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Association of gut microbiome with COPD in Japanese male residents: the SESSA study
Get PDFBackground:
Altered gut microbiota may contribute to COPD development or progression. Herein, we investigated the association of gut microorganisms with COPD, taking into account the impact of smoking status.
Methods:
This cross-sectional observational study was a part of the Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis, a population-based cohort study of Japanese men aged 46-76 years, conducted from 2010 to 2016. The gut microbiome, determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, was compared among 99 never-smokers, 306 non-COPD ever-smokers and 76 patients with COPD while adjusting for age, body mass index, ethanol consumption and treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Results:
The abundance of phylum Firmicutes was comparable between patients with COPD and non-COPD ever-smokers but tended to be higher in never-smokers. Similarly, the α- and β-diversity analysis showed similarity between patients with COPD and non-COPD ever-smokers, which tended to differ from never-smokers. Discriminant analysis identified the genus [Prevotella] to be more prevalent in patients with COPD than in never-smokers or non-COPD ever-smokers. Post hoc analysis confirmed similarity of gut microbiome between COPD Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I and non-COPD ever-smokers, which was different from GOLD II.
Conclusion:
Smoking may alter the overall gut microbial composition, but gut microbial composition itself may not play a role in the development of COPD. Rather, specific gut bacteria, such as [Prevotella], could be a risk factor for the development of COPD; this may be a potential therapeutic target.journal articl
The Dual-Pseudotyped Lentiviral Vector with VSV-G and Sendai Virus HN Enhances Infection Efficiency through the Synergistic Effect of the Envelope Proteins
Get PDF滋賀医科大学博士（医学）Viruses. 2024 May 23;16(6):827.令和6年度thesi
Surgical repair for primary tricuspid regurgitation related to trauma
Get PDFWe report a case of a 45-year-old man presenting with tachycardia and palpitation. Echocardiography indicated severe tricuspid regurgitation. We suspected traumatic tricuspid damage due to high energy trauma in a motor vehicle accident 17 years earlier. He underwent a sternotomy, and his tricuspid valve was repaired with chordal reconstruction, indentation closure, and ring annuloplasty. The postoperative period was uneventful, and he was discharged 10 days after the operation. This report highlights the value of echocardiography for diagnosis of primary tricuspid regurgitation related to trauma, and the importance of early diagnosis to allow surgical intervention before irreversible damage occurs.
Learning objective:
Traumatic tricuspid regurgitation is a rare cardiovascular complication of blunt chest trauma. The mechanism of the tricuspid valve injury is thought to be secondary to sudden impact causing an anteroposterior compression of the right ventricle by the sternum in end-diastole. This injury is often incidentally identified or can be missed until the patient experiences symptoms of right heart failure resulting from severe tricuspid regurgitation.journal articl
膵管癒合不全を背景に発生した副膵管領域膵頭部癌の１例
No full textA 66-year-old man visited our hospital due to pancreatic duct dilatation. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed dilatation of the main pancreatic duct. ERCP showed the absence of a connection with the main pancreatic duct on ventral pancreatography from the main papilla. Dorsal pancreatography from the accessory papilla showed localized stenosis of the accessory duct at the pancreatic head and main pancreatic duct dilation. Moreover, EUS showed an 11-mm hypoechoic mass in the region of the accessory pancreatic duct. The mass was hypovascular in the early phase of Sonazoid contrast. As pancreatic head cancer complicated by pancreatic divisum was suspected, subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was pancreatic cancer in the region of the accessory pancreatic duct. In this case, pancreatic cancer could be diagnosed at an early stage because the pancreatic duct dilatation occurred at an early stage. This was due to decreased pancreatic juice drainage from the main pancreatic duct caused by the pancreas divisum.症例は66歳男性．腹部超音波検査で膵管拡張を指摘され，当院を受診し，磁気共鳴胆管膵管撮影（Magnetic Resonance cholangiopancreatography：MRCP）で主膵管拡張を認めた．ERCPで主乳頭からの腹側膵管造影では主膵管との交通はなく，副乳頭からの背側膵管造影では膵頭部の副膵管の限局的な狭窄と尾側膵管の拡張を認めた．ソナゾイド造影下EUSでは，膵頭部に長径11mmの乏血性腫瘤を認めた．膵管癒合不全を背景とした副膵管領域膵癌が疑われ，亜全胃温存膵頭十二指腸切除術を施行した．病理診断は副膵管領域原発膵癌であった．通常副膵管領域膵癌は主膵管拡張を呈しにくいが，本症例は膵管癒合不全により早期に尾側膵管拡張をきたし，膵癌の早期診断に至った．journal articl
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava with the Absence of the Right Superior Vena Cava and Atrial Appendage: Complex Pacemaker Implantation in a Patient Presenting with a Rare Vascular Anomaly
Get PDFA persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a commonly observed anatomical anomaly that is frequently detected incidentally via computed tomography (CT) imaging. However, the occurrence of a PLSVC with a right superior vena cava (RSVC) defect, also known as "isolated PLSVC," is a much rarer anomaly. This peculiar malformation can lead to sinoatrial dysfunction, thus necessitating pacemaker implantation, which requires delicate manipulation due to various anatomical complexities. We herein present a case of a sick sinus syndrome with this rare anomaly, which required special consideration when performing pacemaker lead placement.journal articl
Phospholipid biomarkers of coronary heart disease
Get PDFCoronary heart disease, also known as ischemic heart disease, is induced by atherosclerosis, which is initiated by subendothelial retention of lipoproteins. Plasma lipoproteins, including high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein, and chylomicron, are composed of a surface monolayer containing phospholipids and cholesterol and a hydrophobic core containing triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. Phospholipids play a crucial role in the binding of apolipoproteins and enzymes to lipoprotein surfaces, thereby regulating lipoprotein metabolism. High LDL-cholesterol is a well-known risk factor for coronary heart disease, and statins reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by lowering LDL-cholesterol levels. In contrast, the relationships of phospholipids in plasma lipoproteins with coronary heart disease have not yet been established. To further clarify the physiological and pathological roles of phospholipids, we have developed the simple high-throughput assays for quantifying all major phospholipid classes, namely phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol + cardiolipin, and sphingomyelin, using combinations of specific enzymes and a fluorogenic probe. These enzymatic fluorometric assays will be helpful in elucidating the associations between phospholipid classes in plasma lipoproteins and coronary heart disease and in identifying phospholipid biomarkers. This review describes recent progress in the identification of phospholipid biomarkers of coronary heart disease.journal articl
Increase in the prevalence of follicular regulatory T cells correlates with clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with house dust mites
Get PDF滋賀医科大学博士（医学）International forum of allergy & rhinology. 2024 Jan;14(1):57-67.令和5年度thesi
Depletion of transit amplifying cells in the adult brain does not affect quiescent neural stem cell pool size
Get PDF滋賀医科大学博士（医学）The journal of physiological sciences. 2023 Sep 13;73(1):19.令和5年度thesi
FUS-ERG induces late-onset azacitidine resistance in acute myeloid leukaemia cells
Get PDF滋賀医科大学博士（医学）Scientific reports. 2023 Sep 2;13(1):14454.令和5年度thesi