Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research (University Assiut, Egypt)
Not a member yet
1269 research outputs found
Sort by
Impact of fermented Physalis angulata filtrate and Lactobacillus acidophilus on intestine ecology, morphology and broiler carcass quality
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Physalis angulata fruit filtrate fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus on intestinal ecology, small intestine morphology and carcass quality of broilers. A total of 280 Day Old Chick broilers (unsex) were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 7 replicates of 10 chickens each. The treatments included T0 (control), T1 (1% Physalis angulata fruit filtrate), T2 (1% L. acidophilus), and T3 (1% fermented Physalis angulata fruit filtrate). Treatments were administered daily through drinking water from day 1 to day 32. Observed parameters included the counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and coliforms, small intestine morphology, carcass characteristics, and broiler meat quality. Data were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design. The result show that T3 significantly optimized feed efficiency compared to the other treatments (p<0.05). The total lactic acid bacteria in the cecum were higher in T2 and T3 treatments compared to T0 and T1 (p<0.05). However, the treatments did not result in significant differences in the number of coliforms, small intestine morphology, carcass characteristics, meat pH, meat color, and chemical composition of broiler meat (p>0.05), except for a lower percentage of abdominal fat in T2 and T3 treatments (p<0.05) and higher moisture content in breast meat in T2 (p<0.05). In conclusion: fermented Physalis angulata fruit filtrate can improve feed efficiency, cecal LAB population, reduce abdominal fat, and increase breast meat moisture content, indicating that supplementation with Physalis angulata fruit filtrate, L. acidophilus, and their fermentation has potential as a feed additive for broilers
Sustainable valorization of poultry by-products: Optimized extraction of gelatin from chicken feet using acid treatments
Get PDFChicken feet, a major by-product of poultry slaughterhouses, are underutilized despite their high collagen content, which can be converted into gelatin. This study aimed to optimize gelatin extraction from chicken feet using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and phosphoric acid through Response Surface Methodology (RSM), focusing on yield, pH, lightness (L*), and viscosity. Extraction conditions were varied by acid concentration and soaking duration. Results showed that prolonged extraction time significantly improved yield, while excessively high acid concentrations led to over-hydrolysis and reduced recovery. Optimized conditions for HCl were achieved at 2.09% concentration and 19.11 h soaking time with a yield of 8.45% (desirability 0.986), while phosphoric acid achieved optimal results at 11.06% and 21.51 h with a yield of 8.61% (desirability 1.00). Gelatin quality was strongly affected by pH, where near-neutral conditions enhanced structural stability. Lightness decreased with extended soaking, whereas viscosity was higher in phosphoric acid treatment compared to HCl. This research highlights the sustainable valorization of poultry by-products into value-added gelatin, supporting circular economy principles and offering an alternative source of functional biopolymer for food applications
Fermentability and total digestible nutrients of Pennisetum purpureum cv mott supplemented with buffalo rumen content as probiotic and various level of readily available carbohydrate in balibul sheep in vitro
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to produce probiotic origin from buffalo rumen-contents enriched with N, S, P, and cassava flour as a source of readily available carbohydrate (RAC) to increase fermentability and energy production of Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott grass in the rumen of balibul sheep. Materials used in this study were Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott grass, buffalo rumen-contents, elements N, S and P and cassava flour. The study was conducted in vitro using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. Variables measured were total volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia (NH3) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). Results of the study showed that supplementation of cassava flour as a source of RAC significantly increased the production of VFA, and TDN value (P<0.05), but significantly decreased NH3 production. Average VFA production were 56.67 (T0), 63.33 (T1), 73.33 (T2) and 66.67 mM. Average NH3 production were 5.61 (T0), 5.28 (T1), 5.06 (T2) and 5.04 mM. Average TDN value were were 50.47 (T0), 5.28 (T1), 5.06 (T2) and 5.04%. It can be concluded that supplementation of cassava flour as a source of RAC increase VFA production and TDN value whith supplementation of 5% RAC and reduces NH3 production
Mitigating effects of ginseng bulk on hepatic and immunological toxicity induced by boldenone undecylenate in rats
Get PDFBoldenone undecylenate (Bold) is an anabolic–androgen steroid, which is used illegally in veterinary and human uses for bodybuilding and fitness, but it is associated with adverse effects mainly to the liver and immunity. Ginseng has antioxidant and immune-modulatory activities. This study investigated the effect of ginseng bulk (Gin) on liver functions and the immunity of rats exposed to oxidative stress induced by using Bold. Forty healthy adult male Wistar Albino rats were equally divided into four groups; control, Sesame oil (vehicle control), Bold, and Bold + Gin 100 (100 mg/kg Gin). After 8 weeks, blood and liver samples were collected for analysis of liver enzymes (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), oxidative stress markers (catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), immune markers (Immunoglobulin G (IgG)), and liver histology. The results showed that in the Bold treated group, AST, ALT, MDA, and IgG levels were significantly elevated, while catalase was reduced compared to the control group. However, the co-administration of ginseng bulk with Bold significantly improved these parameters, reducing liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers, and immune cell alterations while increasing hepatic catalase activity. Histological examination of the liver in the Bold group revealed severe damage, including necrosis, vacuolar degeneration, inflammation, and cirrhosis, while ginseng supplementation led to improvement in the liver architecture. In conclusion, ginseng bulk 100 has an ameliorating effect against the liver and the immune damage caused by Bold, highlighting their antioxidant and immune-modulatory properties
Research trends on Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDC): A bibliometric analysis
Get PDFBovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a global multifactorial infectious disease of cattle. An essential technique for examining articles and other publications in literature is bibliometric analysis. By May 2025, we conducted quantitative research on BRDC. The Web of Science database (WOS) provided information about the disease. The VOSviewer software was used to set statistical data for each item under study, with an emphasis on the top ten outcomes for each item. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3,678 papers were included in the review. The findings showed that author Confer, Anthony had the most published articles (67, 1.82%), with the most recent publications coming out in 2024 (209, 5.68%). The USA was the leading country in publications (1439, 39.12%), and the top funding agency was the US Department of Agriculture (161, 4.37%). On the institutional front, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) led the way with 216 publications (5.87 %). However, the least productive institute was Iowa State University (96, 2.61%). The majority of papers (3542, 96.30 %) were in English, while Veterinary Sciences had the most publications in WOS categories (1868, 50.78%). The most prevalent type was research papers (3106, 84.44%). According to the bibliometric analysis, Elsevier was the primary publisher (893, 24.27 %). The bibliometric analysis's findings show that there are an increasing number of studies on BRDC in cattle, which is concerning because the illness is alarmingly reemerging. The findings can aid in determining potential future strategies for its control and prevention
Epizootic bovine abortion: A devastating disease for cattle
Get PDFFoothill abortion, also known as Epizootic Bovine Abortion (EBA), is a condition that causes abortion in cattle. EBA is caused by the bacterium Pajaroellobacter abortibovis, which is transported by the Pajaroello tick (Ornithodoros coriaceus). EBA is thought to have existed in California since the 1920s, and in the early 1950s it was identified as a major factor limiting the state's maximum calf output. Since 1954, California cow ranches have seen significant calf losses of up to 65% in the early stages of pregnancy due to EBA. It seems that P. abortibovis enters the growing fetus through the placenta of infected cows. The immune system's reaction to EBA includes the return of immune cells to eradicate bacteria and bacterial multiplication. Chronic prenatal infections caused by EBA agents result in extensive gross and histologic lesions. Abortion frequently happens in the last trimester, and lesions progress over three months or longer. Historically, fetal pathology, higher fetal serum immunoglobulin levels, and a history of the dam grazing in an area thought to be endemic for the disease during pregnancy have been used to diagnose EBA. Cows six months or less pregnant, the availability of hungry Pajaroello ticks in the cows' grazing area, cows who have not been exposed before and lack immunity, and warm, dry weather that speeds up the tick's metabolism are risk factors for EBA. Controlling EBA has classically involved only making adjustments to management techniques that can occasionally lessen, but not always completely eradicate, the losses brought on by EBA
Potential dietary of manganese, zinc and copper nanoparticles supplementation in improving growth performance, blood metabolites and cecal short-chain fatty acids of broilers
Get PDFA 35-day experiment was carried out to study the effect of replacement inorganic Mn, Zn and Cu by nanoparticles sources (either separately or in combination) in broilers diet on performance of growth, parameters of serum biochemistry and cecal short-chain fatty acids. A total number of 120 one day old, unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into five groups at random, with 24 chicks in each of the three replicates (8 per each). Group 1 was fed on the diet contained inorganic Mn, Zn and Cu sulfate while, group 2,3 and 4 fed diets containing Mn, Zn and Cu-sulfate nano particles, respectively). Chicks in group 5 receiving diet with a combination of nano- Mn, Zn and Cu. The results revealed that, inclusion of Mn, Zn and Cu nano particles had a positive effect on growth performance metrics, as seen by increased final weight of the body and total gaining in weight during the experimental period compared to control. The groups supplemented with nanoparticles had considerably (p<0.01) lower feed consumption than the inorganic-treated group (control). There was a significant improvement in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European performance efficiency factor (EPEF) of nano-trace elements supplemented group. In addition, all nano-treated groups exhibited a significant increase in serum total protein, globulin, serum minerals (Mn, Zn, Cu, Ca, and P), and cecal SCFAs as compared to the control. All groups supplemented with nano- minerals showed reduced levels of liver function test (ALT and AST), renal function test (creatinine, urea, and uric acid), lipid profile (Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL). Conclusively, inclusion of nano-Mn, Zn and Cu in broiler diets (either single or in a combination) lead to appreciable enhancements in all assessed parameters experimented in this study
Meta-Analysis of the effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplementation on broiler growth performance
Get PDFAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a leguminous plant rich in amino acids and micronutrients, making it a potential feed supplement for poultry. However, its high fiber content may limit its efficacy. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of alfalfa supplementation on broiler performance, including feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Articles were selected from Scopus, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar based on eligibility criteria developed with reference to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Written information in English that includes age of animal, form of alfalfa, growth phase, supplementation level, and evaluation of animal performance (consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion of broilers). The effect size of the alfalfa supplementation treatment was calculated to estimate the standardised mean difference (SMD) at 95% Confident Interval (95% CI) using a random effects model (REM). The meta-analysis included 8 research papers that were eligible. Open Meta-Analyst for Ecology and Evolution (OpenMEE) software was used for all analyses. The collected results showed that afalfa supplementation decreased feed consumption (SMD -0.98; P>0.001), decreased body weight (SMD -1.4; P>0.001), but increased feed conversion value (SMD 0.83; P>0.001). The conclusion of the meta-analysis indicates that alfalfa supplementation as a feed protein-fibre additive can reduce broiler performance
Effect of vitamin C and its nanoparticles injection on testicular hemodynamics, testicular volume, testicular echotexture, and circulating testosterone and nitric oxide in pubescent goat bucks
Get PDFThe current study investigated the effect of vitamin C and its nanoparticles (NPs) on testicular hemodynamics using Doppler ultrasonography, testicular volume (TV), testicular echotexture (PIX), and circulating testosterone (T), nitric oxide (NO), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in pubescent bucks under heat stress conditions. Fifteen Baladi goat bucks were split into three groups (5 in each): the control group received subcutaneous (S/C) injections of 1 ml of corn oil, the vitamin C group received S/C injections of 1 ml of traditional vitamin C (5mg/kg body weight), and the vitamin C NPs group was administered by S/C injections of 1ml of vitamin C NPs (1.25 mg/kg body weight). All groups had been injected twice a week in 3-4 days intervals for 4 consecutive weeks. Testicular hemodynamics assessment was done on day zero, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32. Estimating the TV and PIX was performed by B-mode ultrasonography and computer-assisted image analysis software. Concentrations of T, NO, and TAC were measured using commercial kits. Results revealed significant decreases (P ˂0.05) in Doppler indices values (resistive index and pulsatility index) in the vitamin C NPs group followed by the vitamin C group compared to the control group. There were significant increases (P < 0.05) in the TV, PIX, and NO, TAC concentrations in the vitamin C NPs group and vitamin C group compared to the control group. There were no significant differences (P ˃ 0.05) in the concentrations of T between all groups during the studied time points. In conclusion, vitamin C NPs improve testicular blood flow and increase NO concentrations and TV than traditional vitamin C. Nano-formulations of vitamin C showed higher antioxidant activity compared to traditional vitamin C as it improves its stability and bioavailability. So, using nanoparticles of vitamin C could be recommended for improving the reproductive performance of pubescent bucks under heat-stress conditions
Improvement of yoghurt safety by addition of thyme- oil and thyme oil Nano emulsion as antibacterial agent
Get PDFThroughout the years, consumer demand for healthy, proper food has increased significantly. To cater the consumer demands, present trends in the food manufacturing are shifting to natural, high-quality products with decreasing processed additives changing them with plant-based substitutes. In the current study, the antibacterial activity of thyme essential oil and thyme oil-nanoemulsion (NE) was detected against E. coli O157, S. typhimurium, S. aureus and L. monocytogenes in manufactured yoghurt. The antibacterial activities of TEO and TNE were evaluated using disc diffusion and resazurin microdilution methods. The droplets size of the TNE was 135.7±23.04 nm also, showed a greater reduction in MIC and a greater increase in zone of inhibition (ZOI) against E. coli O157 (0.04%; 36 mm), S. typhimurium (0.01%; 41.5 mm), S. aureus (0.07%; 45 mm), and L. monocytogenes (0.1%; 32 mm). A scanning electron microscope was applied to perceive the morphological changes in the selected bacterial cells. Damage in bacterial cells following the addition of the nanoemulsion was observed. Yoghurt inoculated with the tested bacteria was supplemented with TEO and TNE at different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, and 0.2%) to enhance its quality. The supplementation of yoghurt with TEO nanoemulsion could represent a promising natural preservative for enhancing the microbiological safety and maintaining the sensory properties of yoghurt