Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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The Effect of Traditional Games (Congklak) on Cognitive and Fine Motor Development in Children Under Five
No full textBackground: In theory, games can be used as a stimulus for optimizing brain development in children under five. Traditional game may be useful to improve brain development. This study aimed to analyze the effect of traditional games (congklak) on cognitive and fine motor development in children under five.Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experiment study with pre and post-test design conducted at Gembong Sawah, Surabaya, East Java, in February 2021. A total of 33 childrens under five was selected by random sampling. The dependent variable were cognitive and fine motor development. The independent variable was traditional game (congklak). The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed by Wilcoxon.Results: Cognitive development on children under five was higher after intervention (Mean= 34.72; SD= 6.07) than before (Mean=26.88; SD= 6.12) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Fine motor development in children under five (Mean= 24.58; SD= 3.96) was higher than before (Mean=18.52; SD= 4.61) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Traditional game (congklak) effectively improves cognitive and fine motor development among children under five.Keywords: traditional games, cognitive development, fine motor development.Correspondence: Rukmini. School of Health Science Adi Husada. Jl. Kapasari No.95, Kapasan, Simokerto, Surabaya, East Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281231833801.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(01): 44-51https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.01.05
Meta-Analysis: Effect of Endometriosis and Intrauterine Device Contraceptive on Ectopic Pregnancy
No full textBackground: Ectopic pregnancy is an early complication of pregnancy with high morbidity and mortality. Several studies have examined a history of endometriosis and IUD use as risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, but have shown mixed results. This study aims to analyze the influence of a history of endometriosis and IUD use on the incidence of ectopic pregnancy based on previous primary studies.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted with the PRISMA flow diagram guidelines. The article search process was carried out on the PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, SAGE, JSTOR, and Scopus databases, for articles published from 2005 to 2022. The keywords used were: “Endometriosis” AND “Intrauterine Contraceptive Device” OR “Intrauterine Device” OR “IUD” OR “IUCD” AND “Ectopic Pregnancy” OR “Extrauterine Pregnancy” OR “Tubal Pregnancy” OR “Pregnancy Outcomes” OR “Pregnancy Complications” AND “Multivariate” OR “Multivariable” OR “Adjusted Odds Ratio” OR “aOR ". Analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software. Population: pregnant women of reproductive age. Intervention: endometriosis, using the IUD. Comparison: no endometriosis, no IUD use. Outcome: ectopic pregnancy. Inclusion criteria were full-text observational study articles in English and Indonesian, with ectopic pregnancy as the outcome, analyzed multivariately by including adjusted Odds Ratio/aOR. The analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 software.Results: A total of 11 articles from Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, and North America were found to meet the criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the overall analysis of 4 articles consisting of 2 cohort studies and 2 case-control studies were that endometriosis increased the risk of ectopic pregnancy 1.39 times higher than without endometriosis (aOR= 1.39, 95% CI= 1.16 to 1.68; p < 0.001). The results of the analysis of 7 case-control study articles showed that the use of IUDs increased the risk of ectopic pregnancy 1.35 times compared to not using the IUD and was not statistically significant (aOR= 1.35, 95% CI = 0.45 to 4.03; p = 0.590).Conclusion: Endometriosis is a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. IUD use increased the risk of ectopic pregnancy but was not statistically significant.Keywords: endometriosis, IUD, ectopic pregnancy, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Afifa Intifadha Habibatullah. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085728146915.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(04): 387-397https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.04.03
Differences Levels of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium Before and After Cisplatin Administration in Child with Osteosarcoma
No full textBackground: Cisplatin is one of the most commonly used cytostatic chemotherapy agents, especially in patients with solid tumors such as osteosarcoma. The exact mechanism of whether and how cisplatin causes electrolyte disturbances is still unclear. This study aims to determine the differences in levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium with the administration of cisplatin in children with osteosarcoma.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical retrospective study using secondary data in the form of medical records. The sample size in this study was calculated by the single proportion for¬mula. The population was children with osteosarcoma who had been given cisplatin che¬motherapy at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta in January to March 2021. Total of 25 samples were included in this study. The variables studied included the administration of Cisplatin (independent variable) and electrolyte levels including sodium, magnesium, potassium and calcium (dependent variable). The research instrument used is medical records Data were analyzed using repated Anova test, Wilcoxon rank test, and post hoc test.Results: There were differences and decreases in electrolyte levels before and after cisplatin administration in osteosarcoma patients, respectively: sodium (p <0.001), potassium (p= 0.002), calcium (p <0.001), and magnesium (p <0.001). The greatest decrease in electrolyte levels occurred in the fourth cycle after administration of cisplatin, respectively: sodium (mean= -4.44; p <0.001), potassium (Mean= -0.46; p= 0.002), calcium (Mean= -0.11, p <0.001), and magnesium (Mean= -0.07, p <0.001).Conclusion: Cisplatin can interfere with electrolyte reabsorption in the renal tubules. Hypo-mag¬nesemia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia and hyponatremia were found in children with osteosarcoma who received cisplatin. The decrease in electrolyte levels was greatest especially after undergoing the 4th cycle of chemotherapy. This was associated with repeated exposure in which the kidneys accumulated higher levels of cisplatin.Keywords: osteosarcoma, cisplatin, electrolyte.Correspondence: Hendra Wardhana. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Jalan Kolonel Sutarto No. 132, Sura¬karta, Indonesia. Mobile: 082233413741. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(05): 609-617https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.05.12
Meta-Analysis the Effect of Prenatal Yoga to Lower Anxiety and Stress in Intrapartum Women
No full textBackground: Pregnant women are very susceptible to complications or high risk during pregnancy, especially before delivery, causing anxiety and stress. Prenatal yoga is known to relax breathing which can relax muscles and reduce anxiety. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of prenatal yoga on pregnant women on anxiety and stress in the face of labor.Subjects and Method: This study was a meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: pregnant women. Intervention: prenatal yoga. Comparison: not doing prenatal yoga. Result: reduced stress and anxiety. Keywords to search for articles “Prenatal Yoga” OR “Pregnancy yoga” AND “Anxiety” AND “Stress” AND “randomized controlled trial”. The articles included are full-text English and a randomized controlled trial study design from 2009-2021. Article selection is done by using PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 12 RCT studies from the Asian, American and European continents were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 9 articles stated that pregnant women who do prenatal yoga can reduce anxiety about childbirth by 0.86 times compared to not doing prenatal yoga (SMD = -0.86; 95% CI -1.50 to -0.21; p= 0.010) and 5 articles state that pregnant women those who do prenatal yoga can reduce stress during childbirth by 1.23 times compared to those who do not do prenatal yoga (SMD= -1.23; 95% CI= -1.59 to -0.87; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Prenatal yoga can reduce anxiety and stress in pregnant women in the face of childbirth.Keywords: anxiety, stress, pregnancy, prenatal yogaCorrespondence: Adetya Wulandari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Mobile: 081274814357. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(04): 419-431https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.04.0
The Effect of Low Dose of Aspirin on the Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: In 2020 there were 4,627 maternal deaths in Indonesia. Preeclampsia is a complication in pregnancy that occurs 2-8% of all pregnancies and is a major cause of maternal morbidity. Low-dose aspirin has been shown to be a safe and effective primary prevention for the incidence of preeclampsia. With preventive measures can reduce both moral and material losses for patients at high risk for the incidence of preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of the effect of low-dose aspirin on the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women based on previous research.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct. The articles used are published articles from 2012-2022. The keywords used to search the article were “Aspirin OR Acetylsalicylic Acid AND Prevention AND Pre-Eclampsia OR Toxemia AND Randomized Controlled Trials”. The inclusion criteria used are articles with randomized control trial studies, full text articles are available, the results of the analysis used are Risk Ratio. The population of the study was high-risk pregnant women, the research intervention was the administration of low-dose aspirin, the study comparison was a placebo, and the outcome of the study was preeclampsia, the articles were in English or Indonesian. The article search results are listed in the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 7 articles from China, America, India, Congo, Guatemala, Pakistan, and Finland showed that aspirin had an effect of 0.87 times in reducing the incidence of preeclampsia when compared with placebo or no administration (RR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.05). although not statistically significant (p=0.160).Conclusion: Low-dose aspirin affects the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women.Keywords: low-dose aspirin, preeclampsia, and pregnant womenCorrespondence: Meike Arianty. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282284818070.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(02): 183-192https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.02.08
A Descriptive Study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Yogyakarta
No full textBackground: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a disorder of carbohydrate tolerance that increases blood sugar levels. It is first known during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. This study aims to determine the description of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence in Sleman Yogyakarta in 2018. Subjects and Method: This was a descriptive study. This study used secondary data wich written from medicalrecords blood sugar classification ≥105 gr/dL and fasting blood sugar ≥126 gr/dL. The population was 1023. The sample was 80 which was taken by using simple random sampling technique from January-December 2018 at Minggir Primary Health Center, Tempel I Primary Health Center and Mlati 1 Primary Health Center, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Results: The results of the study showed that from 80 pregnant women who examined their blood sugar levels, 47 subjects (58.8%) experienced DMG, 39 subjects (48.8%) aged ≥35 years, 50 subjects (62.5%) had preterm gestational age, 34 subjects (42.5%) had primary education (elementary/ junior high school), 47 subjects (58.8%) did not work/housewives, 54 subjects (67.5%) were parity ≥2x, 38 subjects (47.5%) were overweight, 47 subjects (58.8%) had GDM history, 47 subjects (58.8%) had hypertension in pregnancy, and 41 subjects (51.3%) had an incomplete Ante Natal Care (ANC) examination. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the incidence of GDM in Sleman is high, with characteristics of age at risk (≥35 years), history of previous illnesses and obesity.Keywords: gestasional diabetes mellitus, incidence, pregnant womenCorrespondence: Indriani, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Phone: +628213764529.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(02): 148-157https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.02.04
Maternal Employment and Nutritional Status of Preschool Children
No full textBackground: The early childhood development is most crucial and the mother’s care and attention is essential. The purpose of the study was to compare the nutritional status of preschool children between employed and unemployed mothers.Subjects and Method: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 children aged fewer than five years with their respondents. The study was conducted in the urban community of Rajshahi city from January, 2018 to December, 2018. The dependent variables were nutritional status of preschool children. The independent variables were socio-demographic characteristics and maternal employment. Respondents were selected by a purposive sampling method and data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview. Nutritional status was determined by anthropometric measurements. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21. The findings of the study were presented by frequency, percentage, Mean, SD and Chisquare test.Results: The mean ages of the employed and unemployed mothers were Mean= 30.79; SD=2.99 and Mean= 30.58; SD= 2.89 years respectively. Most of the employed mothers (91.0%) practiced exclusive breast-feeding for 6 months. Among the unemployed mothers, 64.0% practiced, which was a high statistical difference (p <0.001). There was highly significant statistical difference among mothers of two groups regarding starting complementary feeding as p=0.004. There was no significant statistical difference regarding children’s mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) classification. Weight for age (WAZ) - score, height for age (HAZ)-score and weight for height (WHZ)-score of employed and unemployed mother’s children showed a significant difference (p<0.05).Conclusion: Maternal employed status plays an essential role in determining child health care practice, which may influence a child’s health and development in later life. Keywords: childhood nutrition, maternal employment, stunting, underweight, wasting.Correspondence: Md. Motiur Rahman, Out Patient Department (OPD), Upazila Health Complex, Muksudpur, Gopalganj, Banhladesh. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 01937121255.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(06): 662-673https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.06.05
A Comparative Study of the Incidence of Hypoglycaemia and Hypocalcaemia in Neonatal Seizures Occurring within 72 Hours of Birth Admitted in NICU at a Tertiary Care Centre
No full textBackground: Recognition of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia in Neonatal seizures is important for to prompt diagnosis and therapeutic implications. Study aimed to analyse the incidence of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia in neonatal seizures occurring within 72 hours of birth in 32-37 weeks preterm and term (37-42 weeks) babies.Subjects and Method: A prospective hospital based observational study enrolled total of 105 neonates presenting with seizures activity within 72 hours of birth admitted to NICU of SV Medical College, Tirupati from September 2013 to October 2014. Samples selected by Simple random sampling method. Detailed antenatal, natal and postnatal history including CNS examination were taken and investigations estimated includes complete blood counts and picture, random blood sugar, and serum ionic calcium. The analysis data was chi square test with SPSS for Windows (Ver 20), SPSS Inc. New York.Results: The results was In neonatal seizures occurring within 72 hours of birth, hypoglycaemia (62.9%) was common, more so in preterm babies both hypoglycaemia 9 (37.5%) and combination of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia 9 (37.5%). The association between type of delivery and hypoglycaemia/ hypocalcaemia shown significant different (p=0.002). The association between Birth Weight and hypoglycaemia/ hypocalcaemia shown a very high significant different (p< 0.001).Conclusion: In neonatal seizures occurring within 72 hours of birth, hypoglycaemia (62.9%) was common, more so in preterm babies both hypoglycaemia 09 (37.5%) and combination of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia 09 (37.5%).Keywords: neonatal seizures, hypoglycaemia, hypocalcaemia.Correspondence: Sajid Basha, Department of Paediatrics, GMC, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh-516002, India. email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(02): 222-230https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.02.11
Burnout among Indian Maternity Care Providers during COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textBackground: Occupational burnout among healthcare providers has been a matter of focus since many years. Burnout can involve emotional and physical exhaustion and cause reduced acknow-led¬gement of personal accomplishment. Burnout can be accentuated in times of increased stress on healthcare system, like during the current episode of COVID-19 pandemic. Maternity care providers (MCP) face unique challenge in the given context owing to longer duty hours, high exposure to emergency situations and high expectation of deliverance.Subjects and Method: An online, nationwide, invited survey was conducted involving 198 MCP (28 interns, 52 residents, 82 consultant/faculty, 36 staff nurses) who were assessed for burnout and professional fulfillment using Professional fulfillment index (PFI), for self-preparedness regarding COVID-19 using Knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) ques¬tio¬nnai¬re and for family support using another questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of burnout in MCP was 36.36%. It was significantly high among interns posted in maternity services (64.28%) and least amongst obstetrics residents (26.92%). MCP with burnout tended to have higher number of night-shifts and employ¬ment in government set-ups. Subjects with burnout also scored lower on KAP questionnaire and, professional fulfillment and worse family support.Conclusion: The prevalence of burnout in MCP was quite high, but our study could not find any significant rise during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional design and possible selection bias were the major limitations of our study. Our study provides important clues required in the micro-planning that can help lessen the burden of burnout in MCP.Keywords: burnout, maternity care provider, obstetrics, professional fulfillment, COVID-19.Correspondence: Arghya Pal. Department of Psychiatry. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Email- [email protected]. Mobile: 9674417987.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(02): 125-137https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.02.02
Vitamin D Status in Madura Pregnant Women with Hypertension: A Case Control Study
No full textBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is inversely related to blood pressure and may contribute to the genesis and maintenance of hypertension. However, in many clinical studies the relationship between vitamin D status and blood pressure has not shown consistent results. This study aims to analyze differences in vitamin D status in Madurese ethnic pregnant women with hypertension and non-hypertension.Subjects and Method: This research is an analytical observational design with a case control study. The target population in this study were pregnant women who came from the Madurese ethnicity. The affordable population is pregnant women who come from the Madurese ethnicity in the Work Area of the Bangkalan District Health Office. The study was conducted in the period from May 2018 to February 2020. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling. The sample size was 105 pregnant women with hypertension and 105 controls. The independent variables included consumption of food sources of vitamin D and exposure to ultraviolet B rays. The dependent variable was vitamin D levels. Data on consumption of foods that were sources of vitamin D was obtained using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Data on exposure to ultraviolet B (UV B) rays were obtained by questionnaire. Data on vitamin D levels were obtained from the collection of blood serum which was then analyzed by ELISA Kit. Independent Sample T and chi square test were used to analyze the differences in variables between the two groups.Results: The mean value of vitamin D levels in the case and control groups were 37.87 ng/mL and 37.89 ng/mL, respectively. Subjects with vitamin D insufficient status were more in the case group (19.00%) than the control group (16.20%). The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in vitamin D levels (p= 0.984) and vitamin D status (p= 0.587). Insufficient exposure to UV B provides a 3.95 times greater risk of experiencing insufficient vitamin D.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the role of vitamin D in the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy has not been determined.Keywords: hypertension pregnancy, pregnancy, UV B exposure, consumption patterns, vitamin DJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(01): 1-8https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.01.01