF-MS coupled with machine learning for viral identification, focusing on perceived benefits, barriers, and factors that would affect participants’ opinions on implementation.
A qualitative descriptive research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with laboratory professionals. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and through online private groups. Data was analyzed by categorizing codes under predetermined research aims and then further organized into categories and subcategories. Findings were quantified by reporting how many participants identified each category and subcategory, and participant quotes were included to provide deeper insights.
Results were organized as the Aim that the Category falls within, the Category, and respective Subcategories. Within Aim 1 two categories were identified: Attitudes (5 participants were coded as Positive and 1 as Negative) and Considering/Questioning Feasibility. Under Aim 2 four categories were identified: Standardization/Regulation, Training, Cost/Funding, and Workflow. Within Aim 3 only one category was identified: Domain/Area of Implementation. However, some additional trends of predictions were also identified within Aim 3. Each category also has respective subcategories identified.
This study identifies key attitudes and perspectives of lab professionals on implementing MALDI-TOF MS and machine learning in viral diagnostics. While this instrumentation holds potential, challenges related to development, adaptation or current workflow, regulation, and cost must be addressed. This study may be used to guide future research focusing on more expansive data collection methods and quantitative analysis to better understand the perspectives of lab professionals on the using of MALDI coupled with machine learning for viral diagnostics
Echoes of Emotions Through Mindful Music: Impacting Older Adults One Song at a Time
Full text linkMusic has been researched to be a positive impact on older adults with memory loss like dementia. Technology has also made a positive impact for increasing older adult functioning with tasks and communication styles. The paper provides an idea to combat memory decline and cognitive functioning with an app called Mindful Music. The paper describes what Mindful Music is and how it could be beneficial for older adults with dementia. The paper also brings the conversation on stress and struggles throughout memory loss. How music makes the impact on emotions is supplied in the methods and results section. The paper concludes that music can help older adults and supplies the emotions and meanings that come from listening to different songs. Technology provides a way of connection and applies to the solution of declining cognitive diseases. The paper finds that music can not only help restore memories, but the entirety of the quality of life for older adults
The Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Trial Courts
Full text linkArtificial Intelligence has quickly entered the realm of everyday life. Without extensive testing, there have been issues surrounding transparency, accountability, and biased decisions made by Artificial Intelligence decision-making algorithms. When a political institution—such as the courts—uses these types of tools, there is a chance that the negative attributes will impact the institutions and actors using them. The court system relies on legitimacy and public approval to enforce its laws and decisions. This study aimed to determine whether the use of Artificial Intelligence would lead to a decrease in public approval and legitimacy of the courts, as well as diminish perceptions of procedural fairness. Employing a survey experiment deployed to 519 nationally representative respondents through Prolific, a vignette discussing a hypothetical judge using an AI sentencing tool causes a significant decrease in public approval relative to a hypothetical judge who did not employ AI. The AI treatment also decreased some evaluations of court legitimacy and perceptions of procedural fairness. This study has important implications for understanding the impact of technological developments on political institutions and the potential toxicity of Artificial Intelligence
Advancement of Wrongful Conviction Prevention Strategies in Forensic Science
Full text linkThe National Registry of Exonerations (NRE) has identified 1,051 of its logged cases to involve forensic evidence in some way, nearly one-third of the total 3,600 exonerations in its database. Analysis of the NRE and Innocence Project databases revealed the most common factors in forensic-related wrongful convictions: expert testimony, flawed methodologies (most of which are no longer in use), and statistical misinterpretations of results. The majority of scholars agree that oversight in forensic casework must be improved in order to meaningfully resolve issues. Creation of commissions in each state would address all of the identified errors, though not a catch-all solution.. Commissions would be able to review casework as it is performed, perform audits of potential wrongful conviction cases, address testimony errors by providing guidelines like the federal Uniform Language for Testimony and Reports in each state, and conduct research studies on methodological problems like the use of appropriate statistical methods in serological and DNA testing. Commissions could also reduce the time between conviction and exoneration in wrongful conviction cases, benefiting countless individuals and their loved ones
2025-06-26 Quiet Quitting, Response Formats, and Workplace Boredom, Oh My! A Brief Overview of Current Research Projects
No full textDr. Truit W. Gray discussed three working projects: The first examines quiet quitting. In this work, we suggest the current foundation for quiet quitting research is shaky. We conduct four studies to develop a definition and measure of quiet quitting that do not conflate quiet quitting with alternative constructs. We then incorporate a psychological contracts perspective with organizational justice and job characteristics theories to understand the antecedents and outcomes of quiet quitting. In the second project, we consider an often-overlooked piece of measurement, the response format (for example, disagree to agree, never to often, none to a large amount, etc.) and argue that without adequately considering the response format construct validity may be threatened. In short, the selection of response format should be driven by construct conceptualization as well as the research question of interest. We support our stance both logically and empirically. Lastly, we conduct an integrative review of workplace boredom. We suggest that boredom is a topic that is often discussed in practice, yet largely overlooked within organizational scholarship. We hope to lay the foundation for future organizational research to build upon.https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/dodc_symposiums/1025/thumbnail.jp
I\u27m Okay Being Square in a Round Hole: A Black Feminist Autoethnography Traversing Workplace Oppression, Sense of Self, and Resistance
Full text linkAlthough Black women are an important part of the U.S. workforce, they continue to experience discrimination at the workplace. Prior research has examined Black women workers’ resilience and strength (e.g., Allen, 2020; Ross et al., 2020; Woods-Giscombe et al., 2023). Researchers also have explored different types of institutional and interpersonal discrimination that have harmed Black women---especially those with white collar jobs (e.g., Bloch et al., 2021; Patton, 2010; Weiner et al., 2019). However, more research is needed on how discrimination at blue-collar workplaces can affect Black women’s intrapersonal communication, self-concept, and co-cultural communication. In this project, I explore the intersectional oppressive structures Black women face in the workplace and how they respond using different communication approaches. I use a Black feminist autoethnographic approach to collect and analyze my data. Drawing from co-cultural theory (Orbe & Roberts, 2012) and dominant group theory (Razzante, 2018), I aim to identify the types of discrimination I experienced at a blue-collar workplace, how the interpersonal messages received from dominant group members affected my intrapersonal communication and self-concept, and what communication approaches I utilized to respond to or resist the oppressive messages I received. Findings from this research project provide further support for and extend co-cultural theory and dominant group theory. In addition, I provide recommendations for improving workplace policies and interpersonal communication in ways that support Black women and affirm intersectional identities
The Spoon in the Sand: Cripping the Adventure Narrative to Reclaim Autonomy
Full text linkDisabled and chronically ill adventure travel - and the digital storytelling that accompanies it - can act as both a deeply personal and a political statement that resides at the intersection of empowerment, rebellion, and performative pressure. Platforms like Instagram amplify the narrative of overcoming, while shifting perceptions of what disabled adventure looks like. These narratives simultaneously have the potential to challenge stereotypes or reinforce unrealistic expectations of disabled bodies. This paper explores the value of adventure and its portrayal as a means of asserting independence, pushing limits, and reclaiming agency in an ableist world
Teaching Swimming to Children with Disabilities: A Qualitative Analysis of Swim InstructorsTea
No full textWhen teaching children with disabilities, swim instructors need to be able to assess the unique strengths and needs of each child to determine modifications needed to instruction, equipment, and the setting and then be flexible enough to make changes in real-time to ensure success for the child. Unfortunately, many swim instructors only work seasonally and have the occasional child with a disability, and as a result are likely to have limited training and experiences with children with disabilities. The purpose of this pilot qualitative study is to examine backgrounds, training, and experiences of six swim instructors who work with children with disabilities. Through individual interviews, our goal was to learn how these swim instructors learn about, instruct, and accommodate students with disabilities in their swim clubs. Three main themes were gleaned from the data. These included: (1) “limited formal training and learning on the job,” (2) “learning about the child/parents can be very helpful,” and (3) “not that different from teaching children without disabilities.” Each theme is presented with quotes to support findings, and the paper concludes with a discussion of each theme and implications for swim instructors who work with children with disabilities
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