Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology (SUIT), Peshawar: E-Journals
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ENVISAGING KSE 100 INDEX USING THE BOX-JENKINS METHODOLOGY
Get PDFInvestment in stock portfolios has never been a risk-free course of action as countless factors impinge on the end result of such a venture. Although fairly rewarding, the element of uncertainty involved keeps many potential investors away as they fail to adequately forecast what moves the stock market is going to make in the near future. The enticement of receiving returns, however, is appealing enough for investors to have their money invested in the stock market. But the ability to forecast the market remains their major necessity. In operational terms, there are two ways of forecasting the current and future values of any time series including stock indices. One way is to regress stock returns over all those factors that have an effect on stock market performance. The other method is making predictions on the basis of the past performance of the stock market. The current paper has adopted the second method of forecasting and has made use of the ARIMA technique. Monthly stock returns data of KSE 100 Index was collected from 1997 to 2019 which translated into 266 observations. It was realized that the technique used in the study helped in adequately predicting stock returns, although only in the short run. The outcomes of this study may be of help for prospective stock market investors, specifically short-term, in deciding when, and when not, to extend their investments at Pakistan Stock Exchange
Problems of Small and Medium Enterprises in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Get PDFThe role of SMEs in the economic development of any economy can hardly be over emphasized. In developing country like Pakistan SMEs is the major sector of employment. The SMEs in a province like Khyber Pakhtunkhwa attains moreimportance because of its rich mineral potential, irrigated agricultural land with very hard working labor force and entrepreneurial talents. In spite of these natural blessings out of a total 2222 SMEs there are more than 330 units which have been closed their business for one reason or the other. The failure or slow growth of SMEs in the province warrants intensive study for finding out the root cause and suggest/recommend/ measures which can help revive and rejuvenate the existing SMEs and also pave way for expansion in this vital sector of the economy. This study focuses on the existing situation of SMEs in province, identifies problems confronted by the SMEs and on the basis of first-hand information collected through a questionnaire makes recommendations for improving the situation
Relation between Human Capital and Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan
Get PDFThis study investigates the impact of human capital on economic growth ofPakistan. Gross Domestic Product is employed as a dependent variable. Human capital indicators (proxied through public sector spending on health and education, primary education, secondary education and higher education enrollment), physical capital and labor force participation rate are used as independent variables. The time series data is taken from various issues of Economic Survey of Pakistan and Labor Force Surveys for the time period 1971-2013. The long run between the variables is checked through Autoregressive Regressive Distributed Lag Model. Short run relationship is ï¬nd out through Error correction model. The results explain that there is a signiï¬cant and long run relationship between the variables
Impact of Green Marketing Mix (4Ps) on Firm Performance: Insights from Industrial Sector Peshawar, Pakistan
Get PDFAbstract Background & Purpose- After the year 2000, the market for environmentally friendly products become mature and substantially expanded. In the present condition, environmental poverty has appeared as a very scorching issue of concern. The alarming level effects of commercial sector on climate and atmosphere have shaped several life threatening worries. To manage with this, it becomes a great challenge for organizations. The current research work is aim to achieve a better understanding of the corporate sector and their adaptation of green strategies in their production and decisions; associated to firm performance. This is an effort to check the belongings of green marketing strategy (GMS) on firm performance.Methodology- The current work was grounded on quantitative technique to test the framed hypotheses. Survey procedure is used to collect the data. 264 respondent were taken into account by applying method of sample determination and allocation. Purposive sampling technique with “five-point Likert scale†was utilized for data assortment. PCA were utilized to measure the unifactoriality. Structure Equation Modeling were used to check the hypothesized relationship b/w the variables.Findings- Findings of the study suggests that green product (GPD), green price (GPC), green promotion (GPM) and green place are absolutely correlated to firm performance with significant P-value <.05.Originality/Value- The current research study can help industrial sector in identifying best solutions for replacing conventional activities used. Limitation & Future Directions- Research study is restricted only to Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, other areas were not in the domain of interest. It is suggested for the forthcoming research to splay the study background across the country. Larger sample size is also recommended. It can provide more faultless data, though the current population and sample size was enough for the justification of the results
Impact of Service Quality on Customers’ Advocacy; Mediating Role of Customers’ Loyalty: A case of selected Private Hospitals of Peshawar
Get PDFThe aim of the current study is to determine how service quality influence customers’ advocacy directly and indirectly through customers’ loyalty in private sector hospitals of Peshawar. Famous servqual model used for the analysis of service quality of the selected hospitals. Confirmatory factor analysis used to examine the fitness of the model and then with the help of path analysis hypotheses were checked. After analysis it was found that the relationship of service quality and customer advocacy was fully mediated by customer loyalty. The current study would be very useful for the hospital’s management in evaluation of service quality. Furthermore, the findings of the current study would also be useful in getting more customers. Marketing and management personnel of the hospitals would more emphasis on service quality to produce loyal customer, who eventually turns into advocates.Â
THE IMPACT OF DEBT AND EQUITY BASED CAPITAL INFLOWS ON MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF PAKISTAN
Get PDFOn the three sectors of Pakistan economy, there indeed is a comparatively differing impact of external debt to that of foreign direct investment. In addition, comparatively between external debt and foreign direct investment, external debt not only has a dominant and significant but also a deteriorating impact across, almost all, the three macroeconomic sectors of Pakistan\u27s economy as defined inthis study. Conversely on a direct comparison basis between FDI and external debt, FDI has minimal and mostly insignificant impact on all the three macroeconomic sectors of Pakistan\u27s economy. The methodology of this study comprises of Structural Equation Modeling analysis that is based on an extensive and rigorous literature review
Growth, Poverty and Openness; An Analysis in South Asian Perspective
Get PDFThis Paper assesses the relationship of economic growth and poverty with openness in South Asian region in the light of the basic objectives of WTO (World Trade Organization) which states that openness of trade raises the living standard along with full employment and growing volume of real income. For the purpose seven South Asian countries namely Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal and Bhutan are selected in this study. Study period of 53 years has been divided into pre and post liberalization, i.e. 1960-1980 and 1981-2012 to compare this relationship of economic growth and poverty with openness during both periods not only in the region generally but specify the share of individual country in this relationship also. Two options of Fixed effect model are utilized for the purpose. The “slope coefficient constant and intercept varies†and “all coefficients vary across individual cross sectional unitsâ€. Results show a significantly positive impact of openness over economic growth andpoverty of the region generally and specifically signifies the share of Maldives inaffecting growth and of India in affecting poverty as compared to other countries of the region. Gini (income inequality) worsens average income growth and poverty situation and specifically highlights the role of Sri Lanka and Nepal in this context in the region. Unemployment lowers growth and raises poverty of the South Asian region as theory states but Pakistan and Nepal have relatively greater shares in worsening this situation of growth and poverty respectively. During both period economic growth shows a positive impact over poverty and specially during post 80 period when its share is improved in affecting poverty of the region. Here Sri Lanka has relatively more effective role than other countries of the region
ROLE OF CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN STUDENTS’ DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFThis study attempted to explore and identify factors that help to promote students’ efficiency in co-curricular activities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The sample consisted of 60 principals/headmasters of schools from all the boys’ high schools of Peshawar City, which included 52 principals from private and 8 from public schools respectively. 120 teachers two from each sample school from both public and private sectors (16 teachers from public and 104 teachers from private schools). Of those 60 schools, a sample of 1200 students was selected, including 160 students from public and 1040 students from private schools. Three separate opinionnaires were used to gather data from principals, teachers and students. The opinionnaires contained items and statements which were structured around eliciting responses from principals, teachers and students about factors that contributed to students’ efficiency. The interviews based on 10 items/statements which were held with 120 parents whose children were in 10th class of the sampled schools. The data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. In order to be logical and scientific in approach, the analysis was further made meaningful with the application of statistical measures. The data obtained from principals’, teachers’ and students’ revealed a number of areas and factors that contributed to the students’ development
THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATIONAL INTENSITY AND COACHES ON ATHLETES PERFORMANCE
Get PDFSport coaching is a fundamental approach in which athletes can enhance their performance working with qualified coaches. Knowledgeable sport coaches not only develop the performance skills in their athletes but also boost their motivation intensity in their players. It has been observed that Pakistani field hockey coaches failed to develop the fitness capabilities as well as technical skills, not to speak of enhancing the performance at national and international arena. The motivation level of the players is not up to the mark as well. The purpose of the study is to find out the association between hockey coaches and motivational intensity with field hockey athletes’ performance. Correlational research design and survey method were employed. Two types of tools were used; questionnaire and field performance tests for the purpose of data collection. Various statistical approaches were padpoted to analyze the survey data such as descriptive statistic, correlation and multiple regressions analyses. A large sample of 296 national field hockey athletes completed the questionnaires and participated in field performance tests practically in the fields of play. The descriptive statistics was employed to calculate the mean and standard deviation of demographic information and to measure the field performance tests. The association of hockey coaches with field hockey athletes’ performance exposed at significant level (p value is 0.000) whereas the correlation between motivational intensity and performance of field hockey athletes exposed at p<0.01. The multiple regression results revealed that hockey coaches and motivational intensity have significant impact on field hockey athletes’ performance and can enhance the performance. It is concluded that Pakistani national field hockey athletes are weaker in their technical dexterities and fitness capabilities. It is also concluded that qualified hockey coaches can overcome the decline in performance and boost the motivation intensity in national field hockey players
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CONTROL AND SPORTS
Get PDFThe main objective of the study is to evaluate the effects and relationship between social control and sports. Social control is extremely basic for each general public. Without social control, society and in addition individual can\u27t exist. Hence, the need of social control is exceptionally basic. Social control is important for the presence and association of a general public. Players learn violent strategies from sports, this give them a better cure for deviant behaviors. players learns how to obey the laws in sports this enables to develop discipline in society and help to promote cultural values and also it help to develop better instruction among people. Sports are a useful to create accountability environment in society. Results of this research work showed that the sports have positive effect on social control