UGD Publishing System (Goce Delcev University - Stip / Университет „Гоце Делчев“, Щип)
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ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF FINTECH MARKETING STRATEGIES IN FINTECH COMPANIES
No full textFinancial technology (fintech) refers to the innovative use of technology aimed at improving and automating the delivery and use of financial services. Its main objective is to enable companies, entrepreneurs, and consumers to manage their financial processes and activities more effectively. This is achieved through specialized software and algorithms applied on computers, smartphones, and other digital platforms. Fintech has transformed the way people interact with financial institutions by offering faster, safer, and more convenient solutions. Fintech marketing consists of communication and promotional strategies developed specifically for companies in the financial technology sector. These firms rely on advanced technologies to optimize their services and reach customers more efficiently. Marketing in this field can be challenging because financial services are often seen as complex or uninteresting to the average user. Therefore, companies must focus on building trust, transparency, and user-friendly experiences to attract and retain clients. When implemented effectively, fintech marketing strategies help businesses connect with their target audiences, increase brand awareness, and strengthen customer relationships. As the financial industry continues to evolve, fintech plays a crucial role in shaping the future of financial services and improving customer experiences worldwide
ADVANCEMENTS IN INDUSTRIAL DIGITAL SENSORS (VERSION 3.0 TO 4.0) AND RADAR SYSTEMS FOR OBJECT DETECTION: A STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW: UDC: 681.586:621.396.969.3
No full textIn this digital age, sensors and digital components are a crucial part of modern life, as they are used daily to simplify various processes. The use of the sensors and other industrial components is wider starting from science, IoT, technology stakeholders and finishing to educational processes which shows that this kind of components are used in every field. This scientific paper represents a review of the latest advancements and developments in the industrial digital sensors and components, focusing on versions 3.0 and 4.0 and also their use to develop radar systems for object detection. The review mostly focuses on covering key advancements and developments, challenges and future directions in these fields and technologies, providing insight for students, researchers, engineers and also industry stakeholders.  
COMPARISON OF ENERGY STATUS IN PORTUGAL AND IN SLOVAKIA: UDC: 620.9(469:437.6)
No full textPortugal and Slovakia, like other European countries, face the critical challenge of transforming their energy sectors to meet the EU’s goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Achieving this target requires a comprehensive strategy involving new policies, advanced technologies, and sufficient financial investment to drive emission reductions and support a shift to more sustainable energy systems. While the overarching goal is the same across Europe, each country’s approach is shaped by its specific conditions—such as geography, climate, natural resources, political priorities, and social factors. Therefore, national energy and climate strategies differ in scope and ambition. This paper focuses on the scale of transformation required in the energy sector, examining what Portugal and Slovakia must do to meet their 2050 climate targets. It analyzes their current energy systems, key challenges, and progress toward decarbonization. By comparing these two countries, the paper highlights how geographical and demographic differences influence their respective energy profiles. Portugal, with abundant renewable resources, and Slovakia, with a strong nuclear component, offer contrasting but instructive examples of the diverse paths European nations are taking toward a low-carbon future. The comparison helps illustrate the broader complexity of Europe\u27s energy transition and the importance of tailored national strategies
ИНТЕГРАЦИЈА НА ДИГИТАЛНИОТ СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТАР ВО ДЕНТАЛНАТА МЕДИЦИНА – НОВИ МОЖНОСТИ ЗА ТОЧНОСТ И КВАЛИТЕТ: UDC: 681.785.423-027.44:616.31
No full textСовремената дентална медицина е во постојан технолошки напредок, преку интеграцијата на дигиталните технологии кои играат клучна улога во подобрувањето на точноста, ефикасноста и квалитетот на стоматолошките третмани. Еден од најзначајните напредоци во денталната медицина е употребата на дигиталниот спектрофотометар, кој овозможува објективно, брзо и репродуктивно одредување на бојата на забите. Традиционалните методи за одредувањето на бојата, како што се визуелното споредување со стандардни бои или употребата на класични водичи за бои (клучеви на бои), често се подложни на варијации поради субјективни фактори како што се осветлувањето во просторијата односно дали е природна дневна светлина или рефлектор, искуството на стоматологот, индивидуалната перцепција на бојата, обоеноста на просторијата каде што се одредува бојата, бојата на компресата како и доколку пациентите имаат кармин. Ова може да резултира со несоодветно одредување на боите, што е критично за успешноста на естетските стоматолошки третмани.
Интеграцијата на дигиталниот спектрофотометар во денталната медицина овозможува прецизно мерење на бојата на забите преку анализа на светлосните спектри. Овој инструмент користи напредна технологија за регистрирање на различни бранови должини на светлината рефлектирана од површината на забот, овозможувајќи висока точност во одредувањето на нијансата, светлината и хроматичноста. Овие добиени податоци потоа се пренесуваат во стоматолошките лаборатории, овозможувајќи изработка на протетски реставрации (како што се коронки, фасети и мостови) со боја што совршено се усогласува со природните заби на пациентот.
Една од најголемите придобивки од дигиталните спектрофотометари е елиминирање на човекова грешка и подобрување на комуникацијата помеѓу стоматолозите и забните техничари. Ова значително го намалува бројот на корекции и повтони изработки на реставрации, што резултира со заштеда на време и финансиски средства како за стоматологот, така и за техничарот, а и за пациентот. Дополнително, оваа технологија овозможува архивирање односно сочувување во посебно формати на податоците за бојата на забите на пациентите, што овозможува следење на промените со текот на времето и олеснување на идните третмани.
И покрај значителните придобивки, интеграцијата на дигиталниот спектрофотометар во стоматолошката пракса се соочува со одредени предизвици. Факторите како што се природното и вештачкото осветлување, состојбата на емајлот на забот и присуството на површински конкременти можат да влијаат врз точноста на мерењата и одредувањето на бојата со помош на дигиталните спектрофотометри. Поради ова, потребна е соодветна обука на стоматолозите и персоналот на заботехничките лаборатории со цел да се постигнат оптимални резултати.
Заклучно, дигиталниот спектрофотометар претставува еден револуционерен инструмен, односно значаен напредок што се применува во денталната медицина кој овозможува нови можности за зголемена точност, предвидливост и зголемен квалитет во естетските стоматолошки третмани. Неговата секојдневна примена значително го олеснува процесот на одредување на бојата, ја минимизира субјективноста и овозможува персонализирани решенија индивидуално за секој пациентите. Со понатамошниот технолошки развој и усовршување, оваа технологија има потенцијал да стане стандард во современата стоматолошка пракса, обезбедувајќи високо естетски и функционални решенија за пациентит
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ, ПРЕДИЗВИЦИ И ИНОВАЦИИ ВО ПЕРОВСКИТНИТЕ СОЛАРНИ ЌЕЛИИ: UDC: 621.383.51:549.51
No full textПеровскитните соларни ќелии се еден од најперспективните напредоци во фотоволтаиката, нудејќи висока ефикасност и ниска цена на производство во споредба со традиционалните силициумски ќелии. Нивните уникатни оптички и електронски својства овозможуваат конверзија на сончевата енергија со ефикасност поголема од 25%. Сепак, нивната практична примена е ограничена од нестабилноста на материјалот, деградацијата при изложеност на влага и кислород, како и од присуството на токсични компоненти како оловото.
Овој труд ги анализира главните предизвици поврзани со стабилноста и долготрајноста на перовскитните ќелии, како и можностите за нивно надминување преку напредни стратегии како што се нови инкапсулациски техники, замена на токсичните компоненти и подобрување на кристалната структура. Дополнително, се разгледуваат можностите за индустриска примена и тандем соларни ќелии, каде перовскитите се комбинираат со силициум за зголемување на ефикасноста.
Преку систематски преглед на најновите истражувања, трудот ги идентификува предизвиците и перспективите за идниот развој на перовскитните соларни ќелии, потенцијално позиционирајќи ги како водечка технологија во иднината на обновливите извори на енергија
USE OF MACHINE LEARNING FOR CURRENT DENSITY DISTRIBUTION ESTIMATION OF REBCO COATED CONDUCTORS: UDC: [621.315.2.014.1:537.63.08]:004.85.032.26
No full textRare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) coated conductors (CC) have the following advantages: high current density under high magnetic fields and mechanical strength. The REBCO CCs are expected to be applied for high field applications. However, the REBCO CCs have inhomogeneous critical current density due to local cracks or voids in the REBCO layer. It is known that these local defects might cause the normal-state transition, which can lead to significant damage to the magnet. It is necessary to perform non-destructive measurement of the REBCO conductor properties. A Hall Probe Measurement (HPM) is a non-destructive inspection method for critical current density distribution. In the HPM, a magnetic field is applied to the REBCO CC and the field induced by the shielding current is measured. Subsequently, the current density distribution is estimated from the measured field using inverse analysis, in common, based on the Biot-Savart Law or the Fourier transform. However, the resolution of the current density distribution by these methods is coarse and sometimes insufficient to detect the micro-scale defects. In this research, we have built a method to estimate the critical current distribution using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The CNN model is trained using a set of distributions of the critical current density and the field. The estimation accuracy of the CNN model is investigated, and we compare the estimation results with those using conventional methods
MEASURES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF ELECTRICAL MOTORS: UDC: 621.313.3-027.236
No full textAwareness of the efficient use of electrical energy is becoming increasingly important, both in daily life and in industrial settings. Electric motors, which serve as the primary driving force in various applications, are the largest consumers of electrical energy. Enhancing their efficiency not only reduces electricity consumption and lowers costs but also decreases CO₂ emissions, contributing to a cleaner environment. The strict regulations imposed by the EU on motor manufacturers regarding efficiency classes of electric motors require a thorough evaluation of all design parameters that impact efficiency. Some key factors include the number of conductors per stator slot (slot fill factor), motor length and outer diameter, air gap length, and the replacement of aluminum in the rotor squirrel cage winding with copper, among others. Beyond design, the efficiency of electric motors also depends on operational factors such as loading conditions and cooling. Additionally, for a given application, multiple motor types may meet the drive requirements. For decades, asynchronous squirrel cage motors have dominated industries worldwide. However, the emergence of modern technologies and advanced materials, combined with the growing demand for higher efficiency, has made synchronous motors a viable alternative to traditional asynchronous squirrel cage motors. Synchronous motors can be categorized into several types, including line-start synchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors with surface-mounted magnets, and permanent magnet synchronous motors with embedded magnets. This paper aims to provide recommendations for improving the efficiency of both asynchronous and synchronous motors, considering both design and operational aspects. It provides an overview of the construction details of asynchronous motors and various types of synchronous motors, while also comparing their operating characteristics. Finally, the advantages and drawbacks of each motor type are highlighted, with concluding remarks on their respective fields of application
DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS: UDC: 621.311.243-11:004.94
No full textThis paper presents the technical design and simulation-based performance analysis of a photovoltaic system implemented on the rooftop of a small industrial facility located in the central region of North Macedonia. The system includes 136 monocrystalline solar panels with a rated power of 545 W each, connected through two 36 kW Sungrow inverters and configured to meet industrial energy demands efficiently.
Simulations were performed using PVsyst software based on real meteorological data from METEONORM, with calculated energy yield, monthly generation profiles, system losses, and performance ratio. The PV system demonstrated high efficiency, with a projected annual generation of 98 MWh and an average performance ratio exceeding 87%.
The technical solution also considers optimal panel orientation, tilt angles, cable dimensioning, and protection measures, in accordance with engineering standards. The project highlights the viability of rooftop PV systems in industrial applications as a reliable and sustainable energy source.
 
PREFACE / ПРЕДГОВОР
No full textThe Third International Conference “Electrical Engineering, Technology, Informatics, Mechanical Engineering and Automation – Technical Sciences in the Service of the Economy, Education and Industry” (ETIMA’25), organized by the Faculty of Electrical Engineering at the “Goce Delchev” University – Shtip, represents a significant scientific event that enables interdisciplinary exchange of knowledge and experience among researchers, professors, and experts in the field of technical sciences. The conference was held in an online format and brought together 78 authors from five different countries.
The ETIMA conference aims to establish a forum for scientific communication, encouraging multidisciplinary collaboration and promoting technological innovations with direct impact on modern life. Through the presentation of scientific papers, participants shared the results of their research and development activities, contributing to the advancement of knowledge and practice in relevant fields.
The first ETIMA conference was organized four years ago, featuring 40 scientific papers. The second conference took place in 2023 and included over 30 papers. ETIMA’25 continued this scientific tradition, presenting more than 40 papers that reflect the latest achievements in electrical engineering, technology, informatics, mechanical engineering, and automation.
At ETIMA’25, papers were presented that addressed current topics in technical sciences, with particular emphasis on their application in industry, education, and the economy. The conference facilitated fruitful discussions among participants, encouraging new ideas and initiatives for future research and projects.
ETIMA’25 reaffirmed its role as an important platform for scientific exchange and international cooperation. The organizing committee extends sincere gratitude to all participants for their contribution to the successful realization of the conference and its scientific value.
We extend our sincerest gratitude to all colleagues who, through the presentation of their papers, ideas, and active engagement in discussions, contributed to the success and scientific significance of ETIMA’25.
CIP - Каталогизација во публикацијаНационална и универзитетска библиотека "Св. Климент Охридски", Скопје62-049.8(062)004-049.8(062)МЕЃУНАРОДНА конференција ЕТИМА (3 ; 2025 ; Штип) Зборник на трудови [Електронски извор] / Трета меѓународна конференција ЕТИМА 2025, 24-25 септември 2025 ; [главен и одговорен уредник Сашо Гелев] = Conference proceedings / Third international conference, 24-25 September 2025 ; [editor in chief Saso Gelev]. - Текст во PDF формат, содржи 357 стр., илустр. - Штип : Универзитет "Гоце Делчев", Електротехнички факултет ; Stip : "Goce Delchev" University, Faculty of Electrical engineering, 2025Начин на пристапување (URL): https://js.ugd.edu.mk/index.php/etima/en. - Наслов преземен од екранот. - Опис на изворот на ден 30.10.2025. - Трудови на мак. и англ. јазик. - Библиографија кон трудовитеISBN 978-608-277-128-1а) Електротехника -- Примена -- Собири б) Машинство -- Примена -- Собирив) Автоматика -- Примена -- Собири г) Инфоматика -- Примена -- СобириCOBISS.MK-ID 6729702
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THALLIUM IN THE SOILS OF NORTH MACEDONIA
No full textThe aim of the study was to determine the spatial distribution and assessment of thallium contam- ination in the soils of North Macedonia. Topsoil samples (0–30 cm) were collected from 995 locations throughout the country in a grid of 5×5 km between sampling points. The soil samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) using the total digestion method. The distribution of thallium in the soils according to the eight statistical regions of the country is discussed, as well as the distribution based on the 15 most common geological formations and the distribution based on 13 pedological units. The thallium content varied in Macedonian soils from <0.05 to 15.5 mg/kg (median 0.70 mg/kg), which corresponds to the total Tl content for the European soils with a range of 0.01 to 21.3 mg/kg and a median of 0.66 mg/kg. The spatial distribution patterns of Tl in the collected soil samples are mainly determined by the geology (parent material and mineralization). In some areas, the natural anomaly pattern is overlaid by anthropogenic emissions from past and present mining, ore processing and associated metal industries