UGD Publishing System (Goce Delcev University - Stip / Университет „Гоце Делчев“, Щип)
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THE STRUCTURE OF PRISON SENTENCING AS A MECHANISM FOR ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WOMEN’S RESOCIALIZATION
No full textThis study examines how the organization of daily activities and
leisure time in women\u27s penitentiary institutions can enhance their
rehabilitation and preparation for reintegration into family and
societal life. The research argues that structured time management
in correctional facilities, when properly implemented by
institutional staff, serves as a crucial factor in successful
resocialization of female inmates. Through qualitative methods
including open-ended interviews with 31 incarcerated women and
expert evaluations with 40 correctional professionals, the study
identifies five primary activity domains: vocational work (weight
coefficient 0.39), peer socialization (0.26), educational
programming (0.17), family communication (0.11), and
sports/skill development (0.07). The analysis reveals significant
institutional barriers to effective rehabilitation, particularly
inadequate recreational facilities (identified as the most pressing
issue with 0.41 weight), insufficient health considerations (0.28),
and poor compliance with rehabilitation-focused legislation
(0.19). The findings demonstrate that current penitentiary
practices in Kazakhstan frequently fail to meet international
standards for female offender rehabilitation, particularly
regarding proximity to family locations and implementation of
vocational training programs. The study concludes with specific
recommendations for improving correctional programming,
emphasizing the need for enhanced educational opportunities,
family visitation policies, and structured leisure activities that
collectively support post-release social integration
AUTOMATION IN ACTION: EXPERIENCE WITH QUICK AND COST-EFFICIENT ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS IN HUNGARY
No full textAutomated decision-making can streamline administrative
procedures, reducing the burden on authorities in straightforward
cases. However, a concerning trend emerges: negative decisions
challenged by clients are often so simplified that they render
judicial review meaningless, leaving issues unresolved. This is not
merely a technical issue but a constitutional one. Clients are
frequently deprived of meaningful reasoning, procedural
safeguards, and effective legal remedies. Administrative decisions
should uphold legality and transparency, ensuring fair
proceedings. When a decision lacks proper justification and courts
cannot assess its legality, it becomes unsuitable for review,
undermining due process. If automation leads to decisions lacking
transparency and accountability, it threatens fundamental legal
principles.
This study aims to show how automated -decision making is done
in practice and what legal problems has emerged already by
exploring casefiles and judicial decisions to highlight the risks of
automated decision-making and calls for a balanced approach to
maintain efficiency while safeguarding constitutional rights and
judicial oversight
RETHINKING POWER SHARING: ASSESSING MODELS THROUGH EXPERT INSIGHTS IN THE BALKANS
No full textThe paper examines expert assessments of the effectiveness, sustainability, and integrative potential of power-sharing institutions in three post-conflict Balkan polities—Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, and Kosovo—with Montenegro serving as a control case. Drawing on an original survey of 111 scholars and civil-society representatives, the study quantifies expert perceptions of institutional performance, the risk of renewed conflict, and the role of international actors. The findings reveal a common pattern: while power-sharing arrangements have delivered short-term conflict containment and ensured ethnic representation, they have fallen short of fostering durable inter-ethnic integration. By contrasting these results with the more moderate Montenegrin evaluations, the article shows that the lasting intensity of wartime legacies—rather than institutional design alone—shapes expectations of political stability and reconciliation. Methodologically, the study demonstrates the added value of expert surveys for capturing post-conflict dynamics that escape conventional datasets. Substantively, it refines the debate on when and how power-sharing can move beyond elite accommodation to societal integration, providing a baseline against which future longitudinal and comparative research can be gauged
“A FLURRY OF ARRIVALS BY SMALL BOATS” – FRAMING ALBANIAN IMMIGRATION IN THE BRITISH PRESS
No full textThis article investigates the metaphorical representation of Albanian immigrants in the British press between January 2021 and September 2023, a period marked by a noticeable increase in Albanian asylum seekers and a harsh political rhetoric around immigration. Drawing on the framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis, the study examines how metaphors are employed to frame migration and construct public perceptions of Albanian immigrants in the British press. The analysis is based on a corpus of news articles from a range of ideologically different newspapers, such as The Guardian, the Daily Mail, and The Telegraph. Four dominant metaphorical scenarios emerged from the data: the space container scenario, the natural disaster scenario, the commodity scenario, and the war scenario. These metaphors consistently portray Albanian immigrants as dehumanized, threatening, or lacking agency. The space container metaphor scenario presents Britain as a space under pressure, while the natural disaster metaphor scenario emphasizes migration as an uncontrollable and overwhelming force. The commodity metaphor scenario reduces immigrants to objects of trade, often linking them with economic or criminal narratives. Finally, the war metaphor scenario depicts immigration as an act of aggression or invasion, especially prominent in right-leaning media
CHEAP TALK, KRIPKE SEMANTICS, COMMON KNOWLEDGE AND TWO EXAMPLES OF BOOM, BUST & ASSET BUBBLES
No full textThis paper investigates the Crawford-Sobel model as cheap talk model where communication between players does (not) directly affect the payoffs of the game. Partition equilibrium and equilibrium actions do not converge with bias in beliefs. Green-Stoke model of information transmission showed that BNE differs from Cournot, Nash and Stackelberg and while Cournot is agent and principal best response, BNE is principal best response. Stackelberg equilibrium is outside of principals’ or agents\u27 BR. Kripke model of partial separation with mixed strategy equilibrium show that if the world is beliefs/payoff ratio is higher than that of and if the world is beliefs/payoff ratio is higher than in world. In the common knowledge frame communication does not change the structure of knowledge in the model. Deterministic and bursting bubbles differ in the movement of dividend/price and capital gain. Whether investors coordinate for collective optimality Kantian equilibrium or not (Nash equilibrium) matters for asset bubble size.Dot.com bubble and 2008 financial crisis with Case-Shiller measure for housing bubble and S&P movements are investigated as some indicators for asset bubbles and cheap talk
ФУНКЦОНАЛНАТА ПОДГОТВЕНОСТ НА КУЛТУРНОТО НАСЛЕДСТВО ЗА ТУРИСТЧКА ПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЈА
No full textМакедонскиот модел на заштитата на културното наследство изминативе 21 година се заснова на првиот македонски Закон за заштита на културното наследство, со што се создаде автохтон модел на дејствување во преметната област. Oвој правен акт со статус lex generalis понуди квалитативен пристап кон културното наследство во однос на терминолошкото дефнирање на поимите со кои се оперира. Па така, се напушти терминот споменик на културата, што подразбира исклучиво материја, а се воведе терминот културно наследство, создавајќи можност за системно вклучување и на нематеријалните добра. Со ова, колективната меморија како цивилизациската продобивка од претходните генерации доби статус на организирано внимание од државата. Исто така, формирана е и Управата за заштита на културното наследство, орган во состав на Министерството за култура (сега и туризам) за извршување на управно-правните работи, т.е. јавните функции, со што требаше да се што овозможи единствен пристап при спроведување на законските норми на целата територија државата. Но овој модел на институционално дејствување констатира низа слабости, односно непотребни, а во многу случаи и редундандни административни постапки во делот на облигаторната комуникација на релација Министерство за култура и туризам - Управа за заштита на културното наследство - национални и локални установи, како и со имателите на поединечни недвижни културни добра. Практичината примена на овој модел покажа и апсурдни бирократски чекори кои само ја оптоваруваат самата суштина на заштитата на културното наследство, а тоа е зачувување, претставување и пренесување на идните генерации, а со тоа и самата туристичка презентација, толку многу потребна во додадената вредност на Министерството за култура.
 
ПРЕНАСОЧУВАЊЕ НА ЛОГИСТИЧКИТЕ РУТИ И АДАПТАЦИЈА НА ШПЕДИТЕРСКИТЕ КОМПАНИИ КАКО ОДГОВОР НА ЦАРИНСКИТЕ БАРИЕРИ
No full textВо услови на зголемени геополитички тензии и протекционистички економски политики, царинските бариери стануваат сè почест инструмент на трговска регулација. Овој труд ги анализира стратегиите за пренасочување на логистичките рути и адаптацијата на шпедитерските компании како реакција на овие бариери. Истражувањето се фокусира на конкретни примери од глобалната трговија, како што се трговската војна меѓу САД и Кина, и влијанието на новите царински режими врз испораката, времето на транспорт и оперативните трошоци. Се разгледуваат и технолошките иновации, алтернативните коридори, како и диверзификацијата на пазарите и снабдувачките синџири како клучни адаптивни механизми. Трудот нуди критичка проценка на одржливоста на овие стратегии и нивната улога во обезбедување на континуитет на логистичките процеси во нестабилна регулаторна средина. Заклучокот е дека флексибилноста, дигитализацијата и проактивното планирање се неопходни предуслови за конкурентноста на шпедитерските компании во ерата на зголемена царинска фрагментација
THE USE OF PARONYM PAIRS READABLE / LEGIBLE AND GENETIC / GENETICS
No full textDue to their similar pronunciation, paronyms in the Macedonian language are often used incorrectly in different contexts. The reasons for the incorrect use of paronyms can be of a very diverse nature, starting first from carelessness, then incorrect pronunciation, insufficient knowledge of the language and a low level of education. In situations where an appropriate equivalent word in the native language is unknown, speakers often resort to using an international word that sounds and means something similar. This paper uses a survey to examine whether the paronym pairs “readable” / “legible” and “genetic” / “genetics” are used correctly.
Keywords: readable; legible; genetic; genetics; paronyms; paronym pairs; synonyms