Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology (SUIT), Peshawar: E-Journals
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JOB SATISFACTION AND COMMITMENT LEVEL IN POST GRADUATE TEACHERS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT
Get PDFThis study aimed to explore the mediating role of perceived organizational support (POS) on the relationship between commitment level and job satisfaction, which is considered as an important outcome for the development of well-being at work. Data was collected through questionnaire from 249 teachers from public universities of Pakistan. Convenient sampling technique was used. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS-21 using multiple regression analysis. Results indicated that POS fully mediated the relationship between commitment level and job satisfaction. Implications for management educational practice and limitations of the study are discussed
EFFECTIVE INTENSITY OF EXERCISE FOR IMPROVING THE MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS OF CVD IN OVERWEIGHT ADULT MALES
Get PDFThe leading cause of death is CVD worldwide. Physical activity has been labeled as the single most important modifiable risk factor that alters majority of the other risk factors. However, the existing literature about the effective intensity of exercise to influence other modifiable risk factors is obscure and contradictory. Therefore, this study is aimed to find out the effective exercise intensity beneficial enough to influence the other modifiable risk factors. Methodology:After ethical approval and written informed consent 20 male overweight and apparently healthy participants, (age = 31 ± 6.1 years) were recruited. Participants attended the lab for 4 days one week apart. On day 1, height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, waist and hip circumference, and body composition was measured using Tinnita body analyzer was measured. Based on submaximal exercise testing the intensity for 50%, 60% and 70% of the predicted maximum heart rates were calculated. On subsequent visits, blood samples for fasting sugar, fasting lipid and insulin were taken. The participants performed exercise test on the treadmill as per calculated intensity for 30mins. Exercise induced thermogenesis and substrate metabolism was calculated using breath by breath analyzer. Post exercise blood sampling for lipid, blood sugar and insulin were taken immediately after intervention. Results: A dose response relationship of exercise with majority of the parameters was found. Exercise intensity of 60% and above were found to be significantly influencing the other modifiable risk factors including cholesterol (0.04 & <0.001), HDL (0.03), Triglyceride (0.023 & <0.01), insulin (0.12 & 0.05) and blood sugar level (0.02 & 0.001). Conclusion: Exercise intensity need to be in the influential range for affecting the other modifiable risk factors. If well planned even a single bout of exercise can be proved beneficial and add towards prevention of CVDs
EFFECT OF INCENTIVES UPON THE SPORTS PERFORMANCE OF ATHLETES AT UNIVERSTY LEVEL
Get PDFBackground: The reason behind the selection of the current research study was the low performances of the university athletes as well as their meager participation at national and international level sport competition. The main focus of the present research study was to highlight the effect of incentives (Traveling allowance, Daily allowance, refreshment, Cash Prizes, accommodation facilities, Reserved sport seats, Scholarships) upon the performance level of the athletes at university level both in public and in private sector university in the province of KP, Pakistan. Methods: the researcher selected 671 athletes and 31 director sports out of total population 3305 from both sector universities as sample. The 82% returned rate of responses were recorded. Proportionate random sampling technique was preferred to provide equal chance to the population of each university for true representation in the selected sample. The required information was collected through five option Likert type questionnaires. The pilot testing (validity and reliability) of the self-prepared questionnaire was made accordingly. Results: The results indicate that non availability of proper incentives (Traveling allowance, Daily allowance, refreshment, Cash Prizes, accommodation facilities, Reserved sport seats, Scholarships) affect the performance level of the athletes both in public and in private sector universities of KP, Pakistan. Moreover, the results of the current study also revealed that grater effect was observed in private sector universities than public sector universities. Conclusion: It was concluded that improper incentives (Traveling allowance, Daily allowance, refreshment, Cash Prizes, accommodation facilities, Reserved sport seats, Scholarships) affect the performance and motivation level of the athletes as well. Furthermore, the respondents predicted that improper incentives to athletes at university level is one of the obstacles which restrict the participation level of the athletes at national and international level sport competitions
The Current Extent and Mode of Interconnection among Innovation Laboratories: An Empirical Study
Get PDFThis paper relates to the assessment of inter-InnoLab collaboration. A qualitative approach in the form of semi-structured expert interviews with a sample of 21 Innovation Laboratory facilitators selected through purposive sampling technique is used to investigate the current extent and mode of interconnection among existing Innovation Laboratories. The findings reveal that the current state of inter-InnoLab collaboration is sparse whereby only few existing InnoLabs exercise exchanging information with others in sporadic physical meetings. The main barriers hindering the inter-InnoLab collaboration are identified as business competition, inadequate information about others’ existence and competencies, and fractional understanding of other types of innovation support. It has been further found that the InnoLabs leverage physical meetings and usual web-based communication tools as primary means for connecting with each other and there is no any particular tool for supporting the inter-InnoLab collaboration process in a dedicated and domain-specific manner
CREDIBILITY OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES: IMPACT ON ORGANIZATIONAL ATTRACTION IN RECRUITMENT FILED
Get PDFSocial networking sites provide a way to potential Job seekers to come across with different information about companies for the existing job openings and hiring campaigns. We conducted a study to get the Feedback of job seekers about the credibility of social networking sites about the job advertisement and hiring information available on their pages. The purpose of this study was to examine and record the perception of job seekers about social networking sites such as LinkedIn and Facebook both, which are more commonly accessible to people and organizations to post their activities openly. Moreover, one purpose of this study was to check the attraction and attention of people towards the organizations after receiving true or false information from the social network sites about recruitment in those organizations. A survey was conducted to collect the data from participants; which were active user of social networking sites. We targeted 200 final year students who were searching jobs. We used convenient sampling technique for this study and we found out that according to job seeker’s perception face book is more credible source for recruitment activities and developing attraction towards organizations as compare to LinkedIn. However; this is just an empirical research attempt to fulfill the gap
MAPPING THE LINK BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE AYUBIA NATIONAL PARK KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN
Get PDFThe notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development (SD) has recently gained increased attention in the business and management literature. There has been a growing realization that businesses may contribute to sustainable development by adopting socially responsible practices into their core operations. However, very few studies have explored the relationship between corporate social responsibility and sustainable development in the national parks context, and thus, it lacks empirical validity. To bridge up this knowledge-gap, the current study endeavors to explore the prevailing perceptions of CSR and the relationship between CSR and sustainable development by capitalizing on the Carroll’s (1991) model and Sustainability theory in the context of Ayubia National Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews from key stakeholders including wildlife management, local community and tourists. The data was then analyzed through capitalizing on thematic analysis as suggested by Braun and Clarke (2006). The findings revealed that the very conceptualization of CSR is relatively at infant level within the context of Ayubia national Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Most of the respondents highlighted the importance of economic and legal responsibilities whereas the ethical and philanthropic responsibilities were ignored. However, in relation to sustainability most of the respondents mentioned that CSR is indeed a significant tool which may lead to sustainable development of the Ayubia National Park. The study nevertheless provides important managerial as well as practical implications for the future endeavors
META-ANALYSIS OF QUALITY STANDARDS FOR TEACHER EDUCATION
Get PDFThe paper in hand deals with meta-analysis of quality indicators of Teacher Education. The study was designed to determine the actual standards for quality teacher education, to compare the national quality standards of teacher education with international standards, to enlist the merits and demerits of quality standards of teacher education in Pakistan and to give some suggestions for improving teacher education standards in Pakistan. Method of the study was critically reviewing and analyzing the quality indicators practiced by international Teacher Education councils and various global universities, HEC & NACTE standards for quality education. The results and findings were the existing of the gap in the scope of quality indicators, the difference in the number of indicators and unequal treatment to some indicators with reference to its significance. The study recommends harmonized scope in the quality of indicators, review and updating the indicators in the context of Pakistani educational setting, equal weighting may be awarded irrespective of the nature and body of the significant level of the indicators. Pakistani standards may be reviewed thoroughly and it may be updated in light of international standards for quality teachers’ education. It was concluded that Monitoring and evaluation system for the implementation of the quality standards may be regularized and be made biased free, so that a quality system for teacher education be established in the country
Corporate Governance and Board Compensation: A Case of listed Non-Financial Firms in Pakistan
Get PDFThe study addresses the impact of corporate governance (CG) on board compensation for the listed non-financial firms on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the period 2005-2015. We incorporated female directors, board size, ownership concentration, board independence, and adoption of CCG (code of corporate governance) as channels of CG. Board compensation was measured by the natural log of the total baord compensation. The study has controlled for firm size, firm performance, leverage, and cash flow from operation. By using ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis technique together with robust standard error, we find significant relationship between CG characteristics and board compensation.Findings suggest that CG characteristics and ownership structure plays a significant role in the board compensation determination. Board size and board independence exhibits significant positive relationship with board compensation. Additionally, consistent with literature, we find negative relationship between gender diversity and board compensation. Ownership concentration shows positive relationship with board compensation. Implementation of code of CG exhibits positive and significant relationship with board compensation. Finally we find positive relationship between CG index developed via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and board compensation.Key Words: Corporate Governance; Board Compensation; Ownership Concentration; Gender Diversity; Corporate Governance Inde
The impact of transactional and transformational leadership on job related outcomes in the nursing profession
Get PDFThe role of nursing is crucial for providing required cure and care to patients in hospitals. The leadership style influence nurses working abilities and job related outcomes. Considering these arguments the present study aims at examining the relationship between nursing leadership styles (i.e. transactional and transformational) and job related outcomes (i.e. commitment with organization, satisfaction with job and work performance). To do this data was collected from 206 nurses working in different hospitals of Pakistan was collected. Descriptive and inferential statistical treatment was given to analyze the data. The results of the study revealed that both the leadership styles (i.e. transactional and transformational) positively and significantly correlated with work performance, organizational commitment and job satisfaction. On the other hand, regression analysis confirms that transformational leadership study has greater impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment as compared transactional style while, transactional leadership style has greater influence on work performance.Â
DOES COMPENSATION AFFECT TASK PERFORMANCE? A CASE FROM PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITALS OF KARACHI – PAKISTAN
Get PDFThe performance of human resources is regarded as a contributory factor to the performance of an organization. Nowadays compensation is considered the most influential factor to motivate human resources to accomplish the designated tasks. This study examines the effect of salary and bonus as a form of direct compensation while employee recognition and flexible working hours as a form of indirect compensation on the task performance. A deductive approach was employed to determine the causal link with a sample of 370 employees working in public sector hospitals while the developed hypotheses have been examined by structural equation modeling. The results of the study revealed that salary, bonus, employee recognition, and flexible working hours have a positive effect on task performance. So, managers of public sector hospitals need to seriously deliberate when formulating the compensation strategy as it directly links with the performance of employees which will finally be deciphered into better delivery of services