Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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The Relationship between Maternal Characteristics and Health Workers Role on Early Complementary Feeding in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textBackground: Early complementary feeding in Indonesia, especially in Palu city, is still relatively high and should focus. Early complementary feeding can negatively affect babies, such as being more susceptible to disease than babies who only get breast milk. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal characteristics and the role of health workers on early complementary feeding in the Pantoloan Public Health Center, Palu City.Subjects and Method: This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in all Integrated Healthcare Centers in the Pantoloan Health Center working area from April to October 2021. The research sample was mothers aged 0-6 months with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sampling is done by total sampling. Complementary feeding was the dependent variable in this study. The independent variables in this study were the mother's characteristics in the form of age, education, occupation, maternal parity, and the role of health workers. This Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by univariate and bivariate tests.Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal characteristics in the form of age (p= 0.031), education (p= 0.002), occupation (p= 0.035), parity (p= 0.027), and the role of health workers (p= 0.046) in the provision of early complementary feeding in the work area of the Pantoloan Public Health Center, Palu City.Conclusion: Early complementary feeding can be influenced by maternal characteristics such as age, education, occupation, and parity, as well as the influence of the role of health workers.Keywords: maternal characteristics, health workers, complementary feeding, diarrhea, infant mortalityCorrespondence: Endyka Erye Frety. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, Jawa Timur. E-mail: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285646706520.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(06): 698-706https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.06.08
The Effect of Hypnotherapy on Serum Cortisol Levels in Post-Cesarean Patients
No full textBackground: After cesarean section, there is often an increase in stress and anxiety which can have a negative effect on pain perception. Cortisol is the main stress hormone that regulates the duration and intensity of the stress response. Hypnotherapy is a therapy with a hypnotic method to reach someone's subconscious mind. Hypnotherapy is thought to be able to help patients in the post-section coping method because it can cause feelings of pleasure, satisfaction, safety, comfort and can make a person feel they have the strength of themselves to deal with the anxiety they experience. This study aims to analyze the effect of hypnotherapy on serum cortisol levels in postareaal section patients.Subjects and Method: This study was an experimental single-blind randomized controlled trial post-test group design which was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology wards of Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta and Dr. R Soetijono Blora Hospital. The subjects of the study were post-sectional patients who were hospitalized and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely the hypnotherapy group which consisted of 15 post-sectional patients who received hypnotherapy and the control group which consisted of 15 postareaal patients who did not receive hypnotherapy. All subjects were examined for cortisol levels in the Prodia laboratory using the Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method. The data of both groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test.Results: The median, minimum, and maxi-mum cortisol levels in the hypnotherapy group were 3.60, 2.10, and 4.40 respectively, while the median, minimum and maximum cortisol values in the control group were 10.50, 8.20 and 32.80 respectively. Effect size= -2,2. The results of the analysis test showed a significant difference in mean values (p <0.001).Conclusion: Hypnotherapy has an effect on decreasing cortisol levels in post-cesarean section patients.Keywords: Hypnotherapy, Cortisol, Post-cesarean sectionCorrespondence: Inne Rizkiani. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Sura-karta, Jl. Kolonel Sutarto, Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java 57126.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 01(03): 258-266https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.03.0
The Effect of Low Birth Weight on Stunting in Children Under Five: A Meta Analysis
No full textBackground: The main nutritional problem in children under five, which is still found in many countries in the world, is stunting. The relationship between risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) in children has been investigated in several primary studies with a number of contradictions in the results. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low birth weight (LBW) on the incidence of stunting in children under 60 months in various countries using the meta-analysis method.Subjects and Method: The articles were selected from the Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Microsoft Academic, and Science Direct databases published from 2000-2021. Article collection for 2 months with search keywords (“Low Birth Weight” OR “LBW”) AND “Stunting” AND (“adjusted odds ratio” OR “multivariable”). The meta-analysis step used is a PRISMA flowchart. Data analysis was carried out using the Review Manager 5.3 . program.Results: Based on 11 primary studies conducted in Brazil, Ethiopia, and Indonesia, it was shown that in a cross-sectional study LBW could increase the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-60 months by 3.64 times compared to non-LBW (aOR = 3.64; 95% CI = 2.70). up to 4.90; p<0.001). While the case-control study showed that LBW can increase the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-60 months as much as 6.95 times compared to non-LBW (aOR= 6.95; 95% CI = 4.02 to 12.04; p<0.001).Conclusion: Low birth weight increases the risk of stunting in the population of children under 60 months of age.Keywords: low birth weight, stunting, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Tyas Aisyah Putri. Faculty of Public Health. Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo 55164, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: tyas.putri@ikm.uad.ac.id. Mobile: +6285725003949.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(04): 496-506https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.04.11
Factors of Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage among Women Delivered at Yirgalem General Hospital Southern, Ethiopia: A case control study
No full textBackground: Primary postpartum hemorrhage continues to be the top leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity all over the world, contributing about one third of all maternal mortality. Despite its public health importance of this problem, little is known about factors that contribute to primary postpartum hemorrhage especially in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors of primary postpartum hemorrhage. Subjects and Method: Hospital based unmatched case control study design was used. The study was conducted in July 2019, among delivered women at Yirgalem general hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 30, 2018; to all cases of primary postpartum hemorrhage (n= 218) and 436 controls selected by using simple random sampling techniques. Women with primary postpartum hemorrhage were cases and women who had not diagnosed for primary postpartum hemorrhage were controls. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were made. Statistical association was measured by AOR and its 95% CI. Results: Incidence of primary postpartum hemorrhage was 221 in 8,506 live births (2.6%) in the study period. Primiparas (AOR= 0.37 ;95% CI= 0.23 to 0.6; p= 0.001), grand multiparas (AOR= 5.80; 95% CI= 2.90 to 11.6; p <0.000) and rural maternal address (AOR= 1.90; 95% CI= 1.20 to 3.00; p= 0.008) were factors that have a statistically significant association with primary postpartum hemorr¬hage. Conclusion: Parity and rural residence were associated factors. Therefore, the government and other responsible stakeholders should give attention to women with grand multiparas and those women residing in rural area. Immediate identification of risk factors and management might reduce largely the occurrence of primary PPH and related maternal deaths.Keywords: Primary postpartum hemorrhage, case-control, risk factors, Ethiopia.Correspondence: Achamyelesh Gebretsadik College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawa-ssa, Ethiopia.Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +251911303128.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(06): 739-748https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.06.12
Meta Analysis the Effect of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Macrosomia and Sectio Caesarea
No full textBackground: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the degree of glucose intolerance that occurs during pregnancy. DMG is caused by damage to cells and insulin resistance, resulting in hyperglycemia and an increase in abnormal growth/macrosomia which causes cesarean delivery. This study aims to analyze the magnitude of the effect of DMG on the incidence of macrosomia and caesarean section with a meta-analysis study.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted using PRISMA flow diagram. Article searches were conducted through journal databases including: PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar by selecting articles published in 2000-2020. The keywords used were: "gestational diabetes mellitus" OR "diabetes in pregnancy" AND macrosomiaAND "sectio caesarean" OR "perinatal outcomes" OR "pregnancy outcome". The inclusion criteria in this study were full text articles with an observational study design, articles using English, analysis using multivariate with adjusted odds ratio. Eligible articles were analyzed using Revman 5.3 app.Results: A total of 22 articles were reviewed in this study with a cohort study design. Meta-analysis of 12 articles showed that pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus had a 1.36 times risk of giving birth to a macrosomic baby compared to those without gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR=1.36; 95% CI=1.15 to 1.60; p<0.003), while 10 articles showed pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus had a 1.35 times risk for cesarean delivery than those without gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR=1.35; 95% CI=1.17 to 1.55; p<0.001).Conclusion: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus has a weak effect on macrosomia births and caesarean section.Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, macrosomia, sectio caesarean, meta analysisCorrespondence: Tantri Yunita Ratna. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082338868869.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(03): 376-387https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.03.1
Path Analysis: Maternal Determinants and Hair Zinc Levels as Predictors of Stunting and Developmental Disorders in Children Under Five
No full textBackground: Stunting that occurs during childhood will have an impact on the condition of cognitive development in the future. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors that have a direct and indirect effect on the stunting and developmental disorders in children under five.Subjects and Method: This was a case study located at Gurah Health Center, Kediri, East Java, from August 4th to 29th2020. A sample size of 100 subjects was selected by randomly. The dependent variables were stunting and developmental disorders. The independent variables were maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), exclusive breastfeeding, low birth weight (LBW), infants birth length, and hair zinc levels. The data were measured by questionnaire. Hair zinc levels were tested in the laboratory. Quantitative data analysis used path analysis.Results: Child development was directly and positively influenced by the maternal MUAC (b= 0.12; SE= 0.36; p<0.001), birth weight (b= 0.29; SE= 0.15; p= 0.042), birth length (b= 0.37; SE= 0.15; p= 0.011), breastfeeding (b= 0.08; SE= 0.04; p= 0.033), stunting (b= -0.39; SE= 0.10; p <0.001), and hair zinc level (b= 0.58; SE= 0.67; p <0.001). Hair zinc level was positively influenced by birth weight (b= 0.92; SE= 0.04; p <0.001). Child development was indirectly influenced by exclusive breastfeeding, birth length, and zinc levels.Conclusion: Child development is directly and positively influenced by the maternal MUAC, birth weight, birth length, breastfeeding, stunting, and hair zinc level. Hair zinc level is positively influenced by birth weight. Child development ias indirectly influenced by exclusive breastfeeding, birth length, and zinc levels.Keywords: Maternal determinant factors, hair zinc levels, stunting, developmental disordersCorrespondence: Nunik Ike Yunia Sari. Midwifery Study Program, School of Health Sciences Karya Husada Kediri. Jl. Soekarno Hatta 153 Pare Kediri, East Java. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(03): 314-326https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.03.0
The Difference of Effectiveness of Ginger Warm Compress and Consumption of Acidic Turmeric on Decreasing Primary Menstrual Pain Scale
No full textBackground: Dysmenorrhoea is pain during menstruation that is felt by teenage women, usually they experience cramps and are concentrated in the lower abdomen. Complaints of menstrual pain can vary, ranging from mild to severe. The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference in the effectiveness of ginger warm compresses and the consumption of tamarind turmeric on reducing the primary menstrual pain scale.Subjects and Method: This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental type two group pre post test design, with a population of all female students who experienced primary menstrual pain and a sample of 30 respondents with warm ginger compresses and 30 respondents who consumed tamarind and turmeric drinks. The sample was collected by purposive sampling. The data were collected by questionnaire. The independent variable was warm compresses of ginger and consumption of tamarind turmeric, the dependent variable was primary menstrual pain. The analysis used was the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests.Results:Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, there was an effect of giving a warm ginger compress (p= 0.004). Likewise, giving tamarind turmeric drink showed an effect with the result p<0.001. Based on the results of the Mann Whitney test, there was a significant difference in the effectiveness of ginger warm compresses and the consumption of tamarind turmeric on reducing the primary menstrual pain scale, with p = <0.001 results.Conclusion: It is hoped that respondents, readers, further researchers, and especially young women who experience menstrual pain, consume tamarind regularly in dealing with primary menstrual pain complaints as a non-pharmacological therapy.Keywords: primary menstrual pain, warm compresses of ginger, consumption of tamarind turmeric.Correspondence: Matilda Bupu Ria. Diploma III of Midwifery, School of Health Sciences Maranatha. Jl. Kamp. Bajawa Nasipanaf, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. E-mail: [email protected]. Mobile +6281241254153.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(03): 285-294https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.03.03
Health Impact Assessment of Covid-19 Towards Maternal Health Care in West Jakarta
No full textBackground: The Large-Scale Social Restriction Policy (PSBB) was implemented in DKI Jakarta to reduce the spread of COVID-19 due to its highest ranked case in Indonesia. A monitoring program for Maternal and Child Health (MCH) as well as Family Planning (FP) at Suku Dinas Kesehatan (Sudinkes) of West Jakarta was conducted during the pandemic. This study was done to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic towards MCH and FP services, as a basis for policy analysis and recommendations for recovery or risk mitigation program on COVID-19.Subjects and Method: This is a mixed-method study with deductive sequential design. Four indicators of the quantitative data was obtained from routine data on the Pulih Covid dashboard and analysed using SPSS version 26 become a control chart which was visualised into graphs, while the qualitative data was obtained to investigate the reasons of changing trends from quantitative data as the impact of COVID-19 on maternal health services using indepth interviews with responsible officers in Sudinkes of West Jakarta.Results: In the indicators of visiting pregnant women (K1 and K4), delivery process assisted by health personnel, and MCH services carried out at health facilities in West Jakarta were beyond the control showed by there were no direct points above or below the median line. As with the trend, the four data showed no trend and zigzag pattern starting from the third data (March 2018) to the 26th data (January 2020) on the entire control chart.Conclusion: COVID-19 impacted the decrease number of pregnant women’s visits, which coincided with the emergence of the first confirmed positive case of COVID-19 in West Jakarta. A digital monitoring system to guide the problematic patients had ever implemented, therefore, recommendation proposed in this study was the reactivation of the digitalisation on maternal health monitoring system in West Jakarta.Keywords: COVID-19, Maternal Healthcare, Health ImpactCorrespondence: Sabarinah. Biostatistics Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. Depok 16424, Indonesia. Email: sabarinahprasetyo@gmail.com. Mobile: +62816953885.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(02): 229-237https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.02.10
Lung Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion in Children
No full textBackground:Chest radiograph was currently the standard imaging for diagnosing pleural effusion. However, there were many limitations, namely radiation, varying interpretation, and long time to get results. Lung ultrasonography is an alternative procedure that is easy to learn and offers many benefits, including noninvasive, radiation free, fast, valid, and reliable. The objective of this study was to determine sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio (LR+)of lung ultrasonography performed by pediatric resident for diagnosing pleural effusionSubjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study at pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. We included pediatric patients aged 1 month-18 years from November 2018 to December 2019. A sample of 44 patients with suspected pleural effusion was selected by consecutive sampling. The independents variable was lung ulrasonography. The dependent variable were pleural effusion. All subjects underwent lung ultrasonography and chest radiograph. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio were calculated.Results:There were 44 samples with 59.1% under 1 year old and 54.5% were female. All patients came to the emergency room with complaints of shortness of breath, accompanied by fever (77.3%) or cough (63.6%). Eleven (25.0%) patients had pleural effusion based on the results of lung ultrasonography. Based on chest radiograph, seven (15.9%) patients had pleural effusion. Lung ultrasonography has sensitivity of 14.3%, specificity of 73%, and LR+ of 0.5 for diagnosing pleural effusion.Conclusion:Lung ultrasonography can be used as a tool to diagnose pleural effusion with good specificity.Keywords: lung ultrasonography; pleural effusionCorrespondence: Dewi Sitoresmi Ayuningtyas. Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Jalan Kolonel Sutarto No. 132, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: rr.dewisito[email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(02): 176-182https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.02.0
Factors Leading to Cesarean Section Delivery at Tarakan Hospital, North Kalimantan
No full textBackground: The increase in cesarean section delivery requires attention. Mortality and morbidity rates for mother and fetus increase in line with the increase in cesarean section delivery. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the delivery of cesarean section.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with a case-control design. The study was conducted at Tarakan Hospital, North Kalimantan, from 2018 to 2020. There were 200 study subjects as the sample of this study that was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was cesarean section delivery. The independent variables were parity, age, history of the disease, medical indications, and ANC history. This study used medical records to collect the data with multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: Cesarean section delivery increased with multiparous (OR= 1.26; 95% CI= 1.67 to 7.45; p= 0.001), age <20 and ≥ 35 years (OR= 1.51; 95% CI= 2.12 to 9.66; p <0.001), high-risk pregnancies such as diabetes mellitus, anemia, hypertension and preeclampsia (OR = 1.50; 95% CI = 2.12 to 9.52; p <0.001), medical indications (OR= 1.37; 95% CI = 1.82 to 8.57; p = 0.001) and complete ANC history (OR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.56; p = 0.001).Conclusion: Caesarean section delivery increases with multiparous, age <20 and ≥35 years, had a history of the disease, medical indications, and a complete ANC history.Keywords: cesarean section, influencing factors, logistic regression analysisCorrespondence: Rahmi Padlilah. University of Borneo Tarakan. Jl. Amal Lama No.1 Tarakan, North Kalimantan. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62811538073.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(01): 77-83https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.01.0