Portal de Periódicos da UFRPE (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco)
Not a member yet
3095 research outputs found
Sort by
Efficiency in water and nutrient use in treated wastewater for three horticultural crops
Get PDFIrrigated agriculture aims primarily at maximizing crop productivity. One way to achieve this goal is through the use of treated wastewater (TWW). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the productivity of lettuce, beet, and radish irrigated with wastewater treated by a septic tank system (SODIS + 125 mg.L-1 H2O2) (TWWS) and constructed wetlands (TWWCW); calculate the amounts of macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) supplied through irrigation; and assess the effect of irrigation with TWWS and TWWCW on water use efficiency. The experiment was conducted in field conditions at the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences - UNESP, Botucatu, SP. Lettuce and beet productivity was higher when cultivated with TWWCW compared to TWWS. For radish, productivity was higher with TWWS compared to TWWCW. Regarding nutrient input from TWWS and TWWCW, they partially met the nutritional needs of the vegetables. For lettuce and radish, the highest Water Use Efficiency – Irrigation (WUEI) and Water Use Efficiency – Irrigation + Precipitation (WUEIP) values were obtained through irrigation with TWWS. In beet, the highest WUEI and WUEIP values were obtained through irrigation with TWWCW.Irrigated agriculture primarily aims to maximizing crop productivity. One way to achieve this goal is through the use of treated wastewater (TWW). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the productivity of lettuce, beet, and radish irrigated with wastewater treated by a septic tank system (SODIS + 125 mg.L-1 H2O2) (TWWS) and constructed wetlands (TWWCW); calculate the amounts of macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) supplied through irrigation; and assess the effect of irrigation with TWWS and TWWCW on water use efficiency. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences - UNESP, Botucatu, SP. Lettuce and beet productivity was higher when cultivated with TWWCW compared to TWWS, showing an increase of 8.5% (75% TWWCW) and 30.8% (100% TWWCW), respectively. For radish, productivity was higher with TWWS compared to TWWCW, providing an increase of 19.7% (50% TWWS). Regarding nutrient input from TWWS and TWWCW, they partially met the nutritional needs, supplying more than 70% of the nitrogen demand of the vegetables. For lettuce and radish, the highest Water Use Efficiency – Irrigation (WUEI) and Water Use Efficiency – Irrigation + Precipitation (WUEIP) values were obtained through irrigation with TWWS, providing a minimum increase of 15% in the final productivity of the vegetables. In beet, the highest WUEI and WUEIP values were obtained through irrigation with TWWCW, providing a minimum increase of 50% in the final productivity
ACADEMIA E O CHÃO DA ESCOLA: APRENDER E O FAZER DE FORMA INDISSOCIÁVEL
Get PDFThis work aims to provide an explanation of the theory acquired in academia and practice on the school floor, in addition to a description of how the subject Fundamentals and Methodologies in Teaching Arts II (FMEA II), from the Pedagogy Degree course at the Federal University of Agreste de Pernambuco, has impacted the private lives of the students. To better understand the subject studied, we referenced scholars who offer important reflections, including Almeida; Miranda (2015), Freire (1996; 2020), Pimenta; Lima (2004) and Miranda (2009). For this study, we will use action research with a qualitative approach and content analysis, seeking to interpret scholars\u27 perspectives on the proposed theme, in addition to analyzing the lesson plan of the discipline and its gradual importance for classroom practice. This study highlights the significant contributions that the academic classroom experience has on graduates. However, it is necessary to consider training spaces outside the classroom, as the absorption of theory alone is insufficient for graduates to reach their full potential in the classroom. Therefore, we must seek to bring future teachers into contact with both theory and practice on the school floor.Este trabalho tem como objetivo uma explanação a respeito da teoria adquirida na academia e da prática no chão da escola, além de uma descrição de como a disciplina Fundamentos e Metodologias no Ensino de Artes II (FMEA II), do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia na Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, refletiu na vida particular dos discentes. Para melhor compreensão do assunto estudado, utilizamos estudiosos que nos trazem reflexões importantes, sendo Almeida; Miranda (2015), Freire (1996; 2020), Pimenta; Lima (2004), e Miranda (2009). Utilizaremos para tal estudo a pesquisa-ação de abordagem qualitativa e de análise de conteúdo, buscando realizar uma interpretação dos estudiosos sobre a temática proposta, além de análise referentes ao plano de aula da disciplina e da importância gradual da mesma para a prática em sala de aula. Através desse estudo, é notória a importância as contribuições que a sala de aula no contexto acadêmico tem sobre seus graduandos, contudo é necessário considerar os espaços formativos fora sala de aula, se atentando ainda que a absorção da teoria nas disciplinas ministradas não é suficiente para que o graduando tenha sua plenitude colocada em sala. Deste modo, deve-se buscar levar futuros docentes de encontro à teoria e a prática no chão da escola
Unilateral renal agenesis in greater rhea (Rhea americana Linnaeus, 1758) reared under human care in the potiguar semiarid, Brazil
Get PDFConsidered the largest wild bird in South America, the Greater Rhea is a ratite endowed with great zootechnical value and scientific importance. Understanding the pathologies that may affect these animals is necessary since they are kept in captivity. Thus, seeking effective measures to prevent diseases in livestock is important. The present report aims to describe the first diagnosis of unilateral renal agenesis in Greater Rhea. A male Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) approximately five years old, was euthanized, aiming at the anatomical characterization of the structures that make up the lumbosacral region. Analysis of the coelomic cavity showed the absence of the left kidney and an increase in the volume of the left ureter. The right kidney had normal topography and anatomical structures. Fragments of the right kidney and left ureter were collected, fixed in formaldehyde, and submitted to the inclusion process to obtain histological slides stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The microscopic findings showed no compensatory changes even without the contralateral kidney. The left ureter did not present preserved histological organization. The mucosa was thin due to a large amount of mucoid content in the lumen. In conclusion, unilateral renal agenesis in Greater Rhea is compatible with life. The contralateral kidney is fully functional and can meet the body\u27s demands. In addition, it is important to conduct anatomopathological studies in Greater Rheas under captivity, aiming to expand the understanding of the aspects involved in maintaining this species and the pathologies that affect them.Considered the largest wild bird in South America, the Greater Rhea is a ratite endowed with great zootechnical value and scientific importance. Understanding the pathologies that may affect these animals is necessary since they are kept in captivity. Thus, seeking effective measures to prevent diseases in livestock is important. The present report aims to describe the first diagnosis of unilateral renal agenesis in Greater Rhea. A male Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) approximately five years old, was euthanized, aiming at the anatomical characterization of the structures that make up the lumbosacral region. Analysis of the coelomic cavity showed the absence of the left kidney and an increase in the volume of the left ureter. The right kidney had normal topography and anatomical structures. Fragments of the right kidney and left ureter were collected, fixed in formaldehyde, and submitted to the inclusion process to obtain histological slides stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The microscopic findings showed no compensatory changes even without the contralateral kidney. The left ureter did not present preserved histological organization. The mucosa was thin due to a large amount of mucoid content in the lumen. In conclusion, unilateral renal agenesis in Greater Rhea is compatible with life. The contralateral kidney is fully functional and can meet the body\u27s demands. In addition, it is important to conduct anatomopathological studies in Greater Rheas under captivity, aiming to expand the understanding of the aspects involved in maintaining this species and the pathologies that affect them
Estimating tree aboveground biomass in an Atlantic Forest remnant using different modeling methods
Get PDFThe Atlantic Forest stores vast amounts of aboveground biomass (AGB), yet it is still a challenge to estimate these stocks. We aimed to predict the AGB stock of the largest biodiversity remnant of Serra da Tiririca State Park (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) by comparing the accuracy of generalized linear models (GLM) and random forest (RF) models, using data from field plots, remote sensing, and environmental variables. The plots showed an AGB of 371.12 Mg/ha. The comparison between the modelling methods revealed that the GLM is more accurate, still the RF is also fit to estimate the AGB of the remnant. The most accurate GLM predicted an AGB of 405.31 Mg/ha. We observed that the accuracy of the models improved when all predictor variables were combined. This study allowed us to improve the AGB estimates, and produce an AGB map useful for the management and conservation of the remnantThe Atlantic Forest stores vast amounts of aboveground biomass (AGB), yet estimating these stocks is still challenging. We aimed to predict the AGB stock of the largest biodiversity remnant of Serra da Tiririca State Park (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) by comparing the accuracy of generalized linear models (GLM) and random forest (RF) models. The results derived from field plots showed an AGB of 371 t.ha-1. The comparison between the modeling methods revealed that the GLM is more accurate; still, the RF is also fit to estimate the AGB of the remnant. The most accurate GLM predicted an AGB of 405 t.ha-1. We observed that the accuracy of the models improved when all predictor variables were combined. This study allowed us to improve the AGB estimates and produce an AGB map useful for managing and conserving the remnants
Assessment of finite difference models for water content determination in soils of the semi-arid region of Brazil
Get PDFThe water content in soil and its variation with depth are critical for numerous processes, significantly influencing plant growth, soil mechanics, and physical and chemical properties. In the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, where the Caatinga biome is located, accurate estimation of soil water content is crucial due to severe water scarcity and highly variable precipitation patterns. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of a computational model for predicting soil matric potential and water content. The model solves the Richards’ equation using three finite difference methods: explicit, implicit, and Crank-Nicolson. The methods were applied to three soil textures (sandy loam, silt, and clay), and a preliminary analysis was performed to identify the optimal time (dt) and spatial (dz) steps for achieving relative differences below 1%. The model predicted acceptable behavior for soil matric potential and water content, particularly for sandy loam, which required finer steps (1 second, 1 cm) compared to silt and clay (10 seconds, 5 cm). Two test cases from the literature were used for further validation. Finally, the model was applied to soil textures typical of northeastern Brazil, confirming its ability to capture the dynamics of soil water content in this region. The results highlight the applicability of this computational approach to semi-arid soils, contributing to improved water management and crop production strategies.The water content in soil and its variation with depth are critical for numerous processes, significantly influencing plant growth, soil mechanics, and physical and chemical properties. In the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, where the Caatinga biome is located, accurate estimation of soil water content is crucial due to severe water scarcity and highly variable precipitation patterns. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of a computational model for predicting soil matric potential and water content. The model solves the Richards’ equation using three finite difference methods: explicit, implicit, and Crank-Nicolson. The methods were applied to three soil textures (sandy loam, silt, and clay), and a preliminary analysis was performed to identify the optimal time (dt) and spatial (dz) steps for achieving relative differences below 1%. The model predicted acceptable soil matric potential and water content behavior, particularly for sandy loam, which required finer steps (1 second, 1 cm) compared to silt and clay (10 seconds, 5 cm). Two test cases from the literature were used for further validation. Finally, the model was applied to soil textures typical of northeastern Brazil, confirming its ability to capture the dynamics of soil water content in this region. The results highlight the applicability of this computational approach to semi-arid soils, contributing to improved water management and crop production strategies
Ensino e Aprendizagem de Geometria Molecular: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Get PDFO objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar estudos teóricos e empíricos acerca da aprendizagem de geometria molecular, identificando evidências científicas e possíveis lacunas para direcionar futuras pesquisas. Conduziu-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, analisando-se 46 estudos teóricos e empíricos extraídos de diretórios de busca nacionais e internacionais. Quatro linhas de investigação principais foram identificadas – habilidades espaciais, relação estrutura-propriedade, diagnóstico de erros conceituais, estratégias didáticas – para caracterizar as discussões atuais em torno do tema. As lacunas existentes se relacionam com limitações na abordagem quanto à: (1) relação da questão da visualização em química com o desenvolvimento de habilidades espaciais; (2) identificação de erros conceituais relacionados não só a conceitos de geometria molecular, mas à questão da espacialidade; (3) perspectiva de professores de química acerca do ensino e aprendizagem de geometria molecular. As lacunas apontadas oferecem perspectivas aos leitores para que novas pesquisas sejam conduzidas visando uma melhor compreensão de diferentes aspectos da aprendizagem de geometria molecular
Absorventes Descartáveis versus Coletores Menstruais em um Júri Simulado: Uma Proposta de Atividade e sua Contribuição à Formação
Get PDFEste estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar e discutir a análise crítica de uma atividade desenvolvida por professoras de Química em formação inicial, em duas turmas de uma escola pública estadual. A proposta pedagógica, fundamentada na estratégia do júri simulado, abordou a problemática relacionada ao uso de absorventes descartáveis versus coletores menstruais, com vistas a problematizar e refletir sobre os impactos ambientais desses produtos e promover a normalização da discussão sobre a menstruação com estudantes do contexto escolar. As interlocuções na escola foram registradas e avaliadas a partir de relatórios individuais das licenciandas, os quais constituíram o corpus para a realização da Análise Textual Discursiva. A análise dos diálogos e as reações dos estudantes evidenciaram que eles compreenderam a relevância do tema, reconhecendo os aspectos sociais e ambientais envolvidos na questão discutida. Para as licenciandas, a experiência proporcionou uma maior aproximação com a prática docente, reforçando o papel fundamental de formar cidadãos críticos, capazes de analisar questões socioambientais de maneira integrada e reflexiva. O estudo destaca, portanto, a importância de integrar temas contemporâneos e socialmente relevantes ao ensino de Química, promovendo não apenas o aprendizado de conteúdos científicos, mas também a construção de um olhar crítico sobre as questões que permeiam a sociedade
A Curricularização da Extensão e as Ações no Território: Relato de uma Vivência na Formação de Professores de Química
Get PDFO presente artigo resulta do processo de curricularização da extensão nos cursos de Química (Licenciatura e Bacharelado) da Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF). As ações no território que integram a análise nesse texto se originaram em três projetos de extensão vinculados aos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos envolvidos, por meio da “creditação curricular” que caracteriza a curricularização da extensão. A execução envolveu acadêmicos, professores da graduação, professores e estudantes de uma escola municipal, em que houve a proposição e o desenvolvimento de atividades experimentais investigativas nas aulas de Ciências em turmas do Ensino Fundamental. O território é um bairro da cidade de Passo Fundo, sendo que a Universidade é parceira da rede de ensino do município, bem como de outras entidades presentes nesse local. No território a Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) se faz presente com ações que envolvem os diversos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação. Entende-se que os saberes socializados, a construção de estratégias de ação e a vivência do contexto escolar potencializa de forma significativa a formação de todos os envolvidos. As atividades experimentais propostas e desenvolvidas abarcaram conceitos do currículo escolar, tendo o caráter investigativo, e tem vinculação com disciplinas do currículo da graduação. Os resultados das ações se mostraram relevantes ao proporcionarem novos aprendizados e despertarem o interesse dos estudantes das turmas, contribuindo com a alfabetização científica. Para além disso, a curricularização da extensão possibilitou a inserção de acadêmicos em formação inicial e professores formadores dos cursos de Química no espaço escolar, o que contribuiu para a (re)elaboração de conhecimentos pertinentes à docência
AS LINHAS DA CULTURA: UMA ABORDAGEM TEÓRICO-ETNOGRÁFICA DO OPERARIADO AGRÍCOLA ALENTEJANO DURANTE O ESTADO NOVO PORTUGUÊS
Get PDFEste artigo recorre a uma perspetiva sociológica com o objetivo de reconstruir, analítica e empiricamente, um objeto de estudo muito particular. O artigo responde a este desafio tendo como base uma aproximação etnográfica a um objeto de estudo relativamente desconhecido: os trabalhadores assalariados rurais do Alentejo. Agregando dados qualitativos assentes na análise de conteúdo de poemas e canções populares da região e em testemunhos de antigos operários agrícolas, o artigo busca reconstruir uma trajetória das mobilizações históricas no Alentejo durante o Estado Novo português (1926-1974). O propósito central passou por dar conta da interação entre a esfera cultural, atendendo aos seus dispositivos simbólicos e ideológicos, e o processo de organização e mobilização da referida classe social
Evaluation of coagulants\u27 effectiveness in treating river water during precipitation events: a comparative study with recovered clarifier sludge coagulant
Get PDFEm decorrência do avanço populacional desordenado, a qualidade da água dos mananciais tem decaído, principalmente em eventos pluviométricos, o que torna necessário realizar diversos estudos de tratabilidade. Este estudo buscou avaliar a aplicação de diferentes dosagens do coagulante recuperado do lodo do decantador na remoção de cor aparente, turbidez e pH remanescente, em comparação a outros coagulantes. Inicialmente, foi realizada a recuperação do coagulante presente no lodo por via ácida de uma estação de tratamento de água que utiliza PAC como coagulante. Posteriormente, foram testados os coagulantes PAC, sulfato de alumínio, cloreto férrico e tanino, além do coagulante recuperado, no tratamento por coagulação, floculação e sedimentação da água de um corpo hídrico após um evento pluviométrico, em equipamento Jar Test, testando as dosagens de 10, 40 e 60 mg/L. Os parâmetros avaliados foram cor aparente, turbidez e pH. O coagulante recuperado mostrou uma eficiência equivalente à do coagulante PAC na remoção da cor aparente, especialmente na dosagem de 60 mg/L, alcançando a maior eficiência entre as condições testadas. Além disso, o coagulante recuperado, na dosagem de 60 mg/L, foi tão eficaz quanto os demais coagulantes na mesma dosagem, e o sulfato de alumínio, a 40 mg/L, também mostrou eficiência equivalente, ambas sendo as condições mais eficazes para a remoção de turbidez. O pH das amostras diminuiu com o aumento da concentração de sais de alumínio e ferro como coagulantes, enquanto o uso de tanino vegetal manteve o pH da água tratada estável. Portanto, o coagulante recuperado do lodo do decantador por via ácida é eficaz no tratamento de água bruta com alta cor e turbidez, proporcionando uma aplicação útil para resíduos das ETAs.Due to uncontrolled population growth, the quality of water from water sources has declined, especially during rainfall events, necessitating the conduct of various treatability studies. This study aimed to evaluate the application of different dosages of coagulant recovered from clarifier sludge in the removal of apparent color, turbidity, and residual pH, compared to other coagulants. Initially, the recovery of the coagulant present in the sludge was carried out via acidification from a water treatment plant that uses PAC as a coagulant. Subsequently, PAC, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and tannin coagulants, along with the recovered coagulant, were tested for coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation treatment of water from a water body after a rainfall event, using jar test equipment and testing dosages of 10, 40, and 60 mg/L. The parameters evaluated were apparent color, turbidity, and pH. The recovered coagulant showed efficiency equivalent to PAC in apparent color removal, especially at the dosage of 60 mg/L, achieving the highest efficiency among the tested conditions. Additionally, the recovered coagulant, at the dosage of 60 mg/L, was as effective as other coagulants at the same dosage, and aluminum sulfate, at 40 mg/L, also showed equivalent efficiency, both being the most effective conditions for turbidity removal. The pH of the samples decreased with the increase in aluminum and iron salts concentration as coagulants, while the use of tannin kept the pH of the treated water stable. Therefore, the coagulant recovered from clarifier sludge via acidification is effective in treating raw water with high color and turbidity, providing a useful application for wastewater treatment plant residues