Management In Health, MIH (National School of Public Health, Management, Romania)
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ACTIVITATI STRATEGICE PENTRU PROMOVAREA COOPERARII SI COORDONARII IN MANAGEMENTUL INTERNATIONAL AL DEZASTRELOR
No full textIn a time of increasing number and severity of disasters, local, national, regional, international, continental and global cooperation and coordination are more vital than ever before. Emergency management is the lynchpin on which effective cooperation and coordination depend. By working together, a proactive plan can be formulated for future disaster management activities among the countries. Moreover, sharing of experiences and exchange of views among the experts of different countries has the potential to result in a model that may be used for disaster prevention and mitigation all over the world. Scientific and disaster mitigation organizations should seek to develop working relationships based on mutual trust and the recognition of differing characteristics, goals and needs. Regular contact among the different groups before, during, and after the disasters would greatly enhance this potential. Disaster mitigation organizations should take advantage of opportunities to work together to provide relevant training for the emergency management personnel to enhance disaster mitigation/relief efforts and the timeliness, quality and accuracy of reporting about the disasters and results of our efforts to affect them.Intr-o perioada in care asistam la un numar si o severitate a dezastrelor intr-o continua crestere, cooperarea la nivel local, national, regional, international, continental si global, ca si coordonarea sunt mult mai vitale decat oricand inainte. Managementul de urgenta este punctul principal de care depinde orice cooperare efectiva. Lucrand impreuna, poate fi formulat un plan proactiv intre tari, pentru viitoarele actiuni de management a dezastrelor. Mai mult, raspandirea experientei si schimbul de puncte de vedere intre expertii din diferite tari are potentialul de a conduce la un model care poate fi folosit in prevenirea si reducerea efectelor negative in intreaga lume. Organizatiile stiintifice si de reducere a efectelor negative ale dezastrelor trebuie sa caute sa dezvolte relatii de lucru bazate pe increderea mutuala si recunoasterea caracteristicilor ce diferentiaza scopurile si nevoile. Contactele regulate, intre diferitele organizatii, de reducere a efectelor negative inainte, in timpul, si dupa dezastre va creste mult acest potential. Organizatiile de reducere a efectelor negative ale dezastrelor trebuie sa foloseasca avantajul oportunitatilor de a lucra impreuna pentru a asigura o pregatire relevanta pentru personalul de management de urgenta, pentru a intari eforturile de reducere a efectelor negative ale dezastrelor/ajutor si timpul de reactie, calitatea si exactitatea raportarilor despre dezastre si rezultate a eforturilor noastre de a le influenta
EFECTUL OBSERVATORULUI SI AL TINTEI IN EVALUAREA COMPETENTELOR PROFESIONALE ALE ALTOR PREOFESIONSTI -AU ACESTEA UN IMPACT ASUPRA COLABORARII INTER-PROFESIONALE?
No full textInter-professional perceptions and professional stereotypes have been repeatedly suggested to influence inter-professional collaboration in health care teams in general and mental health care in particular. This study utilized the social relations model (SRM) to examine the influence of inter-professional perceptions on collaborative practices. METHODS: Participants were mental health professionals (psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses and social workers) from eighteen community mental health centers in Romania. Each professional rated his own profession as well as the other three professional categories on nine professional competencies: interpersonal skills, professional competence, leadership, academic ability, being a team player, being an independent worker, confidence, decision-making and practical skills. As an adaptation for inter-professional comparisons, in our study, individual pertaining to a professional category were considered perceivers and individuals pertaining to different professional categories were the targets. The Social Relations Model was used to analyze data collected in this matter. RESULTS: The correlational analysis of assimilation (perceiver effect) found significant associations only between two out of the nine competencies investigated and collaboration. Consensus (target effect) levels were low and not associated with collaborative practices.CONCLUSION: Levels of leadership abilities and confidence perceived to be similar for all professional categories working in community mental health centers, are associated with higher levels of inter-professional collaboration. Keywords: Social relations model, Inter-professional collaboration (IPC), Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC)CONTEXT: A fost sugerat in mod repetat ca, perceptiile inter-profesionale si stereotipurile profesionale influenteaza colaborarea inter-profesionala in echipele din domeniul sanatatii, in general, si in cele din domeniul sanatatii mintale, in special. Acest studiu a folosit modelul relatiilor sociale (MRS) pentru a examina influenta perceptiilor inter-profesionale asupra practicilor de colaborare. METODE: Participantii au fost profesionisti din domeniul sanatatii mintale (psihiatri, psihologi, asistenti medicali si sociali) din optsprezece centre comunitare de sanatate mintala din Romania. Fiecare profesionist a evaluat propria profesie, precum si celelalte trei categorii profesionale in ceea ce priveste noua competente profesionale: abilitati interpersonale, competenta profesionala, leadership, capacitati academice, abilitatea de a lucra in echipa, abilitatea de a lucra independent, incredere afisata, capacitatea de luare a deciziilor si abilitati practice. Pentru a adapta modelul relatiilor sociale spre utilizare in comparatiile inter-profesionale, indivizii care apartin unei categorii profesionale au fost asimilati observatorilor (perceivers), iar reprezentantii unei categorii profesionale diferite au fost asimilati celor observati/ tintelor (targets). REZULTATE: Folosind analiza corelationala a indicilor de asimilare (efectul observatorului) s-au gasit asocieri semnificative doar intre doua dintre cele noua competente investigate si colaborarea inter-profesionala. Nivelurile de consens (efectul tintei) au fost reduse, nefiind asociate cu practicile de colaborare. CONCLUZIE: Atunci cand nivelul abilitatilor de lidership, precum si cel al increderii afisate sunt percepute ca fiind similare pentru toate categoriile profesionale din centrele comunitare de sanatate mintala, se observa o asociere pozitiva cu niveluri ridicate ale colaborarii inter-profesionale. Cuvinte cheie: Modelul Relatiilor Sociale (MRS), Colaborarea Inter-profesionala (CIP), Centre Comunitare de Sanatate Mintala (CCSM)
Realitate și satisfacţie în spitalele guvernamentale din Kerala: Analiza perspectivei pacienţilor
No full textBACKGROUND. The most important resource of any county is its human capital. Realizing this, both the central as well as state governments have been spending huge sum of money for establishing a fairly good public health infrastructure. The people of Kerala, specifically is highly health conscious. But nearly half of the capacity at government hospitals remains unused. One of the important reasons for this is the dissatisfaction of patients with various aspects of service like the behaviour of doctors and nurses, tangible elements, responsiveness of staff etc. The present paper attempts to understand the key determinants of patients’ satisfaction with tangible elements at government hospitals in KeralaMETHODS. Data was collected from 330 patients across various government hospitals in Kerala by administering a structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using factor analysis and regression analysis with the help of SPSS software (version16). RESULTS. Factor analysis indicated that pleasantness of rooms as well as nurses, drinking water and sanitation facilities and timely availability of patient mobility facility are the key factors influencing the satisfaction of patients with tangible elements. Regression results indicated that there existed significant difference in the perception of patients regarding drinking water and sanitation facilities depending on the period of their stay at the hospitals.CONCLUSION. Based on the results of the analysis we can conclude that pleasantness of rooms and nurses, timely availability of mobility facilities and drinking water and sanitation facilities are the main factors determining patients’ satisfaction and therefore the authorities concerned should focus on these issues in order to enhance patient satisfaction. Key words: patient mobility, satisfaction, tangible elements.CONTEXT. Cea mai importantă resursă din orice regiune este capitalul său uman. Realizând acest lucru, atât guvernul central, precum şi guvernele regionale au cheltuit sume mari de bani pentru a stabili o infrastructură destul de bună de sănătate publică. Oamenii din Kerala, în special sunt extrem de atenţi cu sănătatea lor. Dar, aproape jumătate din capacitatea spitalelor guvenamnetale rămâne nefolosită. Una dintre cele mai importante motive pentru aceasta este nemulţumirea pacienţilor faţă de diferite aspecte ale serviciului medical, cum ar fi comportamentul medicilor si asistentelor medicale, elemente tangibile, capacitatea de reacţie a personalului etc. Lucrarea de faţă încearcă să înţeleagă factorii cheie determinanţi ai satisfacţiei a pacienţilor privind elemente palpabile la spitalele de stat din Kerala METODE . Datele au fost colectate de la 330 de pacienţi în diferite spitale de stat în Kerala prin administrarea unui chestionar structurat. Datele colectate au fost analizate cu ajutorul analizei factoriale și analizei de regresie cu ajutorul software-ul SPSS (version16). REZULTATE. Analiza factorială a indicat că agreerea saloanelor, precum si a asistentelor medicale, apa potabilă şi aspectul toaletelor, precum şi disponibilitatea la timp a facilităţilor de mobilitate a pacienţilor sunt factorii cheie care influenţează satisfacţia pacienţilor. Rezultatele regresiei au arătat că a existat o diferenţă semnificativă în percepţia pacienţilor cu privire la apă potabilă şi aspectul toaletelor, în funcţie de perioada de şedere a lor la spitale. CONCLUZIE. Pe baza rezultatelor analizei, putem concluziona că agreerea saloanelor, precum si a asistentelor medicale, disponibilitatea la timp a facilităţilor de mobilitate a pacienţilor şi de apă potabilă şi aspectul toaletelor sunt principalii factori care determina satisfactia pacientilor si, prin urmare, autorităţile în cauză trebuie să se concentreze asupra acestor probleme, în scopul de a spori satisfactia pacientului. Cuvinte cheie: mobilitatea pacienților, satisfacți
FINANTAREA SISTEMULUI DE SANATATE IN ROMANIA PRIN VENITURI PUBLICE
No full textThe incomes from the state budget, from private insurances and social security are the most often used modalities to finance the health services in the EU Member States. In Romania, the health financing is mainly achieved from public incomes, among these, the biggest part is provided by the budget of the Sole National Fund of Social Health Insurances, integrated with amounts from the state budget and from the state social securities budget, and also from personal incomes of the population.The system of public incomes on national level implies a variety of forms and methods to attract money means to the state budget and to the FNUASS budget necessary for financing and for its own functions, under the conditions of diminishing such incomes and creating certain financial disequilibriums.The sustainability of the social health insurance system is conditioned on the capacity of incomes collection that should cover the present and future expenses. Keywords: financing, income, health social insurance, contributionVeniturile de la bugetul de stat, din asigurarile private si asigurarile sociale, reprezinta cele mai des intalnite modalitati de finantare a serviciilor de sanatate in statele membre ale UE. In Romania, finantarea sanatatii se realizeaza, in principal, din venituri publice, dintre acestea, cea mai mare parte fiind asigurata de bugetul Fondului National Unic de Asigurari Sociale de Sanatate, completata cu sume de la bugetul de stat si din bugetul asigurarilor sociale de stat, precum si din veniturile proprii ale populatiei.Sistemul veniturilor publice la nivel national presupune o varietate de forme si metode pentru atragerea la bugetul statului si al FNUASS a mijloacelor banesti necesare finantarii si functiilor sale, in conditiile diminuarii acestor venituri si crearea unor dezechilibre financiare.Sustenabilitatea sistemului de asigurari sociale de sanatate este conditionata de capacitatea de colectare a veniturilor care trebuie sa acopere cheltuielile prezente si viitoare. Cuvinte cheie: finantare, venit, asigurari sociale de sanatate, contributi
Interviu - Acreditarea unităților sanitare cu paturi și calitatea serviciilor spitalicești din România
No full textȘomajul şi depresia - studiu privind prezenţa şi nivelul de severitate al depresiei la şomeri şi angajaţi
No full textAmong the negative effects regarding the quality of human life, of family and society, depression can be considered a major public health problem. THE PURPOSE of this survey is to identify and quantify the frequence of depression among the unemployed persons and the employees.METHODOLOGY: two equal random samples of employees (200 persons) and unemployed persons (200 persons) were selected from the urban area (Bucharest), by applying a psychiatric interview and a number of inclusion/exclusion criteria. The presence and the intensity of depression has been measured by means of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II).RESULTS: Depression is much more frequent among the unemployed persons as compared to the employees; for an employee the chances to have depression are 59.5% lower than for someone who is not employed. Depression is much more frequent and more intense for women than for men both for the unemployed persons and the employees; the chances to have depression are 92.5% bigger for a woman as compared to a man.CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account the study results, we consider useful the identification and implementation of a strategy for the prevention and treatment of depression, especially addressed to the most vulnerable category of unemployed persons. Key words: depression, unemployed, employees.Prin efectele negative produse asupra calităţii vieţii individului, a familiei şi societăţii, depresia poate fi considerată un obiectiv major de sănătate publică. Obiectivul acestui studiu este să identifice şi să cuantifice frecvenţa depresiei în rândul şomerilor şi angajaţilor.MATERIAL ŞI METODĂ: s-au selectat aleatoriu două loturi egale de şomeri (200 persoane) şi angajaţi (200 persoane) din mediul urban (Bucureşti) pe baza unui interviu psihiatric şi a unor criterii de includere şi excludere. S-au măsurat prezenţa şi intensitatea depresiei cu Inventarul de depresie Beck (BDI II).REZULTATE: depresia este mai frecventă la şomeri comparativ cu angajaţii; pentru un angajat șansele de a avea depresie scad cu 59.5%, comparativ cu un șomer. Depresia este mai frecventă şi mai intensă la femei decât la bărbaţi atât la şomeri cât si la angajaţi; pentru o femeie șansele de a avea depresie cresc cu 92.5%, comparativ cu un bărbat.CONCLUZII: având în vedere rezultatele anterioare, considerăm utilă identificarea şi implementarea unor strategii de prevenţie şi tratament al depresiei, in special in cazul persoanelor aflate în şomaj, aceastea reprezentând o categorie populaţională vulnerabilă. Cuvinte cheie: depresie, şomeri, angajaţi
EGALITATEA DISTRIBUŢIEI GEOGRAFICE A PATURILOR SPITALICEŞTI PENTRU TRANSPLANT RENAL IN IRAN: UN STUDIU AL INDEXULUI GINI
No full textObjectives: Kidney transplant is today one of the most common treatments prescribed for end stage renal diseases, which is annually performed in great numbers in Iran. On the other hand, the fair distribution of public health services is one of the most important goals that health systems are seeking to realize. Among different health services, equal accessibility to advanced treatments, including kidney transplant, is of utmost importance. Hence, the present study attempts to examine the equality, or lack thereof, of the geographical distribution of kidney transplant beds in Iran using the Gini coefficient index. Methods: The demographic and population data for different provinces of Iran are based on the 2006 census survey reported by the Statistics Center of Iran and the data on the number of kidney transplant beds by province were obtained from the Iranian Ministry of Health in the same year. The proportion of kidney transplant beds was calculated for a population of 100,000 in each province and the corresponding Gini coefficient was calculated. The Gini index is a coefficient ranging from 0 to 1 in which a coefficient lower than 0.2 shows complete equality, one between 0.2 and 0.3 represents high equality, one between 0.3 and 0.4 indicates inequality, one between 0.4 and 0.6 shows high inequality and a measure higher than 0.6 represents complete inequality in the distribution of the given variable. Findings: Iran recorded a total population of 70,495,782 in 2006 and a total number of 294 kidney transplant beds. The Province of Tehran had more than half the beds installed in its hospitals while 17 provinces had no kidney transplant beds at all. The proportion of kidney transplant beds per 100,000 nationwide population was 0.4, with a corresponding Gini coefficient of 0.44. Conclusion: The obtained Gini coefficient in this study reveals a high degree of inequality in the geographical distribution of kidney transplant beds in Iran. Therefore, health system managers are urged to consider the findings of such studies in their large-scale health planning in order to remove such unequal distribution of health services. Keywords: Kidney transplant beds, Geographical distribution, Inequality, GINI coefficientObiective: Transplantul renal constituie astazi unul dintre tratamentele cele mai frecvent prescrise pentru bolile renale in stadiu terminal, realizate anual intr-un numar mare in Iran. Pe de alta parte, distributia echitabila a serviciilor de sanatate publica reprezinta unul dintre cele mai importante scopuri urmarite de sistemele de sanatate. In cadrul diferitelor servicii de sanatate, accesibilitatea egala la tratamente avansate, inclusiv la transplantul renal, este de maxima importanta. De aceea, studiul de fata incearca sa examineze egalitatea (sau lipsa egalitatii) distributiei geografice a paturilor spitalicesti pentru transplant renal in Iran utilizand coeficientul Gini. Metode: Datele demografice si populationale privind diferitele provincii ale Iranului provin de la recensamantul din 2006 realizat de catre Centrul de Statistica al Iranului, iar datele referitoare la numarul paturilor de transplant renal pe provincie in acelasi an au fost obtinute de la Miniserul Iranian al Sanatatii. A fost calculata proportia paturilor pentru transplant renal la 100.000 locuitori in fiecare provincie, precum si coeficientul Gini aferent. Indexul Gini variaza intre 0 si 1, astfel: un coeficient sub 0,2 indica egalitate completa, valorile intre 0,2 si 0,3 reprezinta o egalitate inalta, intre 0,3 si 0,4 indica inegalitate, intre 0,4 si 0,6 arata o inegalitate ridicata, iar peste 0,6 reprezinta o inegalitate completa in distributia unei variabile date. Rezultate: In 2006, Iran inregistra o populatie totala de 70.495.782 si un numar total de 294 de paturi pentru transplant renal. Provincia Tehran detinea mai mult de jumatate din aceste paturi instalate in spitalele sale, in timp ce 17 provincii nu aveau deloc paturi pentru transplant renal. Proportia nationala a paturilor de transplant renal la 100.000 era de 0,4, la un coeficient Gini aferent de 0,44. Concluzie: Coeficientul Gini obtinut in acest studiu releva un grad ridicat de inegalitate in distributia geografica a paturilor spitalicesti pentru transplant renal in Iran. In consecinta, managerii sistemului de sanatate sunt solicitati sa ia in considerare rezultatele acestui gen de studii in planificarea sanitara strategica, pentru a elimina o distributie atat de inegala a serviciilor de sanatate. Cuvinte cheie: paturi spitalicesti pentru transplant renal, distributie geografica, inegalitate, coeficient GINI
BIROUL PENTRU ROMANIA AL ORGANIZATIEI MONDIALE A SANATATII – REALITATE PREZENTA, PERSPECTIVE
No full textDISPARITATI INTERREGIONALE IN DISTRIBUTIA SERVICIILOR DE SANATATE, IN DOUA REGIUNI (VEST SI CENTRU) DIN ROMANIA
No full textGood quality social and health services, accessible to all communities, be they in the rural or urban area, are the nucleus of an autonomous life for the community members and the development of the community health care network must offer a real answer to the existing needs of the community. The present paper compares the differences in health status and distribution of health services, in two of Romania’s regions, West and Centre, with a focus on primary care and coverage with nurses and health mediators. The analysis revealed inequalities in the distribution of services, bigger in the Western region, especially regarding primary care services. Keywords: community health care, Central and Western development regions, average number of inhabitants/health unit, access to health servicesServiciile medicale si sociale de calitate, accesibile in toate comunitatile, indiferent de zona rurala sau urbana in care acestea se plaseaza, constituie nucleul unei vieti autonome si de calitate a membrilor comunitatii, iar dezvoltarea retelei de asistenta medicala comunitara (AMC) trebuie sa ofere un raspuns adecvat nevoilor existente la nivelul comunitatilor. Diferentele legate de starea de sanatate si accesul la servicii de sanatate se refera, in lucrarea de fata, la comparatii intre doua regiuni din Romania, Vest si Centru in ceea ce priveste acoperirea cu servicii medicale primare si secundare si, in special, cu asistenti medicali comunitari si mediatori sanitari. Analiza a relevat inegalitati in distributia serviciilor, inegalitati mai accentuate in regiunea Vest, in ceea ce priveste acoperirea cu servicii de medicina primara. Cuvinte cheie: asistenta medicala comunitara, regiuni de dezvoltare, numar mediu locuitor/unitate sanitara, acces la servicii medical
MANAGEMENTUL RESURSELOR UMANE - DEMERS CALIFICAT SI GARANT AL PERFORMARII
No full textHuman resources management represents „investment” in the entity’s staff that guarantees „the health” and „the performance” of the act of leadership as a whole. Starting from this premise, we appreciated that the initiated approach may preface a rethinking of the decisional act, in the sense in which, the reflection on the role which human resources have in the design and implementation of objectives circumscribed to the entity, generates a „value” and equally constitutes the defining reference point in the elaboration of „strategies” on this subject. Often, the human resources management occupied a second plan, relying on inertia, intuition and less on the creation and consolidation of an organisational culture that would create a professional but also a pleasant framework. The considerations presented constituted the central point in the initiation of this approach and I have the conviction that a „reform of the decision act” with regards to recruitment, selection and professionalization of the personnel of an entity will be measured later in terms of profitability or maximum efficiency. This exposition was based on a multi-dimensional approach, in the sense in which it previously treated management’s theoretical and methodological foundations, precisely to create „scientific” premises of a vision on the management concept applied in the field of human resources. Keywords: management, human resources performance, process: Managementul resurselor umane reprezinta o „investitie” in personalul unei entitati, care garanteaza „sanatatea” si „performanta” actului de conducere in ansamblul sau. Pornind de la aceasta premisa, am apreciat ca demersul initiat poate prefata o regandire a actului decizional, in sensul in care, reflectia asupra rolului pe care resursele umane le au in proiectarea si implementarea obiectivelor circumscrise entitatii, genereaza „valoare” si constituie, deopotriva, reperul definitoriu in elaborarea „strategiilor” pe aceasta tema. Deseori, managementul resurselor umane a ocupat un plan secund, bazandu-se pe inertie, pe intuitie si mai putin pe crearea si consolidarea unei culturi organizationale care sa creeze un cadru de lucru profesionist, dar si agreabil. Consideratiile prezentate au constituit punctul central in initierea acestui demers si am convingerea ca o „reforma a actului decizional”, in ceea ce priveste recrutarea, selectarea si profesionalizarea personalului unei entitati, se va masura ulterior, in termeni de rentabilitate sau randament maxim. Expunerea de fata s-a bazat pe o abordare multidimensionala, in sensul in care a tratat, in prealabil, fundamentele teoretico - metodologice ale managementului, tocmai pentru a crea premisele unei viziuni „stiintifice” asupra conceptului de management aplicat pe domeniul resurselor umane. Cuvinte cheie: management, resurse umane, performanta, proce