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Condições de Significação da Obra de Arte: uma leitura de Xavier Rubert de Ventós
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to question the necessary and sufficient conditions of signification of an artwork, according to the contemporary philosopher Xavier Rubert de Ventós (1939-2023). Besides the code of communication, the criteria of creativity, innovation and sensibility are preponderant in this search for an objective definition. For this philosopher, is it sufficient or necessary to explain the artwork according to objective norms? Or is it just the transcendence of these rules that characterizes the aesthetic experience? Rubert de Ventós proposes a phenomenological model in which the main answer lies in intersubjectivity.O propósito deste estudo é o de questionar a condição necessária e suficiente da significação da obra de arte, segundo o pensamento do filósofo contemporâneo Xavier Rubert de Ventós (1939-2023). Verificamos que, além do código de significação, os critérios de criatividade, inovação e sensibilidade são preponderantes nesta busca por uma definição objetiva. Para este pensador, será suficiente, ou necessário, explicar a obra de arte segundo parâmetros objetivos? Ou será, precisamente, a superação destas normas que carateriza a experiência estética? Rubert de Ventós propõe-nos um modelo fenomenológico, no qual é na intersubjetividade que reside a sua resposta essencial
Emmanuel Falque, Spiritualisme et phénoménologie. Le cas Maine de Biran (Paris : PUF, 2024), 310 pp. ISBN : 978-2-13-085913-0
Get PDFConstruindo melhores futuros arquivísticos através do reconhecimento da injustiça epistémica
Get PDFIn 2024 University of Amsterdam’s launched a new research priority area, "Decolonial Futures," which centers on transforming archives, museums, and cultural institutions to address colonial legacies. This article focuses on colonial archives managed by archival institutions. The central question is what forms of injustice are embedded within these archives and how can archival institutions build better archival futures based on the recognition of those injustices. Colonial archives are inherently problematic as knowledge resources, as they primarily reflect the perspectives of colonial authorities, often distorting and silencing the voices of colonized populations. Drawing on Miranda Fricker's concept of epistemic injustice, two main forms of injustice can be identified: hermeneutical injustice and testimonial injustice. Testimonial injustice occurs according to Fricker when a hearer gives "a deflated level of credibility to a speaker’s word", often based on the speaker’s gender or race. Testimonial injustice frequently results from hermeneutical injustice, which involves structural identity prejudice. Fricker defines hermeneutical injustice as "the injustice of having (…) one’s social experience obscured from collective understanding owing to a structural identity prejudice in the collective hermeneutical resource". Using the lens of epistemic injustice offers valuable opportunities to better understand the problematic nature of colonial archives, while also providing archival institutions with guidance on how to avoid perpetuating injustices when creating digital archival spaces. This article shares experiences from a project initiated by the Dutch National Archives to map how representatives from affected communities, as well as those from the academic and heritage sectors, view the necessity and possibilities for archival institutions to engage with these archives in a different, decolonial way, with the aim of creating a more inclusive historical record and better serving communities marginalized by history.Em 2024, a Universidade de Amesterdão lançou uma nova área prioritária de investigação, “Decolonial Futures”, que se centra na transformação de arquivos, museus e instituições culturais para ter em conta os legados coloniais. Este texto foca-se nos arquivos coloniais geridos por instituições arquivísticas. A questão central é identificar quais são as formas de injustiça que estão incorporadas nesses arquivos e como podem as instituições arquivísticas construir melhores futuros arquivísticos com base no reconhecimento dessas injustiças. Os arquivos coloniais são inerentemente problemáticos enquanto recursos de conhecimento, uma vez que antes de mais refletem as perspetivas das autoridades coloniais, distorcendo e silenciando frequentemente as vozes das populações colonizadas. Com base no conceito de injustiça epistémica de Miranda Fricker, podem ser identificadas duas formas principais de injustiça: a injustiça hermenêutica e a injustiça testemunhal. A injustiça testemunhal ocorre, segundo Fricker, quando um ouvinte dá “um nível de credibilidade reduzido à palavra de um orador”, muitas vezes com base no género ou na raça do orador. A injustiça testemunhal resulta frequentemente da injustiça hermenêutica, que envolve preconceitos estruturais de identidade. Fricker define a injustiça hermenêutica como “a injustiça de ter (...) a experiência social de alguém obscurecida da compreensão coletiva devido a um preconceito estrutural de identidade no recurso hermenêutico coletivo”. A utilização da lente da injustiça epistémica oferece oportunidades valiosas para compreender melhor a natureza problemática dos arquivos coloniais, ao mesmo tempo que fornece às instituições arquivísticas orientações sobre como evitar a perpetuação de injustiças ao criar espaços de arquivo digital. Este texto partilha as experiências de um projeto iniciado pelo Arquivo Nacional dos Países Baixos para mapear a forma como os representantes das comunidades afetadas, bem como os dos sectores académico e do património, percebem a necessidade e as possibilidades de as instituições de arquivo se envolverem com estes arquivos de uma forma diferente, decolonial, com o objetivo de criar um registo histórico mais inclusivo e de servir melhor as comunidades marginalizadas pela história
[Recensão a] BERGUA CAVERO, Jorge, Morfología del verbo griego antiguo. Con un compendio de sintaxis verbal, Zaragoza, Prensas de la Universidade de Zaragoza, 2023, 202 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1340-723-4
No full textPercepção de risco de inundação em áreas de reassentamento: o caso do “Moradias Bonilauri” no município de Pinhais (Paraná, Brasil)
Get PDFThis research seeks to evaluate the perception of flood risk in the "Moradias Bonilauri" housing complex, Pinhais municipality (Paraná, southern Brazil), aiming to understand how people resettled from risk areas perceive and deal with natural phenomena. The research uses a qualitative approach, with reflective interviews carried out with leaders of the housing complex. The analyses focus on individual perceptions regarding flood risks and the elements that trigger this phenomenon at two points in time: before and after resettlement. The results indicate that those interviewed recognize the risk of flooding, often ascribing the cause to natural factors and the lack of action by public authorities. They also notice the latter’s involvement in the phenomenon, such as inadequate waste disposal. Therefore, the study highlights the complexity of risk perception, influenced as it is by individual experiences and social context, so that awareness about occupation and flooding appears to occur after resettlement, thus indicating the need for strategies to reduce impacts on the community.Esta pesquisa busca avaliar a percepção de risco de inundações no Conjunto Habitacional "Moradias Bonilauri", município de Pinhais (Paraná, sul do Brasil), visando compreender como pessoas reassentadas de áreas de risco percebem e lidam com os fenômenos naturais. A pesquisa utiliza abordagem qualitativa, com entrevistas reflexivas realizadas junto a lideranças do conjunto habitacional. As análises enfocam as percepções individuais em relação aos riscos de inundações e os elementos deflagradores desse fenômeno em dois momentos: antes e depois do reassentamento. Os resultados indicam que os entrevistados reconhecem o risco de inundação, muitas vezes atribuindo a causa a fatores naturais e à falta de ação do poder público. Também percebem sua interferência no fenômeno, como o descarte inadequado de resíduos. Portanto, o estudo destaca a complexidade da percepção de risco, influenciada por experiências individuais e contexto social, de modo que a conscientização sobre a ocupação e inundações parece ocorrer após o reassentamento, indicando a necessidade de estratégias para reduzir os impactos na comunidade
Paradigm and method in Plato’s Statesman
Get PDFThe Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.”The Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.”The Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.”The Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.”The Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.”The Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.”The Statesman is unique in the particular emphasis it places on paradigm: crafting and presenting two distinct paradigms, in great detail and at some length, but also turning to define and explain paradigm itself as a method that can help us progress from what is familiar to us from perception and experience, to what is unfamiliar and may “exist” only in the realm of ideas and thinking. In this paper I wish first to examine the Stranger’s explanation of paradigm, to see what it is and how it functions. Then, I wish to examine in turn the two paradigms the Stranger offers, the myth and the account of weaving: to see whether and how they fit his explanation of what a paradigm is; to explore how the Stranger employs each in his search for the being and the definition of the statesman; and to consider what each paradigm helps disclose that we might not have as easily discovered without them. The final question will be: what does the Statesman’s highlighting of the being and use of paradigm have to teach us about how we might advance toward knowledge of “the greater things.
“Acho que já soube, mas agora já não sei”: A substituição da História da Real Fabrica das Sedas e as Anexas (1734-2025)
Get PDFThe project examines the past and present of the “Real Fábrica das Sedas e as Anexas” (1734-1833), a factory situated in the Street of Escola Politécnica, in Lisbon. Studying its History and the present, I aim to understand how the local community perceives the complex and its remnants. I contend that the factual History of the RFSA was replaced by a series of multiple micro-narratives, which have created alternative histories of the complex. I intend to prove my argument by utilizing both historiographic sources and participant observation. Combining methods derived from History and Anthropology, it is possible to observe a rift between the institution’s history, studied by academics, and the one known by the community and the Lisbon City Council. Furthermore, I conclude by exploring actions that both the population and Lisbon City Council can take to value the industrial patrimony.O estudo examina a Real Fábrica das Sedas e as Anexas (1734-1833) localizada na Rua da Escola Politécnica, em Lisboa. Debruçando sobre a sua história, procuro entender como o complexo é atualmente entendido pelos lojistas da sua “carcaça”. Argumenta-se que a história factual foi substituída por uma série de micronarrativas que produzem versões alternativas da história do complexo. Visando comprovar a perspetiva, utilizei a metodologia qualitativa de análise de documentação primária e a metodologia de trabalho de campo e observação participante. Congregando métodos oriundos da História e da Antropologia, é possível observar uma separação entre a história estudada pelos académicos e a conhecida pela população e pela Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. Concluo explorando ações que a população e a Câmara Municipal de Lisboa devem tomar para valorizar o Património Industrial
Contra a “liberdade dirigida” do PCP: o discurso anticomunista nos debates da Assembleia Constituinte no “Verão Quente” de 1975
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to identify the key lines of anti-communist argumentation in the political discourse of the members of the Constituent Assembly during the so-called “Hot Summer” of 1975. At a time when the revolutionary process was strongly felt by large sections of portuguese society, the climate of political and ideological struggle went beyond demonstrations, rallies and slogans and was clear in the Constituent Assembly. At the same time as the country's future democratic constitution was being prepared, an argumentative device was being established to fight the PCP, whose origins were to be found in all the parties, except for the MDP/CDE. Based on the concepts of anti-communism and political discourse, we will analyse the way in which these parties systematically discredited the PCP, going beyond simple political opposition.Este artigo tem como principal objetivo identificar as principais linhas de força da argumentação anticomunista presente no discurso político dos deputados da Assembleia Constituinte, durante o designado “Verão Quente” de 1975. Tendo sido um período em que o processo revolucionário foi vivido com intensidade por largos setores da sociedade portuguesa, o clima de combate político e ideológico ultrapassou as manifestações, os comícios e as palavras de ordem, tendo-se instalado de forma evidente na Constituinte. Ao mesmo tempo que se preparava a futura Constituição democrática do país, estabelecia-se um dispositivo argumentativo de combate ao PCP, cuja proveniência se encontrava em todos os partidos, à exceção do MDP/CDE. Partindo dos conceitos de anticomunismo e discurso político, analisaremos o modo através do qual estes partidos encetaram uma sistemática descredibilização do PCP, ultrapassando a simples oposição política.  
A “revolução ponderada” ou a representação do 25 de Abril no romance Schwerenöter (1987) de Hanns-Josef Ortheil
Get PDFAt a time when the 50th anniversary of the 25th of April is still being celebrated, it seems appropriate to revive the memory of the reception of such a relevant historical event in German literature. Consequently, this study revisits the novel Schwerenöter (1987), by Hanns-Josef Ortheil, one of the German literary works with a most significant focus on the image of Lisbon and Portugal. The study will analyze the fundamental aspects of the historical-fictional representation of the Carnation Revolution, which is perceived by the narrator and protagonist with utopian contours when he experiences in the Portuguese capital a particularly captivating phase of his long and troubled formative career as an artist and representative of the conditio germaniae.No momento em que decorrem ainda as comemorações dos 50 anos do 25 de Abril parece-me oportuno reavivar a memória também no que respeita à receção de tão relevante acontecimento histórico na literatura de expressão alemã. Consequentemente, o presente estudo revisita o romance Schwerenöter (1987), de Hanns-Josef Ortheil, uma das obras literárias alemãs que concede um espaço mais significativo à imagem de Lisboa e de Portugal. Estarão em análise os aspetos fundamentais da representação histórico-ficcional da Revolução dos Cravos, a qual é percecionada pelo narrador e protagonista com contornos utópicos quando vive na capital portuguesa uma fase particularmente cativante do seu longo e atribulado percurso formativo enquanto artista e representante da conditio germaniae
Dois anos de vida com o Cartório das Propriedades: Fontes judiciais do ambiente construído de Lisboa do século XVIII e inícios do século XIX
Get PDFThis article highlights the documentary importance of court records, not so much through the individual and specific information contained in each case, but rather through a serial reading and analysis that is essential to understanding the institutions that produced them. To this end, the study focuses on court records related to construction disputes from the Registry of the Properties Court, a court specific to the city of Lisbon in the early modern period. It also explains why these court records are currently kept in the National Archive Torre do Tombo, in the collection of the Fundo Geral dos Feitos Findos, and how they can be accessed.Neste artigo, realça-se a importância documental dos processos judiciais, não tanto pelas informações individuais e particulares contidas em cada caso, mas sobretudo pela sua leitura e análise serial, imprescindível para compreender as próprias instituições que os produziram. Para esse fim, o estudo incide sobre os processos judiciais relativos a conflitos de construção do Cartório do Juízo das Propriedades, um tribunal específico da cidade de Lisboa no período moderno. É também explicado por que razão esses processos judiciais se encontram atualmente guardados no Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo, dentro do Fundo Geral dos Feitos Findos, e como podem ser acedidos