UGD Publishing System (Goce Delcev University - Stip / Университет „Гоце Делчев“, Щип)
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ИЗБОРНАТА КОЛЕБЛИВОСТ НА МАКЕДОНСКИОТ ЕЛЕКТОРАТ И НЕГОВОТО ВЛИЈАНИЕ ВРЗ МАКЕДОНСКИОТ ПАРТИСКИ СИСТЕМ – ЕДЕН АНАЛИТИЧКИ ОСВРТ ПО ПОВЕЌЕ ОД ТРИ ДЕЦЕНИИ ПОЛИТИЧКИ ПЛУРАЛИЗАМ
No full textИзборната колебливост (еlectoral volatility) во политиколошката наука отсекогаш се сметала како аналитичка категорија преку која може да се вреднува институционализацијата на демократијата во една земја. Изборната колебливост е омнипотентен политички феномен, повеќеслоевит концепт со сложени аналитички и емпириски димензии. Истиот наједноставно може да се дефинира како индикатор кој ги означува промените на партиските преференци во електоратот, т.е. ја отчитува промената во релативната сила на политичката партија од еден до друг изборен циклус. Оттука, целта на овој труд е да се разгледа прашањето за изборната колебливост кај македонскиот електорат во овие изминати повеќе од три децении политички плурализам и вкупно 11 одржани парламентарни избори. Анализата ќе биде направена преку примена на Педерсеновиот индекс на изборната колебливост, кој во науката стана општоприфатен индикатор за мерењето на овој изборен феномен. Преку компаративна споредба на индексните вредности, анализата треба да даде осврт за тоа: какви беа последиците на изборната колебливост во раната фаза на македонската политичка транзиција и демократизација; како бројот на политичките партии влијаеше врз нивото на изборната колебливост; дали примената на различните изборни модели во плурализмот – мнозински (во деведесеттите), паралелен (на преминот XX-XXI век) и пропорционален (на почетокот на новиот милениум), имаше свое влијание врз македонската изборна колебливост; и како етничката дефинираност на партиските блокови на македонската политичка сцена се реперкутираше врз колебливоста во рамките на вкупниот партиски систем. Треба да се нагласи дека при пресметувањето на индексот на изборна колебливост може да се појавата определени предизвици при неговата пресметка бидејќи по секој избори, политичките субјекти се делат, спојуваат, распаѓаат – проблеми кои воопшто не се наивни. Токму на примерот на последните парламентарни избори одржани на 8 мај 2024, најдобро ќе се илустрира потенцијалните проблеми при кодирањето на резултатот на политичките партии при пресметката, бидејќи дел од политичките субјекти во македонскиот партиски систем се соочија со претходно посочените турбуленции во пресрет на овие 11-ти избори во плурализмот.
Клучни зборови: изборна колебливост, партиски систем, електорат, Педерсенов индекс, демократизација
BENEFITS OF STUDYING 8086 MICROPROCESSOR FOR UNDERSTANDING CONTEMPORARY MICROPROCESSOR: UDC: 004.272.22.05
No full textThis paper explores the benefits of studying the 8086 microprocessor to enhance the understanding of contemporary microprocessors. The 8086 microprocessor, introduced by Intel, is a foundational architecture that paved the way for modern microprocessor designs. By analyzing its core components and instruction set, we demonstrate how fundamental concepts introduced in the 8086 are still relevant in today’s advanced processors. The paper compares the architectural evolution of microprocessors, highlighting key differences and similarities between the 8086 and modern processors.
A comparative analysis underscores the value of studying the 8086, particularly for students and professionals seeking to deepen their knowledge of microprocessor architecture. We emphasize how understanding this early processor facilitates learning more complex features found in contemporary systems.
In the experimental section, results from tests performed using the 8086 Emulator and DevC++ are presented. These experiments evaluate how basic operations and instructions from the 8086 are executed and compared with similar operations in contemporary compilers. This evaluation confirms the continuing relevance of foundational microprocessor principles and their role in modern technological advancements.
 
IOT-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN 3D PRINTER ENCLOSURES FOR OPTIMAL PRINTING CONDITIONS: UDC: 004.771:[681.6:004.9-023.5]
No full textWith 3D printing becoming a widespread manufacturing process, maintaining optimal environmental conditions is crucial for achieving high-quality 3D prints. This paper explores an IoT-based environmental control system for 3D printer enclosures, designed to regulate temperature and humidity in real time. This system incorporates sensors, microcontrollers, cloud-based databases and mobile applications in order to maintain the desired 3D printing environment.
The automation of the control of the 3D printing conditions ensures higher-quality prints, improved material consistency and durability, and reduced print failures. Additionally, remote monitoring and mobile alerts provide users with up-to-date knowledge about the current and past environmental parameters, control of settings and additional control and command features.
Experimental results will demonstrate the effectiveness of the climate control system, which in turn highlights the potential for both professional and hobbyist 3D printing applications
ПРИМЕНА НА WAMS И WACS СИСТЕМИ ВО SMART GRID: UDC: 621.311.1:681.51-047.36
No full textВо екот на еволуцијата и истражувачката ера на паметните енергетски мрежи, се јавува сè поголема потреба од технологии за следење, анализа и контрола во реално време. Системите за мониторинг на широкаповршина (WAMS) и системите за контрола на широка површина (WACS) се составен дел од подобрувањето на сигурноста, стабилноста и оперативната ефикасност на мрежата. Овие системи обезбедуваат податоци со висока резолуција, временски синхронизирани и овозможуваат координирани контролни дејствија низ големи географски области. Се истражува улогата на WAMS и WACS системите во подобрувањето на видливоста и контролата на паметната мрежа, особено со интеграцијата на обновливи извори. Дискутирани се нивните придонеси за ублажување на нарушувања и зголемување на заштитата. Презентирани се достигнувања и студии на случаи, но и предизвици, како високите капитални инвестиции, барањата за комуникациски мрежи, сложената синхронизација и сајбер безбедноста. Единството помеѓу WAMS и WACS е клучно за транзицијата кон интелигентна, одржлива електрична мрежа
DIGITALIZATION OF BPM USING THE CAMUNDA SOFTWARE TOOL ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF MONTENEGRO: UDC: 336.71-028.274:004.42(497.16)
No full textIn the modern business landscape, the banking sector faces increasing demands for digitalization and process optimization. Traditional business process management approaches, reliant on manual document handling, lengthy procedures, and paper-based workflows, reduce efficiency, increase operational costs, and introduce risks of human error. To address these challenges, this paper focuses on the digital transformation of business processes at the Central Bank of Montenegro (CBCG) through the implementation of the Camunda platform as a key tool for process modeling and automation. By leveraging advanced BPM technologies, this study aims to streamline workflows, enhance operational agility, and ensure regulatory compliance through the implementation of automated approval and verification mechanisms. Additionally, the research explores the development of sophisticated process orchestration models, including automated document generation, distributed notification management, and hierarchical access control systems. This research holds significant relevance for financial institutions and public sector organizations seeking to modernize their operations. By demonstrating the potential of intelligent process automation, the study provides a framework for improving institutional efficiency, transparency, and adaptability in an increasingly complex regulatory and technological environment
INTRAORAL ELECTROSTIMULATOR FOR RADIATION INDUCED XEROSTOMIA IN PATIENTS WITH HEAD AND NECK CANCER: UDC: [621.373.13.031:612.313]:617.51/.53-006.6
No full textAbstract
Xerostomia is a common condition that often affects patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. The condition arises primarily due to damage to the salivary glands, leading to a significant reduction in saliva production. This not only impacts oral health but also diminishes the quality of life for patients, making it essential to explore effective treatment options. One such innovation is the SaliPen electrostimulator, a device designed to stimulate salivary gland function. Several clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of the SaliPen electrostimulator in patients suffering from xerostomia due to radiotherapy. When the SaliPen is activated, the control unit generates low-frequency electrical impulses. These impulses are typically in the range of 1 to 100 Hz, which is optimal for stimulating the salivary glands without causing discomfort to the user. The generated impulses are transmitted through the electrodes to the oral mucosa. The design of the electrodes ensures that the electrical current penetrates the tissue effectively, reaching the nerve endings associated with the salivary glands. The electrical impulses stimulate the afferent nerve fibers in the oral mucosa, particularly those linked to the parasympathetic nervous system. As a result of the electrical stimulation, neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine are released at the synapses of the salivary glands. Acetylcholine is a key neurotransmitter in the stimulation of saliva secretion, activating the glandular cells responsible for producing saliva. The activation of the salivary glands leads to an increase in saliva production. The SaliPen effectively enhances the function of the remaining viable salivary tissue, allowing patients to experience relief from the symptoms of xerostomia. As further research elucidates its benefits and optimizes treatment protocols, the SaliPen may become a standard element in the care of patients suffering from the debilitating effects of dry mouth. As healthcare continues to evolve, innovations like the SaliPen demonstrate the potential for improved outcomes in the management of complex postradiation-related symptoms.
Key words: electrostimulation, xerostomia, radiotherapy, salivary glands, head and neck cancer
 
THE NEED FOR MUSIC THERAPY IN CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES
No full textThis paper aims to enrich the resocialization process in the prison of the Republic of Macedonia through the application of music therapy and the opportunities it offers to achieve positive results in the personality of the prisoners. Music therapy offers very useful methods and work that can be applied in working with this category of people serving a prison sentence. A large part of the time prisoners spend in prison is insufficiently used. The organization of time by employees in the resocialization sector and the regular general and specific programs intended for their resocialization while serving a prison sentence should also be filled with other useful activities. This primarily refers to the organization of free time, which is also of great importance and is an integral part of the socialization of prisoners
YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SOME WHEAT VARIETIES (Triticum aestivum L.) GROWN IN KOCANI REGION
No full textThe purpose of this research was to study the yield and yield components in seven wheat varieties grown under the soil-climatic conditions of Kochani region. As an experimental material were used six introduced varieties (Rajna, Igra, Epoha, Falado, Grivna and Pobeda) and one domestic variety (Mila). The field trial was conducted in 2022/23 growing season, in randomized block design with three replications. The grain yield, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grains weight per spike, weight of 1000 grains, number of spikes per m2 and the biological yield were analyzed. Analysis of variance showed high genetic variability and significant differences between the examined varieties for all studied properties. The highest average grain yield was obtained by Falado variety (0,68 kg/m2). Also, this variety showed the highest average value for the grains weight per spike (2,49 g), weight of 1000 grains (43,0 g) and biological yield (3,1 kg/m2). The variety Falado was followed by Grivna variety which had the highest value for number of spikes per m2 (1380 spike per m2) and number of grains per spike (64,86).
High values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation (GCV and PCV) were noted for grain yield, biological yield, grains weight per spike, number of grains per spike, spike length, which indicate high variability between tested genotypes. All examined traits showed high heritability. The grain yield was in positive significant correlation with grains weight per spike (r=0,928) and number of grains per spike (r=0,793).
High values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation (GCV and PCV) were noted for grain yield, biological yield, grains weight per spike, number of grains per spike, spike length, which indicate high variability between tested genotypes. All examined traits showed high heritability. The grain yield was in positive significant correlation with grains weight per spike (r=0,928) and number of grains per spike (r=0,793)
COMPARATIVE COST ANALYSIS OF SOIL CARBON DETERMINATION USING TOC ANALYZER vs. WALKLEY-BLACK METHOD
No full textSoil carbon measurement is critical for understanding soil health, fertility, and the role of soils in global carbon cycling and climate change mitigation. Two widely used methods for determining soil organic carbon (SOC) are the Walkley-Black method and the use of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyzers. Each method has unique strengths and limitations, making them suitable for different applications depending on accuracy, cost, and available resources. This study compares the costs associated with both techniques, including capital investment, consumables, labor, maintenance, and waste disposal. Moreover, the quality assurance comparative analyses have been applied as well, assuming the basic reference criteria, such as: precision, accuracy and uncertainty of the measurements. Data from multiple laboratories and sample scales are used to develop a comprehensive cost model. The analysis highlights the trade-offs between precision, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, offering insights for selecting the most suitable method for different applications
MICROBIOLOGICAL GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN SHALLOW WELLS BEFORE AND AFTER DISINFECTION WITH PERACETIC ACID
No full textThe microbiological examination of water is used worldwide to monitor and control the quality and safety of various types of water. Peracetic acid (PAA) has garnered increasing attention as an alternative oxidant and disinfectant in water treatment due to the rising demand to reduce chlorine usage and control disinfection byproducts. The main aim of the research was to assess the well water microbiological quality before and after disinfection with PAA. The water samples were taken from 5 wells in the rural areas of Probishtip and Kocani regions of North Macedonia. Sampling was conducted twice (before and after disinfection) per season during the four seasons of the year. Water samples from 5 shallow wells were analysed for microbiological parameters using reference methods. The results were compared with the quality of control water and the permissible values according to the national legislation. Water quality parameters indicated that all well water samples failed to meet safe drinking water limits. A significant improvement in the microbiological quality of the water was observed during the seasons when a PAA working solution with concentrations of 0.05% and 0.1% was used. The regression statistical model revealed that disinfection with PAA and the seasonal variation in its concentration had a statistically significant influence on the microbiological quality of well water (p<0.001). Identification and management of groundwater quality are of utmost importance for maintaining freshwater resources, which are essential for sustainable rural development