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LIBCONNECT: A Toolbox for Inclusive Public Library Services
No full textPoster presented at BOBCATSSS 2026. LIBCONNECT Toolbox supports public libraries in co-creating inclusive services with immigrant and refugee communities through flexible, participatory approaches. Grounded in co-creation, co-design, co-production, and co-evaluation, LIBCONNECT strengthens libraries’ capacity to work under conditions of diversity, uncertainty, and change.<br/
Use of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients:A European survey
No full textBACKGROUND: Infectious complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in burn patients. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) is a prophylactic antimicrobial strategy aimed at suppressing potential pathogenic microorganisms in the gut microbiome. This study aimed to assess the values and preferences for the use of SDD in burn centres across Europe and to evaluate clinicians' interest in further research on its efficacy.METHODS: We circulated a survey on the values and preferences for the use of SDD between March and October 2024, targeting surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and intensivists at European burn centres. The survey comprised 13 questions focusing on SDD usage criteria, regimens, and willingness to participate in a multicentre randomised clinical trial. Data were analysed and presented descriptively.RESULTS: We invited 45 burn centres to participate; 22 responded (49 % response rate). Among these, 27 % (6/22) reported routine use of SDD, primarily for patients with extensive burns or those requiring intensive care. Most centres using SDD (5/6) administered a combination of enteral and intravenous antibiotics and/or antifungals, while one centre (1/6) relied on enteral antimicrobials alone. The most common regimen included intravenous cefotaxime combined with enteral polymyxin E, tobramycin, and amphotericin B or nystatin. Notably, 82 % (18/22) of respondents expressed interest in participating in a multicentre randomised clinical trial on SDD in burn patients.CONCLUSION: A minority of European burn centres routinely used SDD, while the majority did not. Among those that used SDD, treatment regimens were largely aligned with practices commonly used in ICU patients. Notably, there was significant interest among European burn centres in participating in future clinical trials comparing SDD versus no SDD in burn patients.</p
Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses
No full textObesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.05-1.33, p = .005]. This finding was consistent with Mendelian randomization analyses, which demonstrated a similar increased risk of DLBCL with higher genetically determined BMI (ORper SD = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.23, p = .03). No significant associations were observed with other NHL subtypes. Our study demonstrates a positive link between a genetically determined BMI and an increased risk of DLBCL, providing additional support for increased adiposity as a risk factor for DLBCL.</p
Opening Krylov Space to Access All-Time Dynamics via Dynamical Symmetries
No full textSolving short-and long-time dynamics of closed quantum many-body systems is one of the main challenges of both atomic and condensed matter physics. For locally interacting closed systems, the dynamics of local observables can always be expanded into (pseudolocal) eigenmodes of the Liouvillian, so-called dynamical symmetries. They come in two classes: transient operators, which decay in time and perpetual operators, which either oscillate forever or stay the same (conservation laws). These operators provide a full characterization of the dynamics of the system. Deriving these operators, apart from a very limited class of models, has not been possible. Here, we present a method to numerically and analytically derive some of these dynamical symmetries in infinite closed systems by introducing a naturally emergent open boundary condition on the Krylov chain. This boundary condition defines a partitioning of the Krylov space into system and environment degrees of freedom, where nonlocal operators make up an effective bath for the local operators. We demonstrate the practicality of the method on some numerical examples and derive analytical results in two idealized cases. Our approach lets us directly relate the operator growth hypothesis to thermalization and exponential decay of observables in chaotic systems and provides a powerful approach for computing notably challenging many-body dynamics
Prenatal exposure to heavy metals and the trajectory of autistic traits in childhood
No full textBackgroundThe association between prenatal heavy-metal exposure and autistic traits remains underexplored.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the association between prenatal heavy-metal exposure and autistic traits in offspring, and their trajectories during childhood.MethodsIn a prospective birth cohort of 540 mother–child pairs, we measured maternal blood levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, and manganese during the second trimester. Autistic traits were assessed at ages 4, 6, 8, and 10 years, and trajectories were identified using latent class growth modeling. Regression models examined associations between individual and mixture effects of prenatal heavy-metal exposure and autistic traits at each age, as well as their trajectories (low vs. high score classes).ResultsPrenatal lead exposure was significantly associated with autistic traits at 8 years (15.8 % increase per doubling; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 2.1–31.4). In girls, prenatal lead exposure was associated with autistic traits at 6 (46.4 % increase; 95 % CI, 19.0–80.1), 8 (57.9 % increase; 95 % CI, 26.0–98.0), and 10 (32.3 % increase; 95 % CI, 5.8–65.4) years. Prenatal lead exposure was associated with trajectory class only in girls, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.7 (95 % CI, 1.0–6.9) for belonging to the high-score class per doubling of exposure. Maternal heavy-metal mixtures were marginally associated with autistic trait trajectories.ConclusionThis is the first study to link prenatal heavy-metal exposure with autistic trait trajectories. Prenatal lead exposure showed consistent associations across multiple childhood stages in girls, highlighting the need to reduce prenatal exposure and to consider sex-specific developmental pathways in neurodevelopmental research.Background: The association between prenatal heavy-metal exposure and autistic traits remains underexplored. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between prenatal heavy-metal exposure and autistic traits in offspring, and their trajectories during childhood. Methods: In a prospective birth cohort of 540 mother–child pairs, we measured maternal blood levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, and manganese during the second trimester. Autistic traits were assessed at ages 4, 6, 8, and 10 years, and trajectories were identified using latent class growth modeling. Regression models examined associations between individual and mixture effects of prenatal heavy-metal exposure and autistic traits at each age, as well as their trajectories (low vs. high score classes). Results: Prenatal lead exposure was significantly associated with autistic traits at 8 years (15.8 % increase per doubling; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 2.1–31.4). In girls, prenatal lead exposure was associated with autistic traits at 6 (46.4 % increase; 95 % CI, 19.0–80.1), 8 (57.9 % increase; 95 % CI, 26.0–98.0), and 10 (32.3 % increase; 95 % CI, 5.8–65.4) years. Prenatal lead exposure was associated with trajectory class only in girls, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.7 (95 % CI, 1.0–6.9) for belonging to the high-score class per doubling of exposure. Maternal heavy-metal mixtures were marginally associated with autistic trait trajectories. Conclusion: This is the first study to link prenatal heavy-metal exposure with autistic trait trajectories. Prenatal lead exposure showed consistent associations across multiple childhood stages in girls, highlighting the need to reduce prenatal exposure and to consider sex-specific developmental pathways in neurodevelopmental research.</p
From sea level to the summit:Platelets as the environmental messengers of the neurotrophic pathway to brain plasticity
No full textPain and adverse effects after caesarean delivery:A nationwide prospective cohort study
No full textBACKGROUND: Caesarean delivery can cause severe postoperative pain that can adversely affect recovery. However, balancing effective pain management while minimising the risk of opioid-related adverse effects remains a clinical challenge.OBJECTIVE: In this nationwide study, we aimed to describe the incidence and severity of acute pain and adverse effects of opioid administration following the first hours and days after elective caesarean delivery.DESIGN: Prospective nationwide Danish multicentre cohort study.SETTING: All maternity hospitals in Denmark over a 6-month period during 2023-2024.PATIENTS: Patients having elective caesarean delivery.INTERVENTION: Patient-reported outcomes on pain [Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 0 to 10] and opioid-related adverse effects were collected using text message-based questionnaires via smartphone contact at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 h postcaesarean delivery, and on days 7 and 30.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The two primary outcomes were pain on mobilisation at 24 h, and adverse events of opioid administration (namely, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, pruritus and urinary retention) within 24 h.RESULTS: In total, 738 patients were included from 19 of 22 Danish maternity hospitals. Median [IQR] pain during mobilisation 24 h postcaesarean delivery was NRS 5 [3 to 6], peaking at 12 h postoperatively with NRS 6 [5 to 8]. Median oral morphine equivalents (OME) within the first 24 h were 30 [20 to 50] mg. Adverse effects peaked 6 h postoperatively, with pruritus being the most common. Within the first 24 h 59 [95% confidence interval (CI), 55 to 63]% reported severe pain (NRS ≥ 7) and 55 (95% CI, 51 to 59)% reported opioid-related adverse effects.CONCLUSIONS: In Denmark, severe pain after caesarean delivery affects more than half the patients within the first 24 h, peaking at 12 h. Additionally, most report moderate or severe opioid-related adverse effects. These results underscore the need to optimise pain management, particularly during the first 24 h when pain is highest. The results can inform both patients and healthcare providers about expected pain trajectories and serve as the foundation for future research, and guide interventions.TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT06012747.</p