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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME AUTOCHTHONOUS FRUIT SPECIES FROM MACEDONIA
No full textThe scope of this paper is determination of the content of soluble dry matters, total sugar, total acids, invert sugar and citric, malic, tartaric and lactic acid in some autochthonous fruit species: pomegranate (Zumnarija, Bejnarija, Valandovska kisela, Valandovska kiselo-slatka, Hidjas, Kisela, Lifanka, Ropkavec), apple (Ubavo cvetka, Shareno blago, Prespanka, Tetovka, Karapasha, Kozharka, Bela Tetovka) and cherry (Ohridska brza, Ohridska rana, Ohridska crna, Dolga shishka, Dalbazlija, Ohridska bela). Comparative studies were performed in relation to the standard varieties (Karamustafa-pomegranate, Idared-apple and Bigaro burlat-cherry).
Pomegranate fruits have the highest content of soluble dry matters (15.6%), total sugars (149.24 g/L) and total acids (20.11 g/L). The highest content of invert sugar was observed in pomegranate (113.94 g/L which means 76.3% of total sugar). In apple and cherry fruits, malic acid dominates (above 5 g/L), while in pomegranate fruits, citric and malic acids are almost equally represented. Tartaric acid is present only in apple fruits (0.383 g/L). Lactic acid was not found in all fruit species.
A strong positive correlation was found between soluble dry matter and total sugar (R2 is about 60%). A moderate positive correlation exists between the contents of total and invert sugar (R2 is about 20%), between total acids and invert sugar (R2 is about 22%) and between the content of malic and citric acid (R2 is about 30%). A high negative correlation was found between the content of total acid and malic acid (R2 is about 37%) and between malic acid and invert sugar (R2 shows 77%)
EUROPEAN FASHION FIGURES IN AMERICAN BIOFICTIONS
No full textThe aim of this paper is to analyze a specific type of American biographicalfictions dealing with the presentation of the lives of various famous European persons fromdifferent time periods. The past few decades note a growing trend of writing and publishingbiofictions. A curios aspect of this trend is the appearance of biofictions written by Americanauthors that tell the story of artists, actors, actresses, presidents, scientists, writers etc.originating from Europe. By definition, biofictions underline the connection between fiction,biography, and autobiography by developing texts that are “both self-reflexive and yetparadoxically also lay claim to historical events and personages” (Hutcheon 2003: 5). Theprocess of creating such texts involves various adoptions of facts, fictional characters, literaryworks and practices, themes and subjects, which are re-ordered in a constantly changing worldof doubling, mirror reflections and perspectives. In this way a unique concept of the timesand places on another continent are created from American cultural standpoint. This paperparticularly examines the biofiction narratives on fashion and European fashion designerswith international fame
EREBОS IN THE LIVES OF YOUNG PEOPLE AS A RESULT OF MANIPULATION WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
No full textThis paper aims to review the novel Ereb by Ursula Poznanski in the context of the impact of modern technologies on the young population. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study on the various definitions provided by researchers regarding artificial intelligence and to determine its impact on the lives of young people in the selected work.From a methodological point of view, it should be noted that the comparative approach in the analysis of definitions and the hermeneutic analysis of the processed work, especially the intertext and hypertext within it, are the main methods used in this research. The results of Ereb’s research confirmed the influence of using social media and technology on the creation of social contacts and behaviors
HYDROGEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE EXPLOITATION WELLS EB-1 AND EB-2 IN THE CENTRAL CITY AREA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SVETI NIKOLE
No full textThe knowledge of all water resources, today, is a basic prerequisite for existence and further development of the society. Over 80% of the water supply to the population and industry in the Republic of Macedonia is provided through the capture of underground water. Since for regional water supply systems it is necessary to invest enormous funds, mainly for the construction of surface reservoirs, solving the problem of water supply at the sub-regional, municipal or local level practically gains greater importance, among other things, due to the rational conditions of the construction and maintenance of the systems.
In that sense, the municipality of Sveti Nikole is an example of very high-quality approach to research for the needs of finding local potential conditions for public centralized water supply in individual settlements or parts of municipal territories, and thus rational and thoughtful investments for the future. In this paper, the potential opportunities for capturing economically viable amounts of underground water in Neogene sediments are highlighted, based on the results of the hydrogeological research.
Based on the specified parameters, the environment is characterized by a filtration coefficient EB – 1 - K = 5.00 × 10-5 m/s, EB – 2 - K = 1.7 × 10-5 m/s, coefficient of water permeability EB – 1 - T = 2.22 × 10-4 m2/s = 23 m2/day. EB – 2 - T = 7.5 × 10- 4 m2/s = 24 m2/day and yield Qexp for EB-1 - 1.47 l/s, Qexp for EB – 2 = 1.07 l/
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MACEDONIAN DIASPORA
No full textThe Macedonian diaspora plays a pivotal role in shaping and preserving the identity of the Macedonian nation, both within its homeland and on a global scale.
This paper delves into the multifaceted importance of the Macedonian diaspora, focusing on how it influences the development of Macedonian identity, examining the unique characteristics of this diaspora, and exploring strategies for its deeper integration into the global landscape.
The paper is focusing to the primary action- fostering Macedonian Identity. The Macedonian diaspora serves as a vital link between the homeland and host countries, preserving cultural heritage, traditions, and language. Through cultural exchange and education, the diaspora reinforces a strong sense of Macedonian identity among its members and future generations. This connection is instrumental in maintaining a cohesive national identity amidst the challenges posed by globalization.
Understanding the Specifics of Macedonian Diaspora is crucial for the distinct characteristics of the Macedonian diaspora, considering factors such as historical migration patterns, settlement regions, and cultural adaptations. By examining the diverse experiences of Macedonian communities worldwide, this research identifies unique challenges and opportunities faced by different segments of the diaspora, shedding light on the complexities of their identity preservation efforts.
In the era of globalization, the integration of diaspora communities is paramount. This section explores strategies to facilitate the active participation of the Macedonian diaspora in global networks. Initiatives such as educational exchanges, business collaborations, and cultural diplomacy are examined to assess their effectiveness in fostering a sense of belonging and encouraging active engagement within the global community. Furthermore, the role of digital technologies and social media in connecting the diaspora and strengthening their bond with Macedonia is explored.
 
MINIMUM WAGE IN EUROPE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REGULATORY SYSTEMS
No full textThe concept of a minimum wage is a kind of standard to ensure that workers receive fair compensation for their work, thus preventing unjustified low wages. It is a standard set by countries to protect workers from exploitation and to guarantee a basic standard of living.Not all countries have established a national minimum wage, some have accepted and applied alternative mechanisms for the protection of workers. But this inequality not only reflects the economic diversity between European countries, but also highlights different approaches to social protection and labor policies.This paper defines the minimum wage, analyzes the types of minimum wage regulations in European countries and what is the degree of variation between these regulations, as well as the specific ways in which they are enacted
GENERATIVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND GENDER BIASES: BETWEEN NEW TOOLS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
No full textThe research would investigate on the relationship between gender biases, arising from the inequity of current society, and the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This technology, mostly based on existing data, appears perpetuate, reinforce, and amplify social biases, leading to various challenges and questions regarding its utilization. The rapid growth of these new tools, and particularly Generative Artificial Intelligence, has led to their adoption in different sectors and scenarios, ranging from art to digital transformation, education to healthcare, including human resources and robotics. In fact, there has been an exponential rise in generative AI tools over the last two years, with ChatGPT alone reaching 100 million active users in January 2023. These technologies promise to change the present and defining the future. Are we ready to accept the fact that a so popular technology, extremely pervasive, albeit useful, is gender-biased? The answer is clearly no, and we will aim to provide an overview of how these biases are inherent in this technology and how this could increase the risk of case of digital gender-based violence. We will seek to investigate the various issues, including those related to human rights, in which international organizations and forums where multiple stakeholders and experts convene play a crucial role, promoting solutions and raising awareness for the users
CYBER VIOLENCE THROUGH THE PRISM OF JUSTICE FOR CHILDREN
No full textViolence on social media nowadays is a huge and bad challenge for children. From social media to online games, children are exposed to various forms of cyberbullying. This includes threats, hate speech, online harassment, extortion and even cyber-sexual assault. While the Internet offers countless opportunities to learn and connect with people around the world, it is also a platform for potentially dangerous and harmful activities.Legislation plays a key role in protecting children from digital abuse. Legislation needs to be updated accordingly to respond to changing technologies and threats. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure effective cooperation between the government, educational institutions, families and online platforms to prevent and fight against digital violence. Educating children about safe and responsible use of the Internet is essential, providing information on recognizing potential risks and techniques for protecting their personal information.It is essential that children\u27s rights are protected in the digital space as well as in the real world. The court must provide effective law enforcement mechanisms to punish those who commit digital violence against children, while providing support and protection for victims. Active collaboration between all stakeholders is essential to create a safe and sustainable digital space for all children
POSSIBILITIES FOR INSTALLATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS IN CATERING FACILITIES IN MACEDONIA
No full textThe energy crisis that swept across Europe and the resulting electricity price impact have highlighted the need for enhanced energy resilience. To mitigate future price fluctuations and unforeseen shocks, investments in photovoltaic (PV) systems are crucial. Hospitality establishments in Macedonia hold significant potential for reducing the country’s energy dependency and accelerating the energy transition. It is therefore essential to explore the feasibility of installing PV systems on these establishments and to assess the profitability of such investments. For an optimal analysis of PV system installation potential in the hospitality sector, data from the State Statistical Office, based on the 2021 census in Macedonia, were utilized. According to the census, there are a total of 1,006 hotels and restaurants in the country. This analysis presents the total potential installed capacity of PV systems on all hotels and restaurants in Macedonia, the predicted annual electricity generation from these systems, and the resulting avoided CO2 emissions. Since the intensity of solar radiation varies geographically, simulations were conducted for PV systems with an installed capacity of 40 kWp in each region: Vardar, Eastern, Southwestern, Southeastern, Pelagonia, Polog, Northeastern, and Skopje regions. These simulations were performed using the PV*SOL premium software, which leverages the Meteonorm database for solar radiation data to estimate annual electricity production from the PV systems. The analysis also includes case studies for a hotel and a restaurant, for which techno-economic analyses were conducted to evaluate the profitability of PV system installations
CHALLENGES IN LEGAL DEFINITION OF MONEY IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DISCOURSE
No full textThe subject of the analysis in the paper is the identification and review of the challenges that exist in the science of modern monetary law in terms of the consistency and sustainability of the existing doctrines postulates about money as a legal category. In this context, the paper analytically and axiologically analyzes the concept of the so-called social and state theory of money that were of great importance in shaping classical monetary legislation and the establishment and popularization of an early monetary legal thought, while the second part of the paper points to the main principles of the so-called institutional theory of money, which considers money as a normative text sui generis, and at the same time strongly supporting the understanding of the central bank functional independence, which appears not just as the main monetary legislator but also as the addressee of the disposition contained in the monetary legal norms. In the circumstances of globalized financial and economic flows, as well as the intensive technological revolution, the existing understandings in the legal definition of money require certain relativization, taking into account first of all the emergence of digital money (both private and public) as well as the impact of monetary innovations on the preservation of monetary stability as public good which, according to the opinion of the author, imposes the real and logical need to redefine established understandings of the legal concept of money in a way that preserves the stability of the monetary system, central bank credibility and the citizens rights to a safe and solid currency, on the one hand, but also respects the needs of citizens to satisfy their preferences on the market through digital money, which is not included in the existing theories because it de facto represents a form of money (we mean the digital money of the central bank), and not a digital expression of the existing traditional mone