Jurnal FKIP Universitas Mataram (Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan)
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Ethnozoological Study of Malay Tribal Communities in Mersam Village, Batanghari District
Get PDFMersam Village is located in Mersam District, Batanghari Regency, and has many local wisdoms that are still preserved to this day. The Malay tribe, as the indigenous group, is the primary source of local wisdom in this village. This study aims to identify the species of animals used, describe traditional practices, outline community knowledge, and analyze the reasons why the community continues to maintain these utilization activities. The research method employed is a qualitative descriptive approach, which includes stages of preliminary surveys, interviews, participatory and non-participatory observations, and documentation. The selection of informants used purposive sampling techniques for key informants and snowball sampling techniques for general informants. Documentation and identification of samples were conducted in the field. The results of this study indicate that ethnozoology in Mersam Village utilizes 32 animals species. Ethnozoology in Mersam Village related to consumption utilizes five species, which include customary meanings and unique processing methods. Ethnozoology in Mersam Village in terms of medicine utilizes 17 species, based on hereditary knowledge through treatments provided by shamans. Ethnozoology in Mersam Village as a customary tradition utilizes five species, including practices that are only carried out in Mersam Village and must adhere to customary norms. Ethnozoology in Mersam Village as a sign or symbol utilizes 18 species, which are believed to represent good or bad omens. Additionally, there are 11 customary traditions that utilize animals
Vegetation Analysis in the Freshwater Swamp Ecosystem of Tangkas Lake, Muaro Jambi
Get PDFTangkas Lake, a freshwater swamp in Muaro Jambi and Batanghari, is dominated by Homalium sp., but its overall plant diversity remains undocumented. This study inventories plant species as a baseline for conservation. Plant sampling was conducted using transect and plot methods in two locations, Pulau Tepus and Rawa Liontin, over two months. A total of 37 species from 21 families were recorded, with higher diversity in Pulau Tepus (31 species, dominated by Myrtaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, and Euphorbiaceae) compared to Rawa Liontin (6 species, dominated by Homalium sp.). Species diversity indices were moderate in Pulau Tepus but lower in Rawa Liontin. Species richness was highest in Pulau Tepus for tree (4.6) and seedling (4.5) stages, while pole-stage richness was 3.7. Rawa Liontin had low species richness across all stages, with low evenness in both sites. Environmental factors varied, with Pulau Tepus experiencing wider temperature fluctuations (23–30°C), lower light intensity, and sandy loam soils, while Rawa Liontin had a narrower temperature range (25.5–27.3°C), higher light intensity, and similar soil texture. Soil pH ranged from 4.29 to 6.21. These findings highlight the need for conservation, particularly in Rawa Liontin. Further research is needed to support habitat restoration and long-term monitoring
Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch from Extract of Babadotan Leaves
Get PDFThe Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) represents a modality for conveying therapeutic agents across the cutaneous barrieroffering an alternative route to overcome the limitations of oral formulations. This experimental investigation endeavored to formulate and assess a percutaneous patch containing Ageratum conyzoides L. leaf extract, known for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The extract was formulated using HPMC polymer and evaluated through organoleptic tests, pH, thickness, weight uniformity, moisture absorption, and folding endurance. The results showed that the patch was a a membranous disk exhibiting a 5 cm caliber, green in color, with a characteristic herbal odor, smooth, flexible, and non-sticky surface. The hydrogen ion concentration spanned from 6.2 to 6.93, accompanied by a caliper between 0.53–0.57 mm. The patch demonstrated good folding endurance (>200 folds) and moisture content ranging from 17% to 23%. The formulation exhibited good physical stability and met the quality criteria for transdermal preparations. This patch has potential as an effective topical therapy derived from natural ingredients for treating skin infections and inflammation, and supports the utilization of local medicinal plants in the innovation of modern pharmaceutical drug delivery systems
Incidence of Cefixime Resistance in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease at Harapan Keluarga Hospital
Get PDFAntibiotic resistance is an increasing global health challenge, especially in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to investigate cefixime resistance in patients with stage 4-5 CKD at Harapan Keluarga Hospital with a retrospective cohort design using medical record data. Chi-squared test analysis showed a significant association between cefixime resistance and advanced CKD (χ² = 34.714, p = 0.003). The results showed a higher prevalence of cefixime resistance in male patients (60%), antibiotic use of more than 14 days (65%), and hospitalization of more than five days (80%). The mechanism of resistance involves beta-lactamase production and changes in the gut microbiota due to dysbiosis. Factors such as irrational antibiotic use, length of hospital stay, and catheter use contributed to higher resistance. This study highlights the need for evidence-based antibiotic stewardship strategies to reduce resistance, especially in vulnerable populations such as patients with advanced CKD. Scientific implications include the development of more effective infection management strategies, close monitoring of antibiotic use, dose adjustment according to CKD severity, and education of health care workers to increase awareness of antibiotic resistance. This study contributes to efforts to prevent antibiotic resistance in the advanced CKD population
The Knowledge Level of Hypertension Stage 2 Patients at Harapan Keluarga Hospital Regarding Complications in the Form of Aortic Aneurysm
Get PDFHypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular complications, including aortic aneurysms, which can be fatal if left untreated. This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of hypertension, particularly stage 2, and the incidence of aortic aneurysm. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using medical records of 24 patients diagnosed with varying degrees of hypertension and aortic aneurysm at Harapan Keluarga Hospital in December 2024. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test revealed a significant association between hypertension severity and the incidence of aortic aneurysm (p = 0.000), with an odds ratio of 2.001 (95% CI: 2.010–2.229). These findings emphasize the need for enhanced patient education and preventive strategies, particularly among those with hypertension stage 2, to mitigate the risk of aneurysm-related complications
Environmental Monitoring of Coastal Waters in Poja Village, Bima Regency: A Scientific Base for Sustainable Marine Resource Management
Get PDFCoastal waters are essential to both marine ecosystems and the livelihoods of local communities, yet they are increasingly vulnerable to degradation due to anthropogenic activities. This study aims to evaluate the water quality of the coastal waters in Poja Village, Sape District, Bima Regency, to assess the environmental health and the impact of local human activities on marine ecosystems. A descriptive-quantitative approach was employed, with water samples collected from seven locations to analyze physical and chemical parameters, including temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and water visibility. The findings revealed that the water quality remains in a favorable condition, with temperatures ranging from 28.3°C to 30.0°C, pH values between 7.3 and 7.8, and salinity within acceptable standards. Nitrate concentrations were recorded between 5 and 10 ppm, indicating some anthropogenic influence, while ammonia and nitrite were undetectable. In conclusion, the coastal waters of Poja Village exhibit good quality, supporting marine ecosystems and local fishing activities. Regular monitoring is essential to ensure the sustainable management and conservation of marine resources
The Association Between Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Get PDFTympanic membrane perforation and continuous discharge are hallmarks of chronic suppurative otitis media, a chronic inflammation of the middle ear. Through the malfunction of the Eustachian tube brought on by allergic inflammation, allergic rhinitis may contribute to the development of CSOM. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between allergic rhinitis and CSOM, identify common allergens, and assess the association between eosinophil levels and CSOM. A case-control study was conducted at RSUP H. Adam Malik and RS Murni Teguh Medan involving 72 participants: 36 CSOM patients and 36 healthy controls. Skin prick tests (SPT) and eosinophil counts were used to assess allergic status. Statistical analysis used Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test with significance set at p < 0.05. The results showed a significant association between allergic rhinitis and CSOM (p = 0.001; OR = 6.192). Common allergens found in CSOM patients were D. pteronyssinus (66.7%), D. farinae (63.9%), and cockroach (47.2%), with significant associations (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was found between allergic rhinitis and CSOM sides or type (p > 0.05). Elevated eosinophil levels were more common in the CSOM group but were not statistically significant (p = 0.624). In conclusion, allergic rhinitis is significantly associated with CSOM. Allergen screening is recommended for CSOM patients to improve diagnosis, treatment, and recurrence prevention
Inventory of Ficus Species in The Bukit Manjai Valley Tropical Rainforest Biodiversity Park Area
Get PDFThe Bukit Manjai Valley Tropical Rainforest Park is home to an abundance of plants that includes a host of Ficus species. The objective of this study was to inventory and descriptively account for the Ficus present in the park. The purposive sampling method was used, where any time we found a Ficus plant, the data collection occurred. Upon finding a Ficus plant, we documented it with photographic evidence and provide scientific identification along with measurements for environmental parameters including air temperature, air humidity (RH), light intensity, soil pH, altitude elevation, soil moisture, and wind speed. The study identified five species of Ficus, specifically, Ficus fistulosa Reinw. Ex Blume, Ficus montana Burm.f., Ficus rosulata C.C.Berg, Ficus uncinata (King) Becc and, Ficus variegata Blume. The study results suggest that the environmental conditions in Bukit Manjai Valley Tropical Rainforest Park, are very conducive for the growth and survival of a variety of Ficus species. This inventory study provides important information to aid the understanding of biodiversity, especially of the Ficus genus, in the tropical rainforest ecosystem of Borneo
Diversity of Species and Morphometrics of Reptiles (Order Squamata) in The Utilization Block of The Kerandangan Tourism Area
Get PDFThis study aims to identify and analyze the diversity of reptiles from the order Squamata in the Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, which has various habitat types, namely garden, secondary forest, riparian, and ecotone, influencing the distribution and adaptation of reptile species. The results showed that 11 species of reptiles from the order Squamata were found, consisting of 7 species of snakes and 4 species of lizards. The diversity, richness, and evenness indices of species varied across each habitat type, with the highest diversity index found in the riparian habitat (H’ = 1.64) and the lowest in the ecotone habitat (H’ = 1.28). The dominance index revealed that Dendrelaphis pictus dominated the ecotone habitat, while Gekko gecko dominated the garden habitat. Morphometric analysis showed variations in body size between species, with the reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) having the largest total length (375 cm) and the snail snake (Pareas carinatus) having the smallest size (47 cm). These results illustrate the adaptation of reptile species to diverse ecological conditions in the Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park. This study is expected to contribute to understanding biodiversity and the importance of reptile habitat conservation in the nature tourism park. Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park, located in West Lombok Regency, has abundant biodiversity, with reptiles from the order Squamata being an important part of its ecosystem. This research is crucial to understanding the diversity, abundance, and distribution of reptiles in the Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park as part of conservation efforts that can provide valuable data and information for managing the area
Literature Review: CRISPR-Cas 9 Genetic Engineering as Breast Cancer Therapy
Get PDFCancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled abnormal cell growth, originating from cancer stem cells. These cells form a side population with stemness properties similar to normal stem cells, have high tumorigenicity, and contribute to the development of cancer. Among all cases, breast cancer is one of the causes of cancer death in women worldwide, estimated to reach 28% of new cancers. The application of one of the genetic engineering techniques in the form of CRISPR / Cas9 which can be used as an alternative choice in optimizing breast cancer therapy. This literature review aims to determine CRISPR-Cas 9 Genetic Engineering as Breast Cancer Therapy. This journal review method is through searching for articles from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords, namely breast cancer therapy, Genetic Engineering, CRISPR / Cas9 Technique. The results obtained show something promising in the use of one of the genetic engineering technologies in the form of the CRISPR / Cas9 technique which is able to weaken or suppress genetic activity related to the continuity of growth and development of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, CRISPR/Cas9 technology shows promising potential in breast cancer therapy with its ability to inhibit the expression of certain genes that contribute to the growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells