Jurnal FKIP Universitas Mataram (Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan)
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Penguatan Penyusunan Modul Ajar bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar
Get PDFTujuan program pelatihan ini adalah untuk: 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan guru tentang pembuatan modul ajar; 2) meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam pembuatan modul ajar inovatif. Pelatihan diberikan melalui berbagai metode, seperti sosialisasi dan workshop secara luring di sebuah sekolah negeri di Kabupaten Semarang dan sekolah swasta di Kabupaten Boyolai dengan total 23 sasaran. Adapun rincian kegiatan adalah sebagai berikut: 1) sosialisasi tujuan pembelajaran, ATP, dan modul ajar; 2) workshop untuk mendesain modul ajar; dan 3) workshop untuk memodifikasi modul ajar yang sudah tersedia. Program pengabidan ini dilaskanakan pada Juni 2022 dan Juli 2023. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket yang dibagikan kepada peserta untuk mengukur kepuasan dan pengetahuan guru sedangkan keterampilan dilihat melalui dokumentasi modul ajar yang disusun oleh guru yang dikuatkan dengan wawancara tidak terstruktur. Untuk menganalisis data, teknik interaktif digunakan untuk mengumpulkan, mereduksi, menampilkan, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa: 1) 48% pengetahuan peserta meningkat menjadi sangat baik dan 52% sisanya menyampaikan pengetahuan menjadi baik. Adapun di ranah keterampilan, menunjukkan 52% keterampilan peserta meningkat sangat baik, dan 48% meningkat dengan kategori baik
Implementasi Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup Berbasis Mangrove pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Labuhan Lalar, Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat, NTB
Get PDFPenerapan Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup (PLH) pada sekolah dasar merupakan basis upaya untuk membentuk kepribadian para siswa sebelum pembentukan kepribadian masyarakat di masa mendatang. Sekolah Dasar Negeri Labuhan Lalar (SDN Labuhan Lalar) merupakan salah satu sekolah dasar yang berada di Kecamatan Taliwang, Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat dengan letak geografis berada di daerah pesisir, sehingga masyarakat berada pada lingkungan dengan banyak ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan dari pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari PLH berbasis mangrove yang diterapkan di SDN Labuhan Lalar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Langkah awal SDN Labuhan Lalar dalam penerapan PLH yaitu mengadakan training dari tenaga ahli terkait Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup berbasis mangrove kepada para guru. Training menghasilkan tambahan ilmu untuk para guru agar dapat memberikan materi pembelajaran yang telah dikolaborasikan dengan Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup seperti pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) dan matematika. Kegiatan dalam program PLH di SDN Labuhan Lalar tidak hanya berfokus pada pelestarian ekosistem mangrove saja, akan tetapi juga fokus pada isu sampah plastik. Program yang telah diterapkan antara lain pembelajaran secara kontekstual, penaman mangrove dan pemantaun, gotong royong, dan piket kelas. Secara simultan, penerapan beberapa program tersebut telah membentuk karakter peduli lingkungan sekaligus membentuk sikap bertanggung jawab dari para siswa
APPLICATION OF PBL MODEL THROUGH CRT APPROACH TO IMPROVE MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES OF CLASS X7 AT SMAN 2 MATARAM
No full textThis study was motivated by the low learning outcomes of Class X students.7 SMAN 2 Mataram about mathematics, especially about material opportunities. The purpose of this study is to improve the outcome of mathematics learning through the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) model with Cultural Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach. This study is a Class Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles in Class X.7 SMAN 2 Mataram with 37 students. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The CRT approach is realized by integrating Lombok's local culture as a learning context, such as traditional Sasak (ngyongkolan) events and traditional snacks. Data collection is done through formative assessment in the form of questions that are done individually. The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes, seen from the increase in classical completeness from 8.11% in pre-cycle to 48.65% in cycle I, and reached 89.19% in Cycle II. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of PBL model with CRT approach is effective in improving students ' math learning outcomes on opportunity materialsPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik kelas X.7 SMAN 2 Mataram pada mata pelajaran matematika, khususnya pada materi peluang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika melalui penerapan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT). Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus pada peserta didik kelas X.7 SMAN 2 Mataram yang berjumlah 37 orang. Setiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Pendekatan CRT diwujudkan dengan mengintegrasikan budaya lokal Lombok sebagai konteks pembelajaran, seperti acara tradisional Sasak (nyongkolan) dan jajan tradisional. Data dikumpulkan melalui asesmen formatif berupa soal yang dikerjakan secara individu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik, terlihat dari peningkatan ketuntasan klasikal dari 8,11% pada pra-siklus menjadi 48,65% pada siklus I, dan mencapai 89,19% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model PBL dengan pendekatan CRT berkontribusi positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik pada materi peluang
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbasis Etnomatematika Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII
Get PDFThis study was motivated by the low mathematical problem-solving ability of students, which is attributed to the use of ineffective, teacher-centered learning models. One approach that can be applied to improve students’ mathematical problem-solving skills is the problem-based learning (PBL) model. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing an ethnomathematics-based problem-based learning model on students’ mathematical problem-solving ability. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 14 Mataram in the 2024/2025 academic year using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The population consisted of all eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 14 Mataram. The research sample comprised 60 students, with 30 students in the experimental class and 30 in the control class, selected through simple random sampling. The data collection instrument was a mathematical problem-solving test. The average score of the experimental class was 77.70, which was higher than the control class’s average score of 71.40. The analysis results showed that . Furthermore, the effect size calculation yielded d = 0.69, indicating a moderate effect. These results show that the ethnomathematics-based problem-based learning model positively influences the mathematical problem-solving ability of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 14 Mataram, particularly in the topic of circles.Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa, yang disebabkan oleh model pembelajaran yang kurang efektif dan masih berpusat pada guru. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa adalah model problem based learning (PBL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning berbasis etnomatematika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 14 Mataram pada tahun ajaran 2024/2025 dengan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis quasi experimental. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 14 Mataram. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 60 siswa yang terdiri dari 30 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 30 siswa kelas kontrol yang ditentukan dengan simple random sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dengan hasil rata-rata kelas eksperimen = 77,70 lebih tinggi dari rata-rata kelas kontrol = 71,40. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa. Selanjutnya, hasil perhitungan effect size dengan hasil artinya bahwa pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran PBL berbasis etnomatematika termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model problem based learning berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 14 Mataram, khususnya dalam materi lingkaran
POLA KOMUNIKAISI KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH PEREMPUAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU DI SMAN 5 MATARAM
Get PDFPenelitian bertujuan ini mengetahui (1) bagaimana pola kepemimpinan komunikasi kepala sekolah perempuan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMAN 5 Mataram (2) bagaimana hambatan komunikasi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah perempuan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMAN 5 Mataram (3) bagaimana upaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah perempuan mengatasi hambatan komunikasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMAN 5 Mataram. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Jenis data penelitian yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Sumber data penelitian adalah subjek dan informan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi & dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian (1) pola komunikasi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah perempuan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMAN 5 Mataram menggunakan 3 pola yaitu pola komunikasi roda, rantai dan bintang (2) hambatan komunikasi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah perempuan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMAN 5 Mataram yaitu terjadi karena perbedaan karakter dan kepribadian serta perbedaan pendapat dan pemikiran antara guru dengan kepala sekolah , (3) upaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah perempuan mengatasi hambatan komunikasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMAN 5 Mataram yaitu dengan kepala sekolah menyederhanakan bahasa, adanya perasaan empati dan guru menyimak secara efektif
Effectiveness of β-lactam and Macrolide Antibiotic Combination in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Review
Get PDFCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a clinically significant lung infection and a leading cause of infectious disease-related death, especially in patients with high-risk factors. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a combination of β-lactam and macrolide antibiotics in the treatment of CAP and its impact on reducing mortality. Using the Systematic Literature Review method from sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, 10 national and international journals were reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination compared to monotherapy and other combination options. Results showed that the combination of β-lactams and macrolides is effective in improving clinical outcomes, accelerating recovery, and reducing mortality in CAP patients, especially against atypical pathogens that are often not fully treated with β-lactam monotherapy. Factors such as seasonal variations and the patient's state of health also influence the response to this therapy. The most commonly used antibiotics in this combination are Ceftriaxone or Ampicillin/Sulbactam as β-lactams, paired with Azithromycin or Clarithromycin as macrolides. Therefore, the combination of β-lactams and macrolides is considered an effective primary therapy option for CAP, in accordance with the national guidelines for medical services in Indonesia, which allows flexibility in treatment according to the clinical condition of the patient and the characteristics of the pathogen present
Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model on Improving Student Learning Outcomes in the Classification of Living Things Material
Get PDFLearning outcomes are very important as a benchmark for success in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on improving student learning outcomes in the material of classification of living things at SMP Negeri 1 Suwawa. The method used is Quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of two classes, namely class VII A as the experimental class and class VII C as the control class, which were selected by random sampling. The instrument used was a multiple-choice test of 15 questions. The pretest results showed an average learning outcome of students in the experimental class of 49.8 and the control class of 50.2. After learning, the posttest results increased to 84.3 for the experimental class and 72.1 for the control class. The N-gain value of the experimental class was in the medium-high category with an average of 0.68, while the control class was in the medium category with an average of 0.44. The t-test results showed t-table, namely 5.62 ˃ 2.00 (at a significance level of 0.05), which means that there is a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students using the PBL model and those using the Discovery Learning model. Thus, it can be concluded that the PBL model-based learning has a positive and significant influence on student learning outcomes in the material on the classification of living things
Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Ethanol Extract from Ruellia napifera Leaves
Get PDFExploration of the chemical profile and antioxidant properties of ethanol extract derived from Ruellia napifera leaves is very important, considering the usefulness of these leaves for use in natural therapy products. This research investigates the identification of secondary metabolite compounds and the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract from Ruellia napifera leaves. The objectives are to determine the types of secondary metabolite compounds present and to evaluate the antioxidant potential using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Ethanol extracts were prepared using the maceration method at durations of 24 hours. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids. Antioxidant activity was measured through IC50 values, indicating the extract’s ability to inhibit 50% of the DPPH radicals. The IC50 values obtained were 10.66 μg/mL. For comparison, vitamin C as a positive control exhibited an IC50 of 2.49 μg/mL. These results suggest that the Gempur Batu leaf extract has strong antioxidant potential. These findings suggest that this extract from Ruellia napifera leaves holds potential for developing natural antioxidant-based therapeutic products or herbal medicine formulations
The Role of Microbial Enzymes in Organic Waste Bioconversion: A Biochemical and Renewable Energy Perspective
Get PDFThis study explores the role of microbial enzymes in the bioconversion of organic waste into renewable energy sources such as bioethanol, biogas, and biohydrogen. Employing a qualitative literature review, this research applies a systematic thematic synthesis to 28 scientific sources, including journal articles, policy reports, and textbooks published between 2018 and 2024. The findings indicate that enzymes such as cellulase, amylase, and lipase play a dominant role in the hydrolysis of organic substrates, breaking down complex biomolecules into glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. These hydrolysis products are then fermented anaerobically by microbes like Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium spp. to generate various bioenergy outputs. In addition, the study highlights the importance of biochemical characteristics such as enzyme kinetics, stability, and substrate specificity, which are critical for improving energy conversion efficiency. Operational challenges include high production costs and suboptimal enzyme performance under non-laboratory conditions. However, promising innovations have emerged, including enzyme immobilization techniques, co-fermentation strategies, and the use of genetically engineered microorganisms. Case studies from India, Germany, and Indonesia demonstrate the practical potential of microbial enzyme-based bioconversion systems in transforming agricultural and household waste into valuable energy products. The integration of microbial enzymes into waste management not only reduces environmental pollution but also supports clean energy transition efforts. This research implies the need for policy alignment and educational curriculum integration in environmental science to accelerate public adoption and awareness. This research implies the need for policy alignment and educational curriculum integration in environmental science to accelerate public adoption and awareness
Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Lipids from Ulva sp.: Optimization and Fatty Acid Profiling
Get PDFUlva sp. is a green alga commonly found in Indonesian waters. It contains approximately 60% carbohydrates, 10–47% protein, and 1–3% lipids. This study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for lipid extraction from Ulva sp. A pre-treatment step was carried out by adding a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) and distilled water. The DES used was a mixture of zinc chloride and urea in a 1:2 molar ratio. The sample was then mixed with a chloroform-methanol solvent (2:1 v/v) and subjected to Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE). The variables investigated in this study included microwave power (150, 300, and 450 W), extraction time (10, 15, and 20 min), and solvent volume (45, 60, and 75 mL). The organic phase obtained from the extraction process was separated and evaporated to determine the lipid yield. The highest yield, 15.8%, was achieved under conditions of 20 min extraction time, 75 mL solvent volume, and 300 W of power. GC-MS analysis of the highest-yield sample revealed the presence of fatty acids including palmitic acid, oleic acid, and palmitoleic acid. This optimized method supports future applications in biodiesel production and green extraction processes for algae-based bioresources