Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research (University Assiut, Egypt)
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DNA polymorphism of 3’ UTR of Nramp1 gene in Malvi breed of cattle
Full text linkThe natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene (Nramp1), which is a member of large family of metal ion–transport protein. Nramp1 gene plays a critical role in innate immunity favoring bacterial killing by macrophages in addition to its influence on adaptive immunity. The aim of the present investigation was to identify the genetic variations in the 3’UTR (Untranslated region) of Nramp1 gene in the Malvi breed (Bos indicus) cattle, using the technique PCR-SSCP and by sequencing. PCR-SSCP (Single Strand conformational polymorphism) of 440 bp amplicon of Nramp1 gene revealed three common SSCP patterns in Malvi breed. A total of 3 SSCP patterns viz Pattern I, Pattern II and Pattern III were observed with frequency of 0.361, 0.426 and 0.213 respectively. The patterns variations were confirmed by cloning and sequencing, which showed total 6 mutations in 3 patterns
Detection of Protein Bound Volatile Compounds in Buffalo Urine
Full text linkAnimal urine contains different non-polar volatile compounds, which are known to stimulate their sexual behavior. These compounds collectively termed as pheromones that remain bound to some urinary proteins, which help in their signaling. The objective of this experiment was to identify the urinary volatile compounds before and after protease treatment in bull and in various reproductive stages of female buffaloes, viz. estrus, diestrus and pregnancy, by chemical extraction followed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Buffalo bull urine showed different compounds in TLC upon protease treatment, where as no change in retention time values were observed for female buffalo urine upon protease treatment. It was found that buffalo bull urine contains protein bound non-polar compounds, which can be set free upon protease treatment and detected by TLC
PCR-SSCP and Sequencing of CXCR2 Receptor Gene in Vrindavani Cattle
Full text linkGenetic markers associated with inflammatory responses during mastitis could aid in the selection of diseased cattle. One potential marker is CXCR2, a chemokine receptor required for neutrophil migration to infection sites. The objective of this experiment was to identify genetic polymorphism of CXCR2 gene and associate it with subclinical and clinical mastitis. Ninety five Vrindavani crossbred cows (42-mastitis tolerant and 53-clinical mastitis) that completed at least two full lactations were taken for study. Blood of selected crossbred cows was collected, and genomic DNA was isolated by phenol chloroform method. The DNA of good quality having OD ratio (260/280 nm) between 1.7-1.9 were used for further analysis. PCR-SSCP technique was used to reveal the polymorphism in 269bp fragments of CXCR2 gene. The 269 bp fragment of CXCR2 gene was found to be monomorphic in all the DNA samples of crossbred cows
Gastrotomy for Retrieval of Thoracic Oesophageal Foriegn Body Using Long Forceps Technique in Three Dogs
Full text linkThree dogs age between 3- 6 years old was presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology with the history of anorexia, attempt for vomiting, regurgitation, dysphagia, gagging, mild salivation after taking a piece of bone. Clinical examination revealed heart rate and respiratory were within physiological limits. Lateral plain radiograph of thorax revealed radio opaque foreign body was lodged between heart and diaphragm. Surgical invention was planned to retrieve thoracic oesophageal foreign body through gastrotomy incision. This clinical paper reports the successful surgical management of thoracic oesophageal foreign body through gastrotomy incision using long forceps without complication
Therapeutic Management of Subclinical Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis in Association with Iliofemoral Lymphadenopathy in a Cow
No full textA 6.5 year old Holstein-Friesian dairy cow was initially presented with anorexia and reduced milk yield. Subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by California Mastitis Test (CMT). Bacteriological examination of a milk sample of the affected hind quarter revealed the detection of S. aureus. Additionally, rectal examination revealed very large and hard iliofemoral lymph nodes. Iliofemoral lymphadenopathy was then confirmed by ultrasound examination. This unusual case suggests that S. aureus intramammary infection (IMI) may possess the ability to invade the host organism by lymphatic route without causing visible inflammatory reactions
Non-protein coding RNAs: making their own path losing translation
Full text linkRibonucleic acid (RNA) can serve genetic, catalytic, structural, and regulatory roles. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes make transcripts that function directly as RNA, rather than encoding proteins. Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA are well known examples of non-coding RNA. Around 98% of all transcriptional output in humans is non-coding RNA. RNA-mediated gene regulation is widespread in higher eukaryotes and complex genetic phenomena like RNA interference, co-suppression, transgene silencing, imprinting, methylation, and possibly position-effect variegation and transvection, all involve intersecting pathways based on or connected to RNA signaling. Due to its high abundance, non-coding RNAs have several important biological roles in living organisms
Identification and Histopathological Study of Trematode, Gonapodasmius epinepheli in Orange Spotted Grouper, Epinephelus coioides (First report from Persian Gulf, Iran)
Full text linkGonapodasmius epinepheli, a didymozoid trematode, was found in orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides, Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822), in Khark Island coastal area in Persian Gulf, Iran. The Gonapodasmius epinepheli encysted on gills in primary lamellae. Histopathological serial sections revealed that larvae were mainly embedded under the gill epithelium and eggs of the parasite were disseminated in some organs such as gill epithelium and uterus lumen. Pathological changes and host response were primary reduction and destruction of secondary lamellae. Various stages of the life cycle of this parasite were discussed in this study
Duplex-PCR for Identification and Differentiation of Cattle and Buffalo Processed Meat
Full text linkA simple and reliable duplex polymerase chain reaction (duplex-PCR) technique is proposed to identify and differentiate cattle and water buffalo DNA using primers that were tested on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) extracted from meat muscle samples. Different levels of autolysis were experimentally produced by putrefaction and heating the samples at various temperatures and conditions to simulate the various meat processing technology. The optimized PCR amplified 113 bp and 152bp fragment of cyt b gene from mtDNA. This test was successful in detecting up to 1 pg adulteration in cattle-buffalo meat mixture. The test is a valuable tool for meat authentication and screening of cooked, putrefied and mixed samples of cattle and buffalo
Evaluation of Subacute Toxicity Induced by Methoxychlor: The protective Effect of Ascorbic acid
Full text linkThe present study was designed to detect the effects of sublethal concentration of Methoxychlor (MXC) on hematological constituents, thrombocytic indices, liver and kidney damage biomarker and erythrocytic oxidative status. As well as the possible protective effect of ascorbic acid (vit-C) were tested in rats at subacute period under laboratory conditions. MXC was administered orally at a dose of 200mg/kg, twice weekly, to male rats, for one month. Co – administration of ascorbic acid at a dose of 1g\L drinking water was achieved. MXC caused a significant reduction in hematological constituents and thrombocytic indices. MXC induced a significant increase in the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyle transferase (γ-GT), uric acid and creatinine, whereas decrease in total protein and albumin levels. With regards, to the results of oxidative status revealed that decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activities while increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) components malondialdehyde (MDA). MXC plus vit-C treated group was significantly differed in most previous parameters than the MXC -treated group. These data, along with the determined changes suggest that MXC produce substantial systemic organ toxicity in rats during the period of a 30-days subacute exposure. The co- treatment with vit- C could ameliorate these toxic changes