Jurnal FKIP Universitas Mataram (Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan)
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Peningkatan Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Peserta Didik melalui Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Google Sheets
Get PDFPermasalahan mengenai rendahnya kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik perlu segera diatasi, karena hal ini berkaitan erat dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis serta pemahaman terhadap hubungan antar konsep matematika dan penerapannya dalam menyelesaikan masalah melalui pemodelan matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan Google Sheets. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) selama dua siklus, yang masing-masing terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas XI-5 SMA Negeri Pakusari, Kabupaten Jember. Instrumen pengumpulan data meliputi lembar observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model PBL berbantuan Google Sheets mampu meningkatkan kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik, yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan persentase ketuntasan dari 27,8% pada prasiklus, menjadi 72,2% pada siklus I, dan mencapai 86,1% pada siklus II. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan model PBL berbantuan Google Sheets sebagai strategi pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik, khususnya pada topik-topik yang berkaitan dengan elemen statistika
Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Problem Based Learning Pada Pembelajaran Statistika Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 13 Mataram Tahun Pelajaran 2024/2025.
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model Problem Based Learning pada pembelajaran statistika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 13 Mataram tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan posttest-only control design. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik probability sampling dengan metode cluster random sampling, yaitu kelas VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol (36 siswa) yang menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung, dan kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen (36 siswa) yang menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi guru dan siswa serta soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis (independent sample t-test) dan uji effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai posttest kelas eksperimen (81,64) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol (62,31). Berdasarkan hasil uji-t menggunakan SPSS dengan taraf signifikansi 5%, diperoleh nilai , yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Selain itu, nilai effect size sebesar 1,977 termasuk kategori tinggi, menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PBL memberikan pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model Problem Based Learning pada pembelajaran statistika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 13 Mataram tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan posttest-only control design. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik probabilitas sampling dengan metode cluster random sampling, yaitu kelas VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol (36 siswa) yang menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung, dan kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen (36 siswa) yang menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi guru dan siswa serta soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis (independent sample t-test) dan uji effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai posttest kelas eksperimen (81,64) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol (62,31). Berdasarkan hasil uji-t menggunakan SPSS dengan taraf signifikansi 5%, diperoleh nilai , yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Selain itu, nilai effect size sebesar 1,977 termasuk kategori tinggi, menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PBL memberikan pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa.
 
Analysis of Mercury Heavy Metal Content in Climbing perch fish (Anabas testudineus) from Rawa Taliwang Lake
Get PDFThe heavy metal mercury is at risk of disrupting brain development in children if it accumulates in the human body. The aim of the study was to determine the content of heavy metal mercury (Hg) in Climbing perch fish (Anabas testudineus) originating from Rawa Taliwang Lake to enrich the Ecotoxicology course material. The special benefit is to protect consumers who consume fish from heavy metal contaminants. The research was conducted in Rawa Taliwang Lake, which is in an area submerged in water. There are 2 research stations, namely in the eastern and western parts of the lake. Gill nets were used to catch fish. Fish samples were taken 3 to 4 times at each station. The Fish species taken was the Climbing perch fish (A. testudineus). Furthermore, each fish sample was put into a plastic bag and then stored in a sample box. The research sample was then analyzed at the Environmental Laboratory Center for the West Nusa Tenggara Environment and Forestry Office. The method of data analysis was carried out by taking muscle tissue from fish and then analyzing the content of heavy metals in the form of Hg using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The wet destruction stage in the destruction sample is the process of degradation of organic material samples by utilizing strong acidic liquids, namely HNO3, as a destructive agent. The data obtained are in the form of Pb heavy metal levels in ppm (parts per million). The next stage is that the Pb concentration obtained is processed descriptively and then displayed in table form according to the AAS results. The conclusion of this study is that the heavy metal content of Hg in Climbing perch fish (A. testudineus) originating from Rawa Taliwang Lake to enrich Ecotoxicology course material was <0,0001 ppm
Rethinking Reactivity: How Structure, Energy, and Entropy Drive Chemical Transformations
Get PDFThis work introduces a new way to understand chemical and biological reactivity by connecting molecular structure directly to potential energy and entropy. Moving beyond traditional views, where potential energy is merely “stored energy” and entropy a measure of “disorder”, this structural-thermodynamic framework defines both properties through the lens of constitution, configuration, and conformation. By analyzing diverse mechanisms, including nucleophilic substitutions, eliminations, and cycloadditions, the study shows how structure drives energy storage and release, as well as entropic expansion. The framework highlights how organization increases potential energy while dissociation and flexibility enhance entropy. This structural view not only clarifies the thermodynamic basis of reaction pathways but also offers a predictive model for molecular design in drug development, catalysis, and computational chemistry. By linking structure to thermodynamic behavior, the approach helps students and researchers move from memorization to mechanistic reasoning, providing a unified tool to interpret and anticipate chemical transformations
Molecular Docking and Pharmacoinformatics Study of Bioactive Compounds in Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus L.) as Antidiabetic Agents Targeting α-Glucosidase
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence continues to rise, necessitating safer and more effective therapeutic alternatives. This study aims to explore the potential of active compounds from the calamus plant (Acorus calamus L.) as candidates for α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors using an in silico approach. Pharmacokinetic screening, toxicity prediction, and Lipinski's Rule of Five screening were conducted to assess the pharmacological suitability of the compounds, followed by molecular docking using MOE 2022 software. The results of the study showed that several compounds from the jeringau plant (Acorus calamus L.), such as galgravin and veraguensin, have strong binding affinity to the α-glucosidase enzyme with docking scores of −8.40 kcal/mol and −8.37 kcal/mol, respectively. Pharmacokinetic prediction results indicate that the test compounds have good absorption and meet druglikeness criteria. This study suggests that active compounds from jeringau have potential for development as natural-based antidiabetic agents. However, this research is limited to computational analysis without experimental data support, and compound selection is based on GC-MS results without further isolation or characterization. Further studies through in vitro and in vivo testing, as well as molecular dynamics simulations and ADMET predictions, are required to validate these findings comprehensively
Analysis of BOD, COD and TSS Levels in Domestic Liquid Waste (Greywater) in Households in Bada Village, Dompu Regency
Get PDFWater is a very important part of life because it is used in various daily activities such as drinking, bathing, and washing. In addition, water is also used in other activities such as agriculture, animal husbandry and industry. The cause of water pollution can be caused by waste from domestic (household), industry, agriculture and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of BOD, COD and TSS in Domestic Liquid Waste (Greywater) in Households in Bada Village, Dompu Regency. This study is a Qualitative Descriptive Research with sampling using the Purposive Sampling method. Sampling was carried out at the household waste outlet, with a total of 3 samples. The results of the study showed that domestic liquid waste (Greywater) has a BOD content ranging from 120.9 mg/L to 180.30 mg/L, COD content of 310.50 mg/L to 356.89 mg/L and TSS content of 98 mg/L to 115 mg/L. Based on the results of the study, the levels of BOD, COD and TSS in Domestic Waste (Greywater) in Bada Dompu Village exceed the threshold value permitted based on the Regulation of the Minister of Forestry Number 68 of 2016 concerning domestic wastewater quality standards. It is hoped that the community can process domestic liquid waste (Greywater) first before it enters the environment
Fabrication of Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Nanobentonite and Nano TiO₂ for Tartrazine Analysis by Cyclic Voltammetry
Get PDFTartrazine is a synthetic dye widely used in food products, and its usage needs to be strictly controlled due to potential adverse health effects. One of the methods employed to analyze tartrazine levels is cyclic voltammetry. This study modified carbon paste electrodes by incorporating bentonite and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles to achieve a low detection limit. This research aimed to investigate the effect of the working electrode composition consisting of carbon, bentonite nanoparticles, TiO₂ nanoparticles, and paraffin on the peak current response in the analysis of tartrazine, as well as to determine optimal measurement conditions, namely composition and pH. Bentonite nanoparticles were synthesized using the sonochemical method, while TiO₂ nanoparticles in the anatase phase were obtained commercially. Material characterization was conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The electrode was optimized with a composition ratio 3:4:1:2 (carbon:nanobentonite: nano TiO₂:paraffin), resulting in a cathodic peak current of -5,43 × 10⁻⁵ A. The optimal conditions for tartrazine detection were found to be at pH 7. This study demonstrates the potential of nanomaterial-modified carbon paste electrodes for developing low-cost, sensitive, and eco-friendly electrochemical sensors, which can be applied to monitor synthetic dyes in food safety control rapidly
The Effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning Using PhET Media on Higher-Order Thinking Skills in the Energy Material
Get PDFNatural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning in schools often faces challenges, especially in improving students' higher-order thinking skills. One of the factors that results in low learning outcomes in higher-order thinking skills is the use of learning models that do not involve students fully and actively. Therefore, an innovative and effective learning model is needed, one of which is the contextual teaching learning model using PhET media. This study was conducted to examine the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model using PhET media on energy materials in grade 4 elementary school, and the significant influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model using PhET media on Higher Order Thinking Skills in energy materials in grade 4 elementary school. he method used is a quasi-experimental qualitative design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data in the study were obtained through observation, tests and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study uses observation sheets to see the application of the contextual teaching learning model using PhET media, with a score of 87.5 in the satisfactory category. Descriptive statistical data were obtained; the average pretest score was 44.00. Then, after applying the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model using PhET media, it increased to 90.87. The normality test obtained a pre-test value of 0.057 ˃ 0.05, so the distribution of data in this pretest was distributed normally. As for the post-test, the results of higher-order thinking skills have a value of 0.541 ˃ 0.05 with normal distribution. The hypothesis test uses the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with a Mean Rank of 8.00 and a Sum of Rank of 120.00 with a significance value of 0.000, which means that it is less than the significance level (α) of 0.05, so that H₀ is rejected. This means that there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores. In conclusion, the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model using PhET media has an effect on Higher Order Thinking Skills in energy materials in grade 4 elementary school
Pemulihan Pembelajaran SMP Region Palembang melalui Pelatihan Penguatan Literasi dan Numerasi
Get PDFHasil evaluasi selama pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dapat disimpulkan bahwa program pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu perwujudan dalam pelaksanaan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang telah memberikan manfaat bagi para peserta Pkm yang berasal dari pimpinan sekolah menengah pertama di region kota Palembang yang menjadi sasaran dalam pengabdian ini sebanyak 13 Sekolah (26 peserta). Peserta ini berasal dari kepala dan wakil kepala sekolah. Pelatihan penguatan literasi dan numerasi merupakan bentuk yang efektif untuk memberikan penyegaran dan wawasan baru di bidang pendidikan. Dimana hal tersebut dapat diterima diluar proses pembelajaran di sekolah dan dalam pelaksanaan salah satu program Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi ini, yaitu Pelatihan penguatan Literasi dan Numerasi untuk membantu pemulihan pembelajaran di sekolah. Selama kegiatan ini berlangsung tidak mengalami kendala yang bisa menghambat jalannya proses pelatihan pengabdian masyarakat
Effectiveness of KCL and KNO3 Fertilization on Growth and Results of Two Melon Varieties (Cucumis melo L.)
Get PDFThe demand for fruits in Indonesia continues to increase along with the increase in public consumption. Melon is one of the fruits that requires intensive handling in its cultivation because it is vulnerable to environmental changes and diseases. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of adding KCL and KNO3 fertilizers on the growth and yield of two melon varieties. This study used a non-factor randomized complete block design (RCBD). There were four treatments consisting of a combination of fertilizers and melon varieties, namely P1 (KCL and new madesta varieties), P2 (KNO3 and new madesta varieties), P3 (KNO3 and glamour varieties), P4 (KCL, KNO3 and new madesta varieties), with 6 replications so that there were 24 experimental units. The results showed that P3 treatment gave the best results in stem diameter, number of leaves, early flowering age, fruit weight and fruit diameter. P2 treatment gave the highest average yield on the parameters of fruit flesh thickness and total soluble solids (PTT). P3 treatment has the potential for further research, P3 treatment can fulfill the expected criteria with the highest fruit weight of most treatments. The provision of alternative K sources did not give a real response to melon plants, thus it would be more efficient to use K sources that are more economical in the melon cultivation system carried out