Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology (SUIT), Peshawar: E-Journals
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The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Achieving SDG 13: Climate Action – Exploring New Business Models in the Tech Industry
Full text linkThis paper explores the relation between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 for Climate Action, particularly in the tech sector. As CSR moves from being philanthropy focused to being an integrated part of corporate strategy, it has also been emerging as a tool to respond to environmental threats, like climate change. The research will also examine how the tech corporation like YouTube, Google, Microsoft, and Apple is incorporating CSR strategy to defending carbon reduction and energy efficiency and investment in green energy which can closely relate to the goal of the 13th SDG. It also explores new business models such as the circular economy and green tech innovations that can further support the ability of CSR to help address climate change. This study contributes to understand the role of CSR on how it may contribute to (not only reducing environmental footprints, but also) supporting longer term sustainability and innovation in the tech sector. Considering CSR-driven business models, the paper then offers an analysis of what board engagement means in practice and how it can be used to integrate business and climate strategy, thereby enabling companies to actively help deliver on global climate goals
Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Decision-Making in Educational Leadership: A State-of-the-Art Synthesis of Cognitive Automation and Strategic Human Oversight
Full text linkhis paper explores the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) systems integration in the decision-making process. Although widespread, with 67 percent of school districts and 73 percent of higher education institutions adopting AI-enhanced services by 2024, educational administrators are confronting such critical issues as cognitive deskilling, algorithmic incomprehensibility, and undermining the professional judgment. Based on a concurrent mixed-method design, this study examined the responses of 156 leadership personnel (superintendents, principals, and provosts) in 89 institutions, based on a newly validated AI-Augmentation Decision Index (AADI). The results indicate that the institutions with the level of Augmentation Maturity 4 reduced the strategic decision cycle time by 52% and enhanced the quality of instructional decision by 38%. On the other hand, premature automation in the absence of metacognitive control was associated with 41 percent rise in ethical transgression and 37% reduction in leadership self-efficacy. It produced five fundamental design principles of cognitive symbiosis, including transparent algorithmic interfaces, calibrated trust protocols, decision decomposition frameworks, metacognitive governance and continuous learning loops. The article reveals a testable implementation roadmap of designing decision systems that enhance and not diminish human strategic intelligence in the education sector.. There is a need to conduct future research on longitudinal effects of leadership development and student outcomes
Effect of Circuit Training on Selected Physical Fitness Components of Cricket Players
Full text linkThis experimental study aimed to investigate the impact of an eight-week circuit training program on selected physical fitness components among male cricket players aged 20 to 25 years. A sample of 30 male cricket players from Abdul Wali Khan University participated in the study, undergoing a meticulously designed Circuit Training Program (CTP) three days per week for eight weeks. The study employed an array of tests, including assessments of agility and muscular endurance. The initial t-test results indicated no significant pre-treatment differences between the Control Group (CG) and Experimental Group (EG). However, subsequent analyses revealed compelling evidence supporting the effectiveness of the circuit training program. Significant improvements were observed in muscular endurance and agility, within the Experimental Group, emphasizing the positive impact of the intervention. The study provides valuable insights into the tailored training interventions for cricket players, highlighting the importance of circuit training in enhancing various physical fitness components. Recommendations for coaches, trainers, and players are outlined to optimize training programs and foster comprehensive athlete development. The findings contribute to the sports science literature and underscore the significance of personalized training interventions for specific athletic populations.
Keywords: Circuit Training, Muscular Endurance, Agility, Cricket Player
An Analysis of Sports Financial Management Practices in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities
Full text linkThis study examines financial management practices in Pakistan’s sports federations, identifying major challenges and emerging opportunities for reform. Employing a convergent mixed-methods design, it combines data from audited accounts, budget reports, questionnaire surveys, and semi-structured interviews with finance officers, sponsors, and regulators. Results show moderate strengths in budget planning and internal controls but significant weaknesses in procurement transparency, public disclosure, and uptake of performance-linked funding. Larger federations outperform smaller ones, reflecting disparities in capacity and resources. Qualitative findings reveal persistent barriers—including limited financial expertise, political interference, and fragmented oversight—while also highlighting the potential of digital transparency platforms, public–private partnerships, and capacity-building initiatives to improve governance and accountability. Overall, the study underscores that while recent reforms such as the Sports Funding Regulations 2025 have laid important groundwork, stronger enforcement, standardized procedures, and diversified revenue streams are critical to achieving transparent, sustainable, and equitable financial management across Pakistan’s sports sector.
Keywords: Sports financial management; transparency; accountability; Pakistan Sports Board; public–private partnerships; capacity building; performance-based fundin
Thematic and stylistic analysis of Khalid Javed\u27s Novels: خالد جاوید کے ناولوں کا موضوعاتی اور اسلوبیاتی مطالعہ
No full textKhalid Jawed is one of the prominent Urdu fiction writers of the twenty-first century.
His notable and thought-provoking novels from this period include Maut Ki Kitab (The Book of Death), Nemat Khana (The Feast), and Ek Khanjar Pani Mein (A Dagger in the Water). These novels have gained recognition for their literary style and the profound themes they encapsulate. A defining feature of Jawed\u27s fiction is its exploration of the complexities of human life and the endurance with which individuals confront existential challenges.
His works delve into significant themes such as death, hatred, desire, suicide, grief and suffering, and domestic issues. Among these, death emerges as a central motif, which he addresses in a distinctive and unconventional manner, making it a recurring theme across his novels. Jawed presents these subjects through a unique, philosophically rich literary style, offering readers a deep and often unsettling engagement with the darker facets of human experience. this article may exhort the thought and critical approach of the reade
Importance of Water and Its Effects on During and After Exercise of Both Athletes and Coaches
Full text linkBackground: Athletes and trainers participating in intense activity or sports training, water is an important nutrient that is vital to preserving physiological equilibrium. Maintaining enough hydration promotes peak performance, avoids consequences from dehydration, and facilitates recuperation. On the other hand, dehydration can result in exhaustion, decreased stamina, and a higher chance of accidents. Aims: The purpose of this study is to investigate the significance of water as a necessary nutrient for athletes and trainers, emphasizing its impact on endurance, performance, and recovery after exercise. Methodology: This study examines the effects of various pre-exercise hydration techniques on athletic performance and recovery after high-intensity training (HIT) using an experimental, randomized controlled trial conducted at different universities in Faisalabad, involving a sample of (n=30) athletes and trainers. Participants were selected with a minimum of three months of continuous High-intensity Training experience, no prior history of metabolic or cardiovascular diseases, and a baseline hydration condition within normal ranges (urine specific gravity < 1.040) are requirements for inclusion. (n=30) male athletes between the age of 18 to 28 M± SD (2.05±1.076). One of three pre-exercise hydration groups water, electrolyte solution, or sports drink will be given at random to each participant. Standardized hydration methods will provide uniformity among participants. Results: Statistical analyses were performed using paired sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression, and correlation tests. The paired sample t-test results indicated a significant level (p < 0.05). According to the study, adequate hydration improves cardiovascular efficiency, muscular function, and thermoregulation, all of which contribute to better sports performance. Reduced cognitive function, cramping in the muscles, heat-related diseases, and a longer recovery period were all linked to dehydration. It has been shown that maintaining electrolyte balance, minimizing muscular discomfort, and speeding up recovery all depend on post-exercise hydration. Conclusion: An essential nutrient that has a big influence on sports performance and recuperation is water. Prioritizing hydration techniques is essential for athletes and trainers to maximize performance, reduce the danger of dehydration, and improve recovery after training. Sports training programs should include instruction on proper hydration and customized fluid consumption recommendations.
Keywords: Water Importance, Athletes, Coaches, Dehydration, Exercis
Reimagining Federalism: Constitutional Challenges in Pakistan’s Multi-Tier Governance System
Full text linkFederalism in Pakistan is both a constitutional framework and a contested political practice, shaped by historical centralization, amendments, and political bargaining. This study examines the constitutional and institutional challenges facing Pakistan’s multi-tier governance, including ambiguities in legislative powers, fiscal imbalances from National Finance Commission arrangements, weak intergovernmental bodies like the Council of Common Interests, and the uneven integration of the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Using a qualitative approach, the research analyses constitutional texts, policy documents, judicial rulings, and scholarly literature to identify gaps between legal provisions and practical implementation. Findings indicate that constitutional amendments alone cannot ensure effective federalism; sustainable governance requires fiscal equity, strong intergovernmental mechanisms, and a normative shift toward cooperative governance. The article concludes with legal, institutional, and policy recommendations to strengthen cooperative federalism, promote inclusive development, and enhance stability, emphasizing that Pakistan’s federal structure must combine constitutional design with functional and equitable institutional practices
Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain Transparency: Transforming Global Business Operations and Reducing Fraud
Full text linkThis article explores the role of blockchain technology in enhancing supply chain transparency, mitigating fraud, and ensuring ethical practices in global business operations. It also investigates blockchain\u27s relevance in revolutionizing supply chains in relation to transparency, fraud reduction, and traceability. It combines theoretical models, case study reports, and industrial cases with the experimental studies that verify the potential of a blockchain as designed. This research has shown that the blockchain, a decentralized and immutable ledger, is an asset in making significant improvements when it comes to supply chain visibility, the veracity of goods, and trust minimization. Blockchain guarantees too by providing clear and expert justification for a series of transactions is all about transparency and facilitating trust between its parties as it\u27s simplifying business procedures. All of this research suggests that if blockchains can be implemented in supply chains then it is possible that supply chains could become more effective, securer and more transparent: benefitting a range of stakeholders including producers and consumers. The ability of blockchain to eliminate fraud and enhance accountability may prove to be a disruptive factor in the future of worldwide business practices
Effect of Mental Imagery on the Performance of Male University Football Players
No full textThis study investigates the effect of imagery techniques on the performance of male football players at the University of Haripur. Football, as a globally celebrated sport, requires not only physical prowess but also psychological resilience and strategic thinking. The research highlights the significance of various types of imagery skill, strategy, goal, affect, and mastery in enhancing player performance. A survey was conducted among 50 male football players, utilizing a structured questionnaire to gather data on their experiences and perceptions regarding imagery techniques. The findings reveal that players exhibit strong abilities in skill and affective imagery, indicating ease in visualizing technical improvements and emotional experiences during play. Goal imagery also showed high scores, particularly in envisioning competitive success. Conversely, participants struggled with strategy and mastery imagery, suggesting difficulty in mentally planning game tactics and maintaining confidence under pressure. These results highlight both the potential and the limitations of mental imagery use among university level players. The study concludes with recommendations for structured mental skills training, aiming to strengthen strategic thinking and resilience through guided visualization exercises, thereby improving overall football performance and psychological readiness.
Keywords: Imagery, Football Players, Universit
Exploring the Impact of Recreational Activities on Physical Development in Preschool Children
Full text linkPurpose: This study investigates the impact of recreational activity participation on physical development among preschool children in District Multan, drawing on developmental theory and supported by empirical evidence. The research specifically examines how engagement in recreational activities relates to key physical development domains, including gross motor skills, fine motor skills, and coordination. Research Methodology: Utilizing a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from a stratified random sample of 500 participants, including 400 preschool children (equally distributed by gender and school type) and 100 teachers and heads from public and private institutions. Standardized instruments, the Preschool Physical Development Checklist (PPDC) and the Recreational Activity Implementation Questionnaire (RAIQ) were employed, both validated and demonstrating high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha > .80). Results: Data analysis was conducted using SPSS v27, applying descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent samples t-tests, and regression models. Results revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between recreational activity participation and physical development (r = .524, p < .001). Children engaging in recreational activities more frequently (4–5 times per week) showed significantly higher levels of physical development compared to those participating less often (t = -7.51, p < .001). No statistically significant gender differences were identified (p = .104). A moderation analysis further demonstrated that age significantly influenced the strength of the relationship between recreational activity and physical development (B = 0.019, p = .007), suggesting developmental gains are amplified with age. Conclusion and Practical Implications: These findings emphasize the critical role of structured and unstructured recreational activity in promoting physical development during early childhood. The study contributes to the evidence base supporting the integration of frequent, developmentally appropriate physical activity into early education programs. It offers policy-relevant implications for curriculum planning, teacher training, and school infrastructure, particularly in underserved regions, underscoring the necessity of embedding active play into preschool education frameworks.
Keywords: Recreational Activities, Physical Development, Preschool Children, Motor Skills, Early Childhood Education, Multan, Quantitative Research