UGD Publishing System (Goce Delcev University - Stip / Университет „Гоце Делчев“, Щип)
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THE IMPACT OF MAGICAL FIGURINES/DOLLS IN THE RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE FROM THE ANCIENT TIMES UNTIL THE NEW AGE – SUPERSTITIOUS PARTICULARISM OR SUPERSTITIOUS UNIVERSALISM
No full textThere are various cave paintings, writings on a clay tablets, magical papyrus, ancient literature that can witness the presence of figurines and voodoo dolls in magical activities from the beginning of the humanity, in particular those found at archaeological sites that were made out of different materials: wax, wool, wood, clay, dough, or of bronze and lead later, sometimes with or without written magical symbols or names on them, sometimes as evil, angry demons with human faces, with eyes wide open and monstrous noses, with bodies broken in two, with heads and extremities turned backwards, sometimes burned, tied or drilled, found in boxes or chests buried under the ruins of old buildings, sanctuaries or sacred sites, in tombstones or thrown into deep holes, sunken under water, etc. In order to have an insight into the impact of magical figurines and voodoo dolls in the religious discourse from the ancient times until the New Age related to the superstitious particularism in the folk’s beliefs about the evil they have caused, that transfers into superstitious universalism at a global level throughout the historical ages, the subject of this paper has two objects: To show the level of impact these figurines and voodoo dolls had among the masses throughout the history, having in mind the folk’s beliefs about their magical powers only if used in specific time and place and set in a typical way on one hand. And on the other to show the possible rudiments when using magical dolls, also known in modern society as voodoo dolls, and the fear they cause among some of the people
A NEW “SUSTAINABLE” TAXATION: THE CARBON (MEAT) TAX
No full textThe latest assessment report on climate change published by the Inter Government Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), among the concretely implementable tools to avoid the increase in global temperature, includes the need for a change in eating habits towards diets with low carbon content, which lead to a greater consumption of vegetables and fruit and a substantial reduction in that of red meat. This change in diet would also help limit the negative effects associated with obesity and overweight. A transition towards a healthy and sustainable diet is therefore necessary. There are many strategies useful for this purpose. These also include taxation which can be implemented in the use of already existing fiscal instruments (reduction or increase in VAT applied on more or less healthy products) or in the introduction of new taxes, capable of making the prices of the taxed products inclusive of the negative externalities resulting on an environmental and healthy level. The opportunity - from a promotional perspective - of a taxation of this kind emerges from multiple profiles: it can, in fact, contribute to the objective through the price increase deriving from the levy (and the related dissuasive force) but also with the desirable finalization of the revenue thus received to finance accessory measures of a non-authoritative nature (investments in sustainable production, reduction of VAT on healthier foods, establishment of awareness campaigns, etc.) which, in a multi-sectoral logic, must necessarily exist
MIDDLE DIATHESIS MARKING IN ENGLISH: EVIDENCE FROM MACEDONIAN TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS
No full textThis paper explores English constructions featuring the verb get and the past participle, which cannot be classified as passive, along with their Macedonian translation equivalents. These constructions typically involve an affected subject referent with varying degrees of control over the predication. The aim of our research is to examine these English constructions, identify their Macedonian counterparts and elucidate their semantic properties. To achieve this, we compiled a corpus of 405 examples extracted from works by English authors and their Macedonian translations. Our analysis employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the data. The findings from this research endeavor to clarify the status of English get+past participle verb forms lacking passive semantics.
Keywords: voice; diathesis; inchoative constructions; passive; contrastive analysis
IMPLEMENTATION OF SCADA SYSTEM FOR REMOTE MONITORING AND POWER METERING IN RF AND IoT NETWORKS
No full textThis paper represents the results of the development, design, and practical implementation of the SCADA monitoring power meter system. This power meter system is implemented in RF and IoT networks.The solution has been tasked with collecting, measuring, storing, and visualizing energydata (voltage, current, power, energy, reactive power, reactive energy, and power factor), as well as appropriate process data in two remote industrial plants. In the first plant, the first energy measuring point marked as the MASTER station is located, and in the second plant, the second energy measuring point marked as the SLAVE station is located. The SCADA monitoring system is built into the MASTER station. The SLAVE station is connected by RF (radio frequency connection) to the MASTER station. In the MASTER and SLAVE stations, two microcomputers and energy measurement units as well as appropriate RF modules are installed. The microcomputer in the MASTER station is serially connected to the IoT microcomputer for the transfer of measurement data in the Internet network. The solution provides visualization, data log file, and transfer to the IoT network of the energy and process data from the two measuring points
PREVENTION OF CYBERCRIME IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION
No full textThe significant technological development experienced between the late 20th and early 21st centuries has raised a series of fundamental questions regarding the protection of civil, political, and social rights. The exploitation of new technologies by governments and international organizations, as well as private companies and individuals, opens up enormous possibilities for development on one hand, while posing serious risks to the aforementioned rights on the other. In recent decades, cybercrime has represented a crucial challenge for global actors and continues to evolve thanks to the availability of increasingly advanced technologies. What mechanisms do countries around the world use to protect themselves and their citizens? Is full legal protection even possible? These are questions that constantly arise and are gaining more and more significance.
The European Union, especially in the past 10 years, has taken legal measures to create a safe space for its institutions and member countries. Among the most interesting technologies is artificial intelligence (AI), which has captured global attention on the subject in recent years, especially after the public exploitation of generative AI systems. Since AI technologies mainly rely on machine learning systems that exploit data, European regulation of these tools, pending the full implementation of the AI Act, primarily depends on data protection laws. In this regard, the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2016 represented a milestone for data protection and the right to privacy within the European Union context; on the subject, reference is also made to the "Convention 108+" of 2018.
The second part of this contribution will focus on the definition and taxonomy of cybercrimes. These crimes, facilitated by the development of new technologies, are expected to undergo a significant acceleration thanks to the development of AI technologies. Also for this reason, the approval of the risk-based Artificial Intelligence Act has been one of the top priorities for the EU, in order to promote trust in artificial intelligence technologies, and at the same time to ensure that it does not jeopardize fundamental rights guaranteed by EU treaties and acts
KRIPKE SEMANTICS, COMMON KNOWLEDGE, BOUNDED RATIONALITY AND AUMANN’S AGREEMENT THEOREM
No full textThe first model with k-level thinking with Gaussian noise shows that small deviations for common knowledge led to “almost” common knowledge equilibria. The second model demonstrated the semantic economy idea: as agents exchange and adapt beliefs, they create shared informational value by reaching a consensus that reflects network-wide insights rather than mere individual optimization. Higher reasoning depth does not change Nash equilibria but shifts up Kantian beliefs. The shift up in Kantian beliefs suggests a greater alignment toward strategies that maximize collective welfare, rather than purely individualistic or competitive outcomes. This doesn\u27t alter the Nash equilibrium, where players still act independently, but it emphasizes a higher baseline of cooperative or altruistic expectations among players due to more profound belief hierarchies in the reasoning process. In the third model: networked economic context where agents interact in an economic network where competitive advantage depends on the informational value generated across the network, results differ from the second example: Nash beliefs adjust based on others\u27 best responses (shift up), while Kantian beliefs account for mutual benefit, dampening large shifts. Nash and Kantian equilibria differ when only three agents exist versus network economy
INTELLIGENT POWER MODULE CONTROLLED BY MICROCOMPUTER AND IMPLEMENTED IN AC MOTOR SPEED REGULATOR
No full textIn the paper, a V/f AC motor speed regulator based on an intelligent power module (IPM) and a microcomputer is designed and practically implemented. The ATmega 328P microcomputer controls the operation of the IPM TM 35 and generates the SPWM pulses for controlling an asynchronous 3 phase AC motor. The intelligent power module TM 35 works as a power driver that isolates and transmits the SPWM signals from the microcomputer to the AC motor. A basic goal in the design of the device is the reduction of the necessary hardware components and the price, as well as the improvement of the reliability of operation. The control and visualization of the operation modes of the V/f controller is realized with an LCD display. The operation of the controller at idle and under load has been tested
PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS OF DIMMING OF 400 W RATED HALIDE LAMPS (A CASE STUDY)
No full textThe aim of the expertise in this case study was to find out the cause of the malfunctioning of the lamps in the production hall. The light source was a halogen discharge lamp with a nominal power of 400 W. In accordance with the requirements of the investor, the lighting intensity regulation was installed in the premises of the production hall according to the daily light conditions. In conclusion, we explain the physical and chemical mechanism of the cause of failures of a halogen lamp with a nominal power of 400 W. Due to uncontrollable nonequilibrium states and changes in activation energy, the regulation of the discharge of halogen lamps with a nominal power of 400 W is inappropriate
PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS OF ORAL ELECTROSURGERY
No full textElectrosurgery is a good alternative to the scalpel or lasers for soft tissue management and would be the method of choice. Oral electrosurgery is widely accepted throughout the world and has a broad spectrum of clinical applications. Once the clinician understands the nature of the different waveforms and how electrosurgical technology relates to clinical results, a comfort level will be achieved making clinical applications safe, predictable and easy. Electrosurgery can be used instead of the scalpel to cut soft tissues, with the goal of reducing hemorrhage. Electrosurgery alludes to the delivery of thermal energy in the form of an alternating current in the radiofrequency range from an electrical generator to the probe tip and the tissues. The heat generated in the tissue depends on the current intensity, the distance from this tissue to the electrode tip, and the period during which the RF energy is delivered. Electrosurgery is the passage of high frequency radio waves (RF energy) into soft tissue resulting in a variety of clinical effects, including cutting, cutting and coagulation at the same time, coagulation or tissue destruction. Because of the resistance offered by the tissue to the incoming RF energy, the tissue heats up. The electrode tip never gets hot. In actuality, the water in the cells is boiled causing the cells to explode. Radiosurgery has also become an unofficial but accepted term referring to electrosurgery instruments that fall into the higher frequency range of 3-4 mHz (3-4 million cycles per second). Study by Maness et al. in 1978 concluded that higher frequency electrosurgical units produce less tissue alteration than those instruments with frequencies under 2 mHz. Higher frequency units produce less lateral heat and, therefore, less tissue alteration. The optimal frequency appears to be in the 3-4 mHz range. There are numerous indications for oral electrosurgery and some include bleeding control, cosmetic elongation of clinical crowns, soft tissue management during crown and bridge procedures, biopsies, frenectomies, pulpotomies, collecting tissue for gingival grafts, incisions or excisions and tissue contouring. The main goal of this study is to highlight the principles and benefits of electrosurgery application. Electrosurgery can never completely replace the scalpel, but it requires more knowledge, skill and complete understanding of the biophysical aspects of the interaction of electrosurgical energy and tissue. Continued research into the field of tissue interaction is promised and potential development of applications of electrosurgery
ДЕНТАЛНИТЕ ЛАСЕРИ- ПРЕДИЗВИК НА СОВРЕМЕНАТА СТОМАТОЛОГИЈА
No full textЛасерската технологија станува сè попопуларна во стоматологијата во последните неколку децении. Денталните ласери поседуваат мноштво на индикации кои се изведуваат во секојдневата стоматолошка пракса, вклучувајќи третман на пародонталните заболувања (ласерите може да се користат за отстранување на инфламираното гингивално и пародонтално ткиво и за промовирање на растот на здравото ткиво); отстранување на каризоните лезии (ласерите може да се користат за отстранување на кариесот на забите, без употреба од анестезија); белење на заби (ласерите може да се користат за активирање на средствата за белење и подобрување на ефикасноста на третманите за белење на забите); за изведување на биопсија (ласерите може да се користат за отстранување на мали примероци од ткиво за биопсија); процедури на меките орални ткива(Ласерите може да се користат за преобликување или отстранување на ткивото на непцата за да се подобри изгледот на насмевката). Најважни за споменување се придобивките од употребата на ласери во стоматологијата од кои најзначајни се намалена болка и непријатност кај пациентот, намалено крварење и побрзо време на заздравување. Ласерите исто така можат да бидат попрецизни од традиционалните стоматолошки алатки, што овозможува значително поконзервативен третман