Jurnal FKIP Universitas Mataram (Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan)
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Analysis of Insect Communities in Gmelina arborea Plantation of Different Stand Ages in Cibugel, West Java
Get PDFCommunity timber plantation has an essential role as a source for the wood industry. One of the community timber plantations is located in Cibugel, Sumedang Regency, West Java. Lots of Gmelina arborea are planted in this community timber plantation because it does not need specific care and have a short cutting time. However, planting Gmelina in a community timber plantation leads to insect attacks on trees from different age groups, which could decrease wood production. Sustainable insect pest control efforts can be carried out by first understanding the structure of insect communities at different plant ages. Therefore, a study was conducted to compare the diversity of insect communities in plant age groups of 2, 4, and 15 years using the pitfall trap and sticky trap methods, supported by the hand searching method and microclimate data collection. In addition, plant damage caused by insects was also determined by analyzing the absolute and relative damage intensity. The results show that the dominant insect community in Gmelina age groups 2 and 15 years is Formicidae, which are generally classified as predators. Meanwhile, in the 4-year age group, the insect community was dominated by insects classified as herbivores, pests of G. arborea plants. These results align with the highest level of plant damage, namely in the 4-year age group
Implementation of the 5E Model Integrated STEM-EDP to Enhance High School Students' Creative Problem-Solving Ability
Get PDFThe improvement of Creative Problem-Solving (CPS) ability in physics learning still needs to be enhanced to prepare students for the challenges of the 21st century. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing the 5E model integrated with STEM-EDP on high school students' CPS ability in the topic of Renewable Energy. This research was conducted at SMA Islam Global Surya using a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of class X-1 as the experimental group and class X-2 as the control group. The research instrument used was essay-type questions. The implementation of the 5E model integrated with STEM-EDP was found to be effective in improving students' Creative Problem-Solving ability. This is evident from the average N-Gain score of the experimental class, which was 0.56, higher than the control class with an average N-Gain score of 0.39. Additionally, this finding is supported by the results of the Independent Sample T-Test and Paired Sample T-Test, where the obtained Sig. (2-tailed) value was 0.00 < 0.05. Furthermore, the ANCOVA test results also showed a significance value of 0.00 < 0.05. The effectiveness of implementing the 5E model integrated with STEM-EDP in enhancing high school students' CPS ability in the topic of Renewable Energy falls into the high category, as indicated by the effect size test results, with a partial eta squared (η²) value of 0.434. This improvement is based on the Constructivism Theory and Behaviorism Theory, which allows students to build new knowledge by connecting it to prior experiences through interactions involving stimulus and response during the learning process
Enhancing Critical Thinking in Optics through Project-Based STEAM Learning with Visual Simulations
Get PDFOptical material is widely applied in everyday technology but remains difficult for students to grasp due to its abstract nature. This challenge is linked to students’ low critical thinking skills—an essential 21st-century competence. This study aims to enhance students' critical thinking on optical topics through the integration of project-based learning with a STEAM approach and visual simulation media (PjBL-STEAM-MSV). A mixed-method design with an untreated control group and pretest-posttest was employed. The participants were 54 students from SMAN 1 Woha, NTB, Indonesia, divided into an experimental group (PjBL-STEAM-MSV) and a control group (conventional instruction). Data collection used a critical thinking essay test (5 items, reliability = 0.636) and interview guidelines. Quantitative data were analyzed using t-tests, N-gain, and effect size; qualitative data through reduction, coding, and interpretation. Results indicated that PjBL-STEAM-MSV significantly improved students’ critical thinking in optics (α = 0.01). The experimental group's N-gain score was 0.48 (moderate), higher than the control group’s 0.20 (low). The most notable improvements in the experimental group were in evaluation and explanation, while in the control group, gains were limited to analysis and explanation. Experimental group students struggled with explanation during presentations due to time constraints, whereas the control group showed difficulty across most indicators due to a focus on rote learning. Interviews revealed that experimental group students experienced more active, interactive, and structured learning. This aligns with the high effect size of 1.7. Further research should explore media development and sustained student mentoring to maximize outcomes
Pelatihan Analisis Kebahasaan Teks Cerita Sejarah bagi Siswa SMAN 3 Kaur melalui Pembelajaran Kolaboratif
Get PDFPelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai cara menganalisis teks secara sistematis, serta membekali siswa dengan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan untuk mengidentifikasi unsur-unsur kebahasaan dalam teks cerita sejarah. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 3 Kaur, Desa TJ.Iman Kcematan Kaur Tengah, Kabupaten Kaur. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada 21- 30 Agustus 2024. Kegiatan peltihan dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu persiapan, pengenalan materi, pelaksanaan program, dan ang terakhir yaitu refleksi dan evaluasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah pembelajaran kolaboratif menunjukkan hasil yang menggembirakan. Siswa tidak hanya akan meningkatkan kemampuan analitis mereka tetapi juga akan memiliki pengalaman belajar yang lebih menyenangkan jika metode yang tepat digunakan. Ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi sejarah dan bahasa, serta pendekatan pembelajaran interaktif, dapat sangat membantu siswa
Pemberdayaan Ibu PKK di Lorong Mubarok 18 Ilir dalam Mengolah Limbah Minyak Jelantah dan Memanfaatkan Sampah Plastik Guna Mengurangi Pencemaran Lingkungan
Get PDFPeningkatan limbah rumah tangga seperti minyak jelantah dan sampah plastik menjadi ancaman serius bagi kelestarian lingkungan jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Di Lorong Mubarok 18 Ilir, banyak warga, khususnya ibu-ibu PKK, menghasilkan limbah dari aktivitas kuliner yang dibuang langsung ke lingkungan tanpa pengolahan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memberdayakan ibu-ibu PKK melalui pelatihan pengolahan minyak jelantah menjadi sabun cuci piring dan lilin aromaterapi, serta pemanfaatan sampah plastik sebagai wadah produk. Metode yang digunakan meliputi sosialisasi, pelatihan praktik, dan pendampingan langsung selama bulan April 2025. Proses dimulai dengan penjernihan minyak menggunakan arang aktif, dilanjutkan pembuatan sabun dan lilin serta pemanfaatan limbah plastik. Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan motivasi dan keterampilan ibu-ibu PKK dalam mengelola limbah, terbukti dari partisipasi aktif dan ketertarikan dalam mengembangkan produk. Diskusi menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan kontekstual berbasis pemberdayaan komunitas efektif menumbuhkan kesadaran lingkungan dan potensi ekonomi kreatif. Kegiatan ini menjadi bukti bahwa pengelolaan limbah berbasis rumah tangga dapat memberikan dampak positif, baik bagi lingkungan maupun kesejahteraan keluarga. Disarankan agar kegiatan ini terus dikembangkan dan dijadikan model pemberdayaan berbasis lingkungan di wilayah lain
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas IX SMPN 1 Kalianda
Get PDFThisl researchl aims tol determinel thel effect ofl thel Problem Basedl Learningl modell on improving lstudents' mathematicall reasoning abilities. The populationl in thisl study wasl alll students inl class IX ofl SMPl Negeril 1 Kalianda, odd lsemester of the 2023/2024 academicl year, distributed in ten classes, namely IX.1 to IX.10, heterogeneously. Samplingl was carriedl out usingl a clusterl random samplingl technique, andl 30 studentsl in classl IX.1 were selected asl the experimentall class andl 30 studentsl in lclass IX.2 were selected asl the controll class. Thel research designl used wasl a lpretest-posttest controll group ldesign. This researchl data isl in thel form ofl quantitative datal obtained froml tests of students' mathematical reasoningl abilities. Basedl on thel results lof research using lthe Mann-Whitneyl U ltest, it wasl found thatl the increasel in lstudents' mathematical reasoning abilitiesl in thel experimental classl was higher than thel increasel in lstudents' mathematical reasoningl abilities inl thel controll class. Basedl on this, itl can bel concluded thatl the Probleml Based Learningl model has anl effect onl improving students' mathematical reasoning abilities.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Problem Based Learning terhadap peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Kalianda semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2023/2024 yang terdistribusi dalam sepuluh kelas yaitu IX.1 sampai IX.10 secara heterogen. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling, dan terpilih siswa kelas IX.1 sebanyak 30 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan IX.2 sebanyak 30 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Data penelitian ini berupa data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dari tes kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan uji Mann-Whitney U diperoleh bahwa peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa pada kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Problem Based Learning berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa
Perbandingan Penggunaan Matlab dan Maple dalam Menentukan Akar Persamaan Menggunakan Metode Bagi Dua
No full textNumerical methods play a crucial role in solving non-linear equations that cannot be solved analytically. This study compares the use of two software tools, Matlab and Maple, in determining the roots of non-linear equations using the bisection method. This method iteratively divides the root search interval into two parts until the specified error tolerance is reached. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, where two non-linear equations are tested using Matlab and Maple. The analysis results show that both software tools provide nearly identical outputs, with minimal differences due to variations in numerical representation. Matlab excels in numerical programming flexibility and data visualization, while Maple is easier to use as it has built-in functions for the bisection method. The findings of this study are expected to provide insights for users in selecting appropriate software to solve numerical method problems.Metode numerik merupakan salah satu pendekatan penting dalam menyelesaikan persamaan non-linier yang tidak dapat diselesaikan secara analitik. Penelitian ini membandingkan penggunaan dua perangkat lunak, yaitu Matlab dan Maple, dalam menentukan akar persamaan non-linier menggunakan metode bagi dua (bisection method). Metode ini bekerja dengan membagi interval pencarian akar menjadi dua bagian secara iteratif hingga mencapai toleransi error yang ditentukan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, di mana dua persamaan non-linier diuji menggunakan Matlab dan Maple. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kedua perangkat lunak memberikan hasil yang hampir identik dengan perbedaan yang sangat kecil akibat perbedaan representasi angka dalam masing-masing perangkat lunak. Matlab unggul dalam fleksibilitas pemrograman numerik dan visualisasi data, sementara Maple lebih mudah digunakan karena memiliki fungsi bawaan untuk metode bagi dua. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan bagi pengguna dalam memilih perangkat lunak yang sesuai untuk analisis numerik di bidang matematika dan teknik
Optimalisasi Jalur Pedestrian Antar Fakultas Di Universitas Mataram Menggunakan Algoritma Kruskal
Get PDFEfficient pedestrian pathways between faculties and key locations within the Universitas Mataram campus are a crucial aspect in supporting the academic and non-academic mobility. Optimization of pedestrian paths based on distance and connectivity efficiency between important points. This study aims to identify and optimize as well as determine the shortest pedestrian paths between faculties by applying the Kruskal algorithm, which connects all points without forming cycles based on the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) method. There are 13 vertices representing faculties or key locations at Universitas Mataram. The distances between these faculties or places are represented as weighted edges measured in meters. A total of 15 edges were initially identified according to the algorithm’s execution. Among these, 3 edges formed cycles and had to be gradually eliminated in order to comply with Kruskal’s algorithm, resulting in the optimal solution of 12 edges for the shortest pedestrian network. The distances of these 12 edges were obtained through mapping using Google Maps. The total length of the resulting optimized pedestrian route is 2,650 meters or 2.65 kilometers. These findings can serve as a reference for policymakers at Universitas Mataram to consider in the development of network-based pedestrian infrastructure.Jalur pedestrian yang efisien antar fakultas dan tempat-tempat di lingkungan Universitas Mataram menjadi salah satu aspek penting dalam mendukung mobilitas akademik dan non-akademik. Optimalisasi jalur pedestrian berdasarkan jarak dan efisiensi konektivitas antar titik-titik penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengoptimalkan serta mencari jalur pedestrian terpendek antar fakultas dengan menerapkan metode algoritma kruskal yang menghubungkan seluruh titik tanpa membentuk siklus berdasarkan Minimum Spanning Tree. Terdapat 13 vertex (titik simpul) yang merepresentasikan fakultas/tempat di Universitas Mataram. Jarak antar fakultas/tempat direpresentasikan sebagai edge (sisi) yang berbobot dalam satuan meter. Diperoleh 15 sisi yang sesuai dengan algoritma yang dijalankan. Dari 15 sisi tersebut ternyata ada 3 buah sisi yang yang membentuk siklus yang secara tahap demi tahap harus dieliminasi agar sesuai dengan algoritma kruskal sehingga optimalisasi jalur pedestrian terpendek diperoleh sebanyak 12 sisi. Jarak 12 sisi diperoleh dari pemetaan dengan google maps. Rute pedestrian yang terbentuk dari penelitian ini adalah sepanjang 2650 meter atau 2,65 Km. Hasil ini dapat dijadikan suatu rujukan untuk menjadi pertimbangan pengambil kebijakan yang ada di Universitas Mataram untuk membuat infrastruktur berbasis jaringa
Pengembangan Komponen Instrumen Terpadu (KIT) Praktikum Pada Materi Larutan Penyangga
Get PDFThis research is developing an integrated instrument component (KIT) practicum on buffer solution material. The study aimed to determine the feasibility level of the KIT developed and the students' response to the KIT. The development model is carried out by using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research was conducted in May 2022 at SMA Negeri 5 Kota Mukomuko. The trial class selection was conducted through purposive sampling of all XI MIPA classes, with 12 students from the XI MIPA 2 class participating in small-scale trials and 30 students from the XI MIPA 1 class in large-scale trials. Data collection methods were carried out using written tests and student response questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using validation tests, response questionnaire analysis, and an examination of student learning outcomes. The results obtained (1) KIT practicum is very feasible to be used as a practicum media by students based on the results of validation tests on media and material aspects, (2) The response of students to the trial of the KIT practicum of buffer solution is included in the very interesting category shown in the acquisition of an average value of 86.6%.Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan komponen instrumen terpadu (KIT) praktikum pada materi larutan penyangga. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan KIT yang dikembangkan dan respon peserta didik terhadap KIT tersebut. Model pengembangan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2022 di SMA Negeri 5 Kota Mukomuko. Pemilihan kelas uji coba dilakukan dengan purposive sampling terhadap seluruh kelas XI MIPA, dengan subjek penelitian yaitu 12 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 2 untuk uji coba skala kecil dan 30 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 1 untuk uji coba skala besar. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara tes tertulis dan angket respon peserta didik. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji validasi, analisis angket respon, dan analisis hasil belajar peserta didik. Hasil penelitian diperoleh (1) komponen instrumen terpadu (KIT) praktikum sangat layak digunakan sebagai media praktikum oleh peserta didik berdasarkan hasil uji validasi pada aspek media dan aspek materi, (2) Respon peserta didik untuk uji coba komponen instrumen terpadu (KIT) praktikum larutan penyangga termasuk kedalam kategori sangat menarik yang ditunjukkan pada perolehan nilai rata-rata sebesar 86,6%
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) Terhadap Self Efficacy Dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Peserta Didik Kelas XI Pada Materi Larutan Penyangga Di SMAN 1 Mauponnggo
Get PDFProblem-solving in chemistry requires support from various aspects, including psychological aspects such as self-efficacy and cognitive aspects such as creative thinking skills. This study aims to determine the effect of the Project-based Learning (PjBL) model on the self-efficacy and creative thinking skills of Grade XI students on the topic of buffer solutions at SMAN 1 Mauponggo. The research design used was a nonequivalent control group design, with purposive sampling as the sampling method, where participants were selected based on specific goals or criteria relevant to the research topic. The independent variable in this study was the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model. Self-efficacy data were collected using a self-efficacy questionnaire. In contrast, creative thinking skills data were obtained through a test developed based on indicators of creative thinking skills (fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration). Hypothesis testing was conducted using MANOVA. The results showed that both students' self-efficacy and creative thinking skills had an F-value of 15.198, which exceeded the F-table value of 4.05 at a significance level of 0.05. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the PjBL model has a significant effect on students’ self-efficacy and creative thinking skills.Pemecahan masalah yang ada dalam ilmu kimia perlu dibekali dengan beberapa aspek diantaranya aspek psikologi yaitu kepercayaan diri (self-efficacy) dan aspek kognitif yaitu kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penguruh model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap self-efficacy dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik kelas XI pada materi larutan penyangga di SMAN 1 Mauponggo. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah nonequivalent control group design dan metode pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan purposive sampling dimana pengambilan sampel peneliti memilih berdasarkan tujuan atau kriteria tertentu yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Variabel bebas penelitian yaitu model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL). Data self-efficacy diperoleh dari angket self-efficacy sementara data kemapuan berpikir kreatif diperoleh dari tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif yang disusun berdasarkan indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif (fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration). Pengujian hipotesis pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji MANOVA. Hasil penelitian self-efficacy peserta didik dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif diperoleh nilai Fhitung 15,198 > Ftabel 4,05 pada taraf signifikas 0,05. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran PjBL berpengaruh terhadap self-efficacy dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik