Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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KOMBUCHA A FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGE: REVIEW
Get PDFThe fermented drink of Kombucha offers people an alternative to carbonated drinks. In addition to the unique taste offered, Kombucha tea is highlighted by its antioxidant, hepatoprotective and probiotic properties. Antibacterial and antifungal activities have also been demonstrated. The increased amount of polyphenols, but also the organic acids present in the fermented beverage, has been highlighted in various studies. The bioactive compounds and the properties listed give this drink the status of a functional drink with multiple benefits on the human body
ALMOND SEEDS AND BRAZIL NUTS - FOODS WITH ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL RECOMMENDED FOR PATIENTS WITH PHENYLKETONURIA
Get PDFPhenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive genetic metabolic disease (both alleles are mutant) due to phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency. Enzyme deficiency causes excessive accumulation of phenylalanine in the bloodstream, affecting the central nervous system. Neuropsychiatric disorders and mental retardation can be prevented through an adequate diet, the main nutritional goal being the reduced intake of phenylalanine. Therapeutic intervention is sustained throughout life; it consists of a hygienic diet that aims to limit the intake of phenylalanine. Several studies have shown a decrease in antioxidant capacity in patients with PKU. Almonds (Prunus dulcis) are an important source of vitamin E (α-tocopherol), a fat-soluble vitamin with an antioxidant role. Brazil nuts (Bertolletia excelsa) are among the richest sources of selenium. The literature describes low selenium levels in patients with PKU. These functional foods could be used in the development of a supplement with antioxidant potential
‘THE PURPLE GOLD’ AND THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ITS CULTIVATION IN THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLATEAU AREA ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFWe give the name of ‘The Purple Gold’ to the miraculous lavender plant, after following some analysis and evaluations to consider that it is one of the most important aromatic plants in existence. The review of literature proves that lavender is a shrub whose flower mass has beneficial properties on human health. It contains active substances that give the plant antiseptic, antidepressant, antispasmodic, carminative, healing, digestive and toning properties. That is why it is used as a curative source both internally and externally in traditional alternative medicine. It is therefore important to provide information on the content of these active substances present in the lavender plant and their curative capacity to promote their consumption. Lavender cultivation can be an important source of income for families living in rural areas. The aim of this study is to assess the economic impact of lavender cultivation in the Transylvanian Plateau on rural development. Data from representative case-studies were collected using direct interviews with farmers to establish the economic sustainability of this production in Romania. The study addresses some essential aspects of the bioactive properties of lavender as well as the investment feature in lavender plantations, their establishment, organization and financing in order to investigate the economic impact and profitability of lavender plantations for small and medium accessible farms in rural areas by farmers who do not have a very high capital. The farms are profitable even on small areas of land, and the success of the business depends on an efficient system of capitalization of the production, by processing the lavender flower mass resulting in lavender essential oils and derived products. Based on the representative study cases it was proved that the cultivation and processing of lavender is a sustainable business
POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANTUM L.) SEEDS POWDER APPLICATION IN NEW BAKERY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to obtain digestive biscuits, by valorisations of pomegranate seeds powder. In order to obtain the biscuits, pomegranate seeds were valorised, which is a resulted by-product after pressing the juice out of the fruits. The seeds represent around 20% of the whole fruit, being rich in antioxidants, bioactive compounds, nutrients like protein, lipids, minerals (K, P, Ca), and phenolic compounds. Pomegranate seeds can be used as such or in the form of oil, powder and sprouts. They have therapeutic effects and also contain sugars, pectins and sterols. The powder obtained by grounding the seeds have a pleasant smell, sweet taste, special colour, also retaining its antioxidant capacity. In order to obtain products with good sensory characteristics, there were made two samples one with 15% and one with 30% pomegranate seed powder, the rest of the percentage was represented by wheat flour. The final product is characterized by high vitamin and mineral content having a specific taste and colour
WATERCRESS (NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE R. BR.) CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS AND APPLICATIONS IN FOOD PROCESSING
Get PDFWatercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) is a semi-aquatic plant with well-known implications in humans’ health. Due to its wonderful chemical composition in a wide range of bioactive compounds it could be successfully used in different industries such as medicine, pharmacology, cosmetic and food manufacture. Nowadays, a burgeoning health food consumers’ conception is increasing and consumers are focused to buy healthy and natural products. The present study aimed to emphases the importance of this medicinal plant highlighting its chemical composition, botanical origin and food manufacturing
Alternaria Genus and the Diseases Caused to Agricultural and Horticultural Plants
Get PDFThis work is a bibliographic approach to the historical and most recent taxonomy on Alternaria genus. The genus Alternaria consists largely of species of saprophytic, endophytic and parasitic fungi. The United States Fungal host index ranks the genus Alternaria on the 10th place based on the number of host plants, with over 4,000 species. Govind et al. (2016) tells us that most species of this genus are missing the sexual form, with the exception of a few species, which have, in addition to the anamorphic form, the telemorphic form. With the discovery of several species and due to the superficiality of past research, the inclusion of this genus in the taxonomy has become problematic. At the beginning, the taxonomic classification was performed according to the morphology of the species. This bibliographic approach wants to clarify some of the aspects concerning the old and actual taxonomy ambiguities of Alternaria genus. The method used is consulting the scientific literature. The present reclassification of the species was performed by analysing the DNA of each species in 2013 by Woudenberg et al. and fit the Alternaria species in 25 sections. In 2016 Lawrence et al. added 2 other sections and in 2019 Ghafri et al. forms a new section based on the new species Alternaria omanensis. In conclusion Alternaria genus is now divided in 28 sections, each section contains species that are genetically related. Even though most of the ambiguities have been clarified at present, there are still ambiguities regarding the species within and between sections
A Review: Bacterial Diversity, Physicochemical Factors and Quality of Compost for White Button Mushroom Cultivation
Get PDFComposting is an aerobic biotic decomposition route that is governed by physicochemical and microbiological factors. The importance of bacterial flora throughout composting is well recognized. Though, diversity of the bacterial population during composting may differ with the composting material and nutrients content. Therefore, it is essential to study the different types of bacteria during the composting of various agricultural byproducts. The aim of this review is to evaluate the diversity of bacteria, physicochemical factors and quality of compost for cultivation of Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom) for enhancement of better productivity
Behavior of some Soybean Genotypes to Fertilization in the Climatic Condition of 2019
Get PDFSoybeans (Glycine max L. Merril) is the world’s most important seed legume and she is considered a basic food with a high nutritional value. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of two types of chemical complex fertilizers (NPK 27:13.5:0 and NPK 16:16:16) with four levels of fertilization (unfertilized, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 250 kg/ha) on the main soybean growing stages in 2019. Field experiments were conducted in the soil and climate conditions of the Agricultural Research and Development Station from Turda. The vegetation stages of the studied soybean genotypes were influenced by: atypical climatic conditions of this year and also the type of fertilizer and the fertilization dose. By analyzing the experimental data, it was noted that one genotype had longer growing season (Raluca TD variety: 135-140 days), and three genotypes had shortest growing season (Perla variety: 122-125 days; Carla TD variety: 121-123 days; T-295 line: 121-123 days)
Evaluation of Anthropical Pressures on Community Interest Habitats and Species in Natura 2000 Cold Someș
Get PDFThe list of habitats of community interest within the Natura 2000 site ROSCI0233, as provided in the Natura 2000 standard, comprises 8 habitats of community interest. Two important activities were carried out: identification and inventory of habitats and species and assessment of negative influences that could affect the natural distribution area, the structure and functions. The assessment of the conservation status has highlighted the existence of significant anthropogenic pressures on some habitats (deforestation, land use change), which led to their unfavorable conservation status (habitat 9410, habitat 91D0*, habitat 91E0*, habitat 9110, habitat 9130)
Influence of Different Tillage Systems on Soybean Nodulation and Yield in the Transylvanian Plain Conditions
Get PDFThe paper presents the results of research conducted during 2018-2019, regarding the root nodules formation at soybean, by applying different tillage systems, under the conditions of the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda situated in the Transylvanian Plain.The development of root nodules in soybean differs from one variety to another, the highest value of 103 nodules/plant is recorded in the Onix variety and lower in the Cristina and Felix variety with 66 and 69 nodules respectively. Also at the weight of the nodules/plant it seems to maintain the same trend, the Onix variety (0.86 g) being superior to the other two varieties (Felix 0.83 g, Cristina 0.80 g). The highest soybean average yield was registered at the Cristina variety cultivated in the minimum tillage-chisel (2548 kg/ha) and the lowest yield at the Felix variety in the no tillage (1592 kg/ha)