Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) (Journal of UniSZA - Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin)
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LEARNER-DRIVEN ORAL ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR ENGLISH PRESENTATION
Get PDFLearner-centred assessment has been widely propagated in learner-centred approach. However, learners are rarely given the opportunity to engineer their own assessment. Therefore, this study attempted to gauge (1) the functionality of learner-driven oral assessment criteria scaling structure and (2) the reliability of learner-assessors in applying their own assessment criteria during oral presentation. In this study, 11 participants from an electrical engineering group, which consists of one year programme matriculation students, participated in assessment criteria development. First, participants discussed suitable criteria and scaling structure in small groups. Secondly, each group presented their oral assessment criteria for peer feedback. Thirdly, participants discussed and finalised the oral assessment criteria for the class. Fourthly, to test the learner-driven assessment criteria, three speakers from the group volunteered to present their speech. While presenting, these speakers were assessed by their peers. Participants’ ratings and scores were later analysed using the Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) software. Findings show that despite the criteria being developed by learners, the scaling structures were functioning usefully with the Rasch Threshold measure indicated more than 1.4 logits between assessment levels and the learner-assessor reliability was > 0.80. The significance of this study lies in raising awareness for improving learners’ oral presentation skills as well as developing learner autonomy. Keywords: Learner autonomy, learner-centred, oral skills, Rasch measurement. Cite as: Idris, M. & Abdul Raof, A. H. (2019). Learner-driven oral assessment criteria for English presentation. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 365-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp365-38
UNDERSTANDING THE ISSUES OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
Get PDFCitizen participation is a much contested and conflicting term, whereby the general consensus highlighted its value for a democratic society. However, various complex issues regarding its understanding and implementation from power holders and citizens alike are abundant in practice. Therefore, this paper aims to make sense of the issues of citizen participation from the perspective of different stakeholders, such as power holders and have-not citizens. Purposive sampling on 45 informants was utilized in this study to facilitate a qualitative research design using in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, open and axial coding allowed the formation of themes regarding the understanding on the specific phenomenon of citizen participation in city programs conducted by the local authorities of the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The themes that surfaced as issues included the dependency on government resources, mismatch of interest, organized and collective citizen force, and life cycle approach and realistic volunteerism. This study contributed to the enrichment of knowledge on citizen participation issues, clarifying for citizens and power holders alike in fostering genuine participation that truly benefited all. Additionally, it underlined findings fundamental for further academic quantitative participation research. Keywords: Citizens’ dependency, conflicting needs, organized and collective opinion, power distribution, realistic volunteerism.Cite as: Abdul Malek, J., Lim, S., & Tahir, Z. (2019). Understanding the issues of citizen participation. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 1-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp1-2
PENELITIAN LAKUAN BAHASA PUJIAN DALAM KOMUNIKASI SILANG BUDAYA PELANCONGAN MALAYSIA[EXAMINING THE COMPLIMENTARY SPEECH ACT IN INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN MALAYSIAN TOURISM]
Get PDFPujian merupakan salah satu lakuan bahasa yang dikenal pasti berupaya melancarkan komunikasi. Namun sekiranya diujarkan dalam komunikasi silang budaya, ianya bukan hanya berbeza dari pengaplikasiannya malah berbeza dari segi penyampaian, kekerapan dan fungsinya. Objektif kajian ialah meneliti lakuan bahasa pujian dalam bahasa Jepun oleh pemandu pelancong Malaysia berbahasa Jepun terhadap pelancong Jepun di sepanjang sesi lawatan pemanduan pelancongan. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif daripada data rakaman audio, visual dan catatan pemerhatian terhadap interaksi empat orang pemandu pelancong berbangsa Melayu menggunakan bahasa Jepun semasa berinteraksi dengan 12 orang pelancong Jepun pada empat set sesi lawatan pemanduan pelancongan pakej Free Independence Travellers (FIT). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pengujaran pujian dari segi fungsi, strategi dan penggunaan topik adalah bertepatan dengan budaya sasaran walaupun dalam konteks pertembungan budaya. Walau bagaimanapun, corak maklum balas terhadap pengujaran pujian oleh pelancong Jepun didapati melangkaui dan tidak menepati norma dan aturan sosial yang sepatutnya dalam budaya Jepun. Pengujaran pujian yang diaplikasikan dalam konteks silang budaya ini walaupun bercanggahan dengan norma budaya, ia tidak cenderung ke arah tercetusnya konflik. Kajian ini memberi pendedahan berkenaan pengujaran pujian yang seharusnya kepada para pemandu pelancong semasa mengendalikan sesi lawatan kerana dengan pengujaran pujian yang bersesuaian akan dapat meningkatkan lagi kelancaran komunikasi yang menggunakan medium bahasa Jepun. Kajian ini diharapkan akan menjadi rujukan kepada mereka yang terlibat dalam pendidikan bahasa Jepun untuk pelancongan dan menjadi panduan dalam meningkatkan penguasaan komunikasi silang budaya. Kata kunci: Lakuan bahasa pujian, pemanduan pelancongan, pemandu pelancong, pelancong Jepun, pujian. ABSTRACTA compliment, as one of the speech acts, is capable of enhancing communication fluency. However, if a compliment is expressed in the context of cross-cultural communication, it not only differs in its application, but it also varies in terms of its delivery, frequency and function. This study examined the complimentary speech act applied in the Japanese language of four Japanese-speaking Malaysian tour guides when interacting with Japanese tourists. As a qualitative study, the data were collected through audio, visual and observational notes on the interaction of the tour guides while communicating with 12 Japanese tourists during a series of four guided tours, as part of a Free Independence Travel (FIT) package. The findings of this study have shown that the complimentary speech act in terms of its function, strategy, and choice of topic of the tour guides was accurate for the target culture. Although, the response patterns of the Japanese tourists towards the complimentary speech in these interactions did not meet the expectations of the researcher given they failed to conform to the expected norms and social rules of Japanese culture. However, while the complimentary speech applied in this cross-cultural context was contradictory to or beyond the cultural norms as expected, it nevertheless did not lead to conflicts. Accordingly, this study provides exposure on the utterance of complementary speech used by Japanese-speaking tour guides when interacting with Japanese tourists while visiting Malaysia, which will enhance the fluency and delivery of cross-cultural communication using the Japanese language medium. Further, it is anticipated that this study will act as an educational reference and guide in the Japanese language for tourism to enhance the cross-cultural communication skills of Japanese-speaking tour guides in Malaysia. Keywords: Compliments, compliment speech act, guided tour session, Japanese tourist, tour guide. Cite as: Abdul Rashid, R., Masutani, S., Mansor, N. R., Mamat, R., Chua Abdullah, N. A., & Zakaria, R. (2019). Penelitian lakuan bahasa pujian dalam komunikasi silang budaya pelancongan Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 23-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp23-4
KEPIMPINAN DISTRIBUTIF, KEADAAN DALAM SEKOLAH, DAN KOMITMEN GURU UNTUK BERUBAH: SATU ANALISA PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES[DISTRIBUTIVE LEADERSHIP, IN-SCHOOL CONDITION, AND TEACHERS’ COMMITMENT TO CHANGE: A PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS]
Get PDFKajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara kepimpinan distributif terhadap komitmen guru untuk berubah dengan keadaan dalam sekolah sebagai mediator. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kuantitatif dengan kaedah tinjauan. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 357 orang guru-guru sekolah menengah yang dipilih secara rawak daripada 20 buah sekolah di Daerah Seberang Perai Utara dan Seberang Perai Tengah di Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Pendekatan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan perisian SmartPLS 3.2.7 digunakan untuk penganalisaan data. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kepimpinan distributif mempunyai hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan komitmen guru untuk berubah secara langsung (β=0.472, p<.05). Keadaan dalam sekolah mempunyai kesan pengantaraan yang signifikan dalam hubungan antara kepimpinan distributif dan komitmen guru untuk berubah (β=0.228, p<.05). Dapatan kajian memberi implikasi terhadap pihak pembuat polisi dan pentadbir sekolah bahawa kepimpinan distributif dan keadaan dalam sekolah merupakan elemen yang penting untuk meningkatkan komitmen guru untuk berubah dalam pengajaran abad ke-21.Kata kunci: Keadaan dalam sekolah, kepimpinan distributif, komitmen guru untuk berubah, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), pembuat polisi.ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the relationships between distributed leadership and teachers’ commitment to change with in-school condition as the mediator. This study employed quantitative survey research design. Data consisted of 357 secondary teachers who were selected randomly from 20 schools in northern and central districts in Seberang Prai in Penang, Malaysia. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach with SmartPLS 3.2.7 software was used for data analysis. Findings revealed significant and positive direct relationship between distributed leadership and teachers’ commitment to change (β=0.472, p<.05). In-school condition has significant mediating effects between distributed leadership and teachers’ commitment to change (β=0.228, p<.05). Findings informed implications for policymakers that distributed leadership and in-school condition are two ultimate elements to enhance teachers’ commitment to change in the teaching of 21st century.Keywords: Distributed leadership, in-school condition, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), policymakers, teachers’ commitment to changeCite as: Thien, L. M. & Tan, M. Y. (2019). Kepimpinan distributif, keadaan dalam sekolah, dan komitmen guru untuk berubah: Satu analisa partial least squares. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 159-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp159-18
THEORIZING CRITICAL POPULIST DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: A NEW PLAUSIBLE PARADIGM
Get PDFAs deeply related to Critical Theory, CDA has been established to deconstruct the hegemonic objective reasoning of elites and to construct an influential subjective rationality that contributes to generating a free human sense. Though CDA impartially centers on revealing power relations, its agenda is still politically detained. Discourse- historical approach, for example, has been employed by Wodak (2015) in the analysis of right-wing populist ideology in Europe; it proves to be deconstructive, revealing only those radical discursive strategies existing in the right-wing populist discourses. Thus, it is essential to initiate a new paradigm in CDA which constructs a comprehensive framework that critically studies the different forms of populist discourses through analyzing their innate ideologies, emancipatory tactics, anti-elitist values, and sentimental attitudes toward people. This newly suggested paradigm, namely critical populist discourse analysis (CPDA) is expected to cause a ground-breaking step in critical studies as it provides a critical mapping for the multi arguments in populist discourses. This article, thus aims to argue about this proposed paradigm in CDA that provides a critical account on the insights of populist projects of emancipation. The article also highlights the interest of CPDA in interpreting the transformation of populist discourses from rationalism into radicalism. This suggested paradigm addresses all populist movements in the world, including those in Nusantara territories as CPDA’s main interest is to objectively analyze and value the core concepts of emancipatory discourses. This paradigm is also applicable to analyze the discourses of liberation movements against the colonial power in these territories. Key words: Critical realism, critical theory, discourse analysis, methods in qualitative inquiry, qualitative evaluation Cite as: Al-Ramahi, R. A. & Ab Rashid, R. (2019). Theorizing critical populist discourse analysis: A new plausible paradigm. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 422-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp422-44
BI’AH LUGHAWIYYAH DAN PENCAPAIAN PELAJAR DI UNIVERSITI AWAM MALAYSIA: PERANAN SIKAP PELAJAR SEBAGAI MEDIATOR : [BI’AH LUGHAWIYAH AND ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS AT MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY: THE ROLE OF STUDENTS AS A MEDIATOR]
Get PDFBi’ah lughawiyyah memainkan peranan penting dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran bagi meningkatkan penguasaan bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar. Penguasaan bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar di Malaysia masih berada pada tahap rendah dan kurang memuaskan. Justeru, keperluan untuk mengkaji faktor – faktor penentu penguasaan bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar adalah sangat penting kerana penguasaan bahasa Arab merupakan petunjuk penting kepada kejayaan pelajar. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh bi’ah lughawiyyah terhadap pencapaian pelajar serta peranan sikap pelajar sebagai mediator dalam hubungan di antara bi’ah lughawiyyah dan pencapaian pelajar. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kuantitatif berbentuk tinjauan. Data kajian dikumpulkan dengan mengedarkan set soal selidik yang diadaptasi dan diubahsuai daripada beberapa kajian terdahulu. Seramai 494 orang pelajar di lapan buah universiti awam Malaysia yang menawarkan kursus sarjana muda bahasa Arab terlibat dalam kajian ini. Kaedah analisis data yang digunakan dalam kajian ini terdiri daripada dua bentuk iaitu analisis deskriptif statistik dan statistik inferensi. Kajian ini juga turut menjalankan analisis faktor iaitu analisis penerokaan faktor (EFA) dan analisis pengesahan faktor (CFA). Data kajian dianalisis dengan bantuan perisian SPSS dan perisian Structural Equation Modelling - Partial Least Square (Smart – PLS 3). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, kajian ini menemukan bahawa bi’ah lughawiyyah (komponen psikososial dan fizikal) secara positif dan signifikan mempengaruhi pencapaian pelajar dan sikap pelajar berperanan sebagai mediator dalam hubungan di antara bi’ah lughawiyyah (komponen psikososial) dan pencapaian pelajar.
Kata Kunci: Bi’ah Lughawiyyah, mediator, pencapaian pelajar, sikap pelajar, universiti awam Malaysia
ABSTRACT
Bi'ah lughawiyyah plays an important role in the process of teaching and learning to enhance Arabic language proficiency among students. Mastery of Arabic among Malaysian students is still low and unsatisfactory. Hence, the need to examine the determinants of Arabic language proficiency among students is very important because the mastery of Arabic is an important indicator of the success of the students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of lughawiyyah on the student achievement and the role of the student as a mediator in the relationship between lyaawiyyah and student achievement. This study uses quantitative research methods in the form of cross sectional. The data were collected by distributing set of questionnaire adapted and modified from some previous studies. A total of 494 students in eight Malaysian public universities who offer Arabic undergraduate courses are involved in this study. The data analysis method used in this study consisted of two forms, namely statistical descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. This study also carried out factor analysis, namely factor exploration analysis (EFA) and factor validation analysis (CFA). The data were analyzed using SPSS-22 and Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (Smart - PLS 3). Based on the results of the data analysis, this study finds that bi'ah lughawiyyah (psychosocial and physical components) positively and significantly influences students 'achievement and students' attitude as mediators in the relationship between the lughawiyyah (psychosocial component) and student achievement.
Keywords: Bi’ah Lughawiyyah, Malaysian public university, mediator, student achievement, student attitude
Cite as: Zaid, C. M., Ismail, Z., Al Jarrah, M. I., Ab Majid, M. R., Othman, M. A., & Salleh, A. W. (2019). Bi’ah Lughawiyyah dan pencapaian pelajar di universiti awam Malaysia: Peranan sikap pelajar sebagai mediator [Bi’ah Lughawiyah and achievement of students at Malaysian public university: The role of students as a mediator]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 70-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp70-10
HEAT MAPS AND SCAN PATHS: QUALITATIVE EYE-TRACKING EVIDENCE ON HOW THE QUR’AN IS MEMORIZED THROUGH READING
Get PDFThe process of memorizing the Qur’an typically takes place through reading its printed version (mus’haf). The Qur’an is read word by word so that the process of recalling the memorized verses or chapters is done accurately and fluently. Memorizing the Qur’an may be a great challenge to non-Arabic speakers because of their lack of knowledge in the Arabic vocabulary and grammar; yet more and more non-Arabic speakers continue to memorize the Qur’an for various reasons. In order to scientifically investigate how non-Arabic speakers memorize the Qur’an, a reading experiment was conducted to achieve this aim. Sixty-four (21 Male, 43 Female) native speakers of Malay who have memorized a portion of the Qur’an (10 juzu’ and below) participated in this experiment. Using the Tobii TX300 eye-tracking machine, participants’ eye movements, as they read to memorize four verses of the Qur’an (two with and two without Malay translations), were tracked, and their gaze plots were analysed qualitatively (via heat maps and scan paths). Results show evidence that Malay non-Arabic speakers’ act of reading the Qur’an to memorize it went beyond what is usually known as “cramming”; instead, the process involved finding the meaning of unknown words, so that the process of recalling the memorized verses can be done accurately and fluently.
Keywords: Cognitive processes, eye movements, memorization, psycholinguistics, Qur’an
Cited as: Salehuddin, K., Shahimin, M. M., Sulaiman, M. Z., & Md Zolkapli, R. B. (2019). Heat maps and scan paths: Qualitative eye tracking evidence on how the Qur’an is memorized through reading. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 318-334. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp318-33
ACHIEVEMENT OF CHILDREN IN AN ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION PROGRAMME FOR REFUGEE, STATELESS AND UNDOCUMENTED CHILDREN IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Get PDFAccess to formal education is an arduous and difficult process for undocumented and stateless children with entry into government schools often hindered by their status and prevailing national policies and procedures. The Alternative Education Programme (AEP) is structured as a response for the need to provide some form of schooling for children under this classification. This study investigated students’ attainment in the AEP curriculum at Murni Alternative Education Centre (MAEC). A questionnaire, which incorporated a proxy pre-test, measured the achievement of children pre and post-participation in the MAEC learning among 136 female and 113 male learners with the mean age being 10.17 years. Achievement of the intended outcomes of the MAEC curriculum was investigated using Rasch Analysis. Achievement of MAEC objectives was demonstrated in the five curriculum components. In Literacy and Numeracy, item difficulty of reading, speaking, writing and counting showed significant decreases. In Religious Practice, a slight improvement was found with learners able to read the Quran and perform Islamic obligations and acts of worship. For Civics and Citizenship, increase in awareness and appreciation of Malaysian nationhood was ascertained with almost all children identifying themselves as ‘Malaysians’. Improvement in Self-Management was also demonstrated through increased awareness of personal hygiene and well-being except in the matter of environment upkeep. For Living Skills, the majority concurred that MAEC learning equipped them with skills to generate income. These insights into the MAEC learning outcomes from the perspectives of learners themselves could serve as guidelines towards any restructuring of AEP curriculum in MAEC in particular, and Sabah in general.
Keywords: Alternative education programme, alternative learning centre, curriculum evaluation, Rasch analysis, undocumented children
Cite as: Pang, V., Ling, M. T., & Tibok, R. P. (2019). Achievement of children in an alternative education programme for refugee, stateless and undocumented children in Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 335-361. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp335-36
THE REFORMS OF NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS IN MALAYSIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM
Get PDFAlthough the impact of education policy reform could inform future policymaking initiatives, studies on education policy reform of student assessment are considered scarce. This study attempts to scrutinise the drivers, impacts, and challenges of education policy reform of the national assessment system in Malaysia based on policy documents and previous empirical studies. The findings indicated that the education policy reform of the Malaysian national assessment system is driven by the decline of pupils’ performance in international large-scale assessments. There are changes in content, format, and structure of the public examinations and assessment delivery procedures. The emergence of school-based assessment shows a paradigm shift from cognitive learning to a more holistic manner. Challenges arise included teachers’ extra workload, teachers’ readiness, lack of reference materials, and time constraints in implementing school-based assessment. Findings inferred the needs in refining the monitoring and coaching system in order to ensure the student assessment implementation does not diverge from the missions of education policy reform. This study is hoped to provide useful insights for future policymaking initiatives, particularly in Malaysia. Keywords: Malaysia, policy reform, public examination, school-based assessment, student assessment. Cite as: Chin, H., Thien, L. M., & Chew, C. M. (2019). The reforms of national assessments in Malaysian education system. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 93-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp93-11
THE INTERACTIVE ROLES OF LEXICAL KNOWLEDGE AND READING STRATEGIES ON READING COMPREHENSION PERFORMANCE
Get PDFThis paper presents a study on the interactive roles of lexical knowledge and reading strategies on reading comprehension performance of ESL learners. It examines how the lexical knowledge or the reading strategies contribute to second language (L2) reading comprehension. It also investigates whether there is a relationship among the three main variables which are lexical knowledge, reading strategies and reading comprehension performance. The Survey of Reading Strategy (SORS), the Vocabulary Levels Test, a writing test and a reading comprehension test were administered to 70 students from the Public Administration Course through convenience sampling method. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the participants’ performance on the three tests and their reading strategies used as well as to assess the relationship between the three main variables of this study. On the whole, the participants reported using most of the reading strategies with high and moderate frequencies. Apart from that, it is found that, the students’ word mastery level is only 2,000 word families, which is far below the minimum level required for tertiary education. There is no correlation found between the reading strategies used and the reading comprehension achievement of the participants. On the other hand, a statistically significant relationship (r= .739, p<0.01) was found between the participants vocabulary size and reading comprehension performance. The findings of this study help both language teachers and students to acknowledge the roles of lexical knowledge and reading strategies in improving the L2 reading comprehension performance. Keywords: Global strategies, lexical knowledge, problem-solving strategies, reading strategies, support strategies. Cite as: Zuriyani, M. Y. & Mohamed Ismail, A. S. (2019). The interactive roles of lexical knowledge and reading strategies on reading comprehension performance. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 273-299. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp273-29