UGD Publishing System (Goce Delcev University - Stip / Университет „Гоце Делчев“, Щип)
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IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL-ENGINEERING COMPROMISE AS A RESULT OF POWER AND ECONOMY TUNING A DIESEL ENGINE
No full textAs a result of the control era of automotive technology which began in the late 20th century, IC engines contain a large number of sub-systems that allow for better engine performance and vehicle maneuverability, while at the same time they satisfy increasingly strict environmental norms and standards when it comes to exhaust emissions in what is known as an environmental-engineering compromise. However, tuning today\u27s high-performance engines in which the trade-offs between performance, economy and emissions take precedence is a challenge for even the most experienced automotive engineers as it includes major implications for the environmentalengineering compromise. The aim of this paper was to analyze these implications and determine if the changes in power and fuel consumption question the operation needs of the vehicle and the driver’s requirements, as well as the amount of exhaust emissions that find their way in the ambient air. The POWER/PERFORMANCE optimization led to a 36% increase in engine power (78 to 106 kW), a 9 % decrease in fuel consumption (6.6 to 6.0 l/100 km) and consequently 30% reduction in CO2 emissions (3.43 % to 2.38 % of the total volume of exhaust gasses). The ECONOMY optimization, which was primarily aimed at a decrease in fuel consumption and a climate-friendly improvement of the environmental map of the engine, led to a 42 % decrease in CO2 emissions (3.43 % to 1.99 % of the total volume of exhaust gasses) and a 13.5 % decrease in fuel consumption (6.6 to 5.7 l/100 km), while maintaining an increase in engine power for 23 % (78 to 96 kW). Aside from these obviously positive implications, the results provided an insight in the negative trade-offs that these optimizations bring, such as an increase in local pollutants, including PM and NOx emissions
PREFACE / ПРЕДГОВОР
No full textThe Faculty of Electrical Engineering at University Goce Delcev (UGD), has organized the Second International Conference Electrical Engineering, Informatics, Machinery and Automation -Technical Sciences applied in Economy, Education and Industry-ETIMA. ETIMA has a goal to gather the scientists, professors, experts, and professionals from the field of technical sciences in one place as a forum for exchanging the ideas, strengthening the multidisciplinary research and cooperation, and promoting the achievements of technology and its impact on every aspect of living. We hope that this conference will continue to be a venue for presenting the latest research results and developments on the field of technology. Conference ETIMA was held as online conference. More than sixty colleagues contributed to this event, from five different countries with more than thirty papers.We would like to express our gratitude to all the colleagues, who contributed to the success of ETIMA’23 by presenting the results of their current research and by launching the new ideas through many fruitful discussions. We invite you and your colleague to attend ETIMA Conference in the future as well. One should believe that next time we will have opportunity to meet each other and exchange ideas, scientific knowledge and useful information as well as to involve as much as possible the young researchers into this scientific event
Себеистражувањето и истражувањето на окружувањето во процесот на управување со кариерата
No full textИстражувањето на кариерата претставува прибирање и анализа на информации за прашањата поврзани со кариерата. Преку овој процес може да се добијат информации за сопствените карактеристики (себеистражување), како и информации во врска со опкружувањето: занимањата, работните места, организациите и семејството. Целта на истражувањето на кариерата е да му помогне на поединецот да развие поголема свесност за себе и за своето опкружување, со цел да може да постави реалистични цели и да осмисли соодветни стратегии. Активностите во доменот на истражување на кариерата станаа особено значајни во последниве години во кои зголемената неизвесност и намалената сигурност на работното место бараат од луѓето да бидат приспособливи и флексибилни во пристапите кон управувањето со кариерата. Ако се познавате себеси и ако го сфаќате своето работно опкружување, тоа може да ви помогне да поставите разумни и значајни цели, како и да ве подготви за промените во кариерата, без оглед на тоа дали тие промени ќе бидат планирани или не. Всушност, способноста да се биде подготвен за промени и за нарушувања во кариерата, е суштината на управувањето со „безграничната“ кариера
Optimal taxation without state-contingent debt, the Ramsey allocation for a given multiplier, and tax smoothing of consumption and taxes in complete and incomplete
No full textThis paper illustrates optimal fiscal and monetary policies without state-contingent debt as in Aiyagari, Marcet, Sargent, and Seppälä (2002) and the issue of competitive equilibrium with distorting taxes, tax smoothing as in Barro (1979) but without state-contingent debt, and Ramsey problem without state-contingent debt. Numerical model od optimal taxation without state-contingent debt proves that the total resources available to the government (from taxes) are entirely used for consumption purposes, possibly reflecting a scenario where government spending equals tax revenue, and there is no debt accumulation. Optimal taxation without state-contingent debt shows that the contact between tax rate and debt is of 0th-order: The curves touch at a point but don\u27t necessarily have the same tangent or curvature at that point. The tax rate curve is convex (minimum),debt curve is concave (maximum)
MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAINS OF PLACER GOLD FROM THE OTINJA RIVER
No full textIn the Serbo-Macedonian metallogenic province in the Republic of North Macedonia, numerous occurrences of Au have been found in alluvial sediments. Placer gold originates from known genetic types of Cu-Au porphyry deposits (Bučim and Borov Dol) and epithermal Au deposits (Plavica and Allchar). However, in the Otinja river, the primary source of Au still remains unclear. Twenty-three Au grains collected from the river of Otinja alluvion were primarily analyzed on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate their morphological and chemical characteristics. The gold aggregates that were found range in size from about 120 μm to 2 mm, they have mostly sub rounded to rounded shapes, rarely irregular shapes, with microtextures indicating a source at a distance of several km. Chemical composition tests show mainly Au-Ag mixtures, with Au contents ranging from 94.45 to 100%. By chemism, Au grains belong to the group of very high grade gold with high purity (951 to 1000). In general, impurity contents are very low. In order of representation, the following are most present: Ag (0.02–4.89%), Fe (0.02–4,74%), Cu (0.02 0.54%), Te (0.09–0.55%), and Se (0.29%)
POST-RETURN MONITORING OF PERSONS IN NEED OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION - LEGAL BOUNDARIES AND IMPACT ON MIGRATION POLICY IN SERBIA AND THE REGION
No full textThe expanding numbers of returned persons in need of international protection have led the UN Committee against Torture to indicate obligations of post-return monitoring for sending states. In its general practice and a well-known infamous case against the Republic of Serbia, the Committee gradually, yet inconsistently, put forward the contents of this obligation. The article explores several intriguing legal and policy questions that this decision raises since it essentially binds Serbia to act outside of its jurisdiction to monitor the rejected asylum seeker’s well-being upon return to the country of origin. It questions migration policy implications of such an obligation for the states involved, with repercussions also for other states in the region that lay on the current migratory routes. Through an analysis of current state practice, the authors inquire into the potentials of post-return monitoring to outweigh its presumable role of a rather weak redress and to instead serve as a valuable tool for non-refoulement prevention used to the benefit of larger numbers of persons seeking international protection.
 
LANGUAGE STRATEGIES IN BILINGUAL FAMILIES
No full textDue to the increase in multinational marriages and immigrant families, there is a rise in the number of parents and children who are facing the challenges of bilingualism. Thus, some authors stress the need for bilingual family language strategies to be further explored. The aim of this article was to tackle some of the issues in early education of bilingual children by presenting different approaches to Family Language Policy (FLP) in bilingual families. After looking at all the language strategy approaches to raising a child in a bilingual environment, we can conclude that in the end it is mostly up to the parents and the children themselves how they will cope with the challenges posed by bilingualism. However, experts can agree on one thing, consistency in the rules of use of any of the language strategies is advised. But also, those rules should be natural and suitable for parents and consistent with their living situation.
 
