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On the performance of radiocarbon and quartz OSL dating in macrotidal estuarine environments:Four case studies from Western France
No full textThe study of estuarine sedimentary archives provides valuable insights into their geomorphological evolution over the past two centuries, enhancing our understanding of estuarine responses to climate change. Establishing a reliable and precise geochronological framework is therefore essential for monitoring these changes. This study evaluates the performance of quartz Single-Aliquot Regenerative (SAR) OSL and AMS 14C dating in four estuaries along the western coast of France. The results are compared with cartographic data, serving as an independent age control. Of the 14 OSL dated samples, 10 yield depositional ages consistent with cartographic data, whereas the remaining 4 appear to overestimate ages by 20–100 years. In contrast, AMS 14C dating reveals numerous stratigraphic inversions, with at least 12 out of the 16 measured samples overestimating the depositional age in some cases by up to 5000 years, in total disagreement with cartographic data. The discrepancy between the OSL and radiocarbon ages reflects the constant reworking of allochthonous material, to which is added the further uncertainty associated with the local reservoir age. These factors fundamentally limit the reliability of 14C dating regardless of the material analyzed. By contrast, the OSL signal displays remarkable resilience, with any age overestimation linked to partial bleaching remaining minor (on the order of decades) compared with the errors affecting 14C ages. This underscores the capacity of OSL dating to resolve short-term environmental changes and positions it as the most reliable tool for constructing high-resolution chronologies of the last centuries in macrotidal estuarine settings.</p
Nye historier om køn og diversitet i landskabsfaget
No full textKvinder i ”mandsdragt” og mænd med kærlighed til blomster. Forskningsprojektet Kvinder i dansk arkitektur 1925-1975 har kigget tilbage i historien og fundet, at landskabsfagets fortælling om køn er langt mere divers, end hvad der normalt står i historiebøgerne. En historie der er vigtig at kende til, nu hvor branchen skal komme nutidens problemer med lav diversitet til livs.Kvinder i ”mandsdragt” og mænd med kærlighed til blomster. Forskningsprojektet Kvinder i dansk arkitektur 1925-1975 har kigget tilbage i historien og fundet, at landskabsfagets fortælling om køn er langt mere divers, end hvad der normalt står i historiebøgerne. En historie der er vigtig at kende til, nu hvor branchen skal komme nutidens problemer med lav diversitet til livs
Udsætning af store græssende dyr i naturnationalparker med særligt fokus på kvæg og heste
No full textEn analyse af fritekst-svar fra en national spørgeskemaundersøgelse om naturnationalparker viser, at udsætning af kvæg og heste i naturnationalparker kræver et massivt informationsarbejde. Både omkring dyrenes biologiske behov og dyrevelfærd og information til besøgende for at sikre hensigtsmæssig færdsel blandt dyrene.En analyse af fritekst-svar fra en national spørgeskemaundersøgelse om naturnationalparker viser, at udsætning af kvæg og heste i naturnationalparker kræver et massivt informationsarbejde. Både omkring dyrenes biologiske behov og dyrevelfærd og information til besøgende for at sikre hensigtsmæssig færdsel blandt dyrene
Processability and physicochemical properties of plant-based dispersions formulated with oat, pea, and potato concentrates intended for the production of yoghurt analogues
No full textThe demand for plant-based fermented products with similar nutritional, textural, and functional properties to dairy yoghurts is increasing. Generally, plant-based products are formulated using one single protein-based ingredient source. The combination of ingredients from different plant sources, such as oats, peas, and potatoes can overcome challenges related to nutritional value, physicochemical stability, and processability of plant-based foods. The study aims to determine the feasibility of combining pea and potato concentrates and oat flour for formulating plant-based dispersions to be used for fermentation regarding their processability and physicochemical properties. An experimental design was employed to create a variety of plant-based formulations (PBFs) at 3 % (w/w) protein. Oat-dominant PBFs had viscosity values ranging from 1141 to 871 mPa s, similar to high solid dairy counterparts (e.g., Greek-style yoghurts). In contrast, potato-dominant PBFs had significantly lower (P < 0.05) viscosity, similar to drinkable-like yoghurts or Kefir. The dominance of pea ingredients resulted in PBFs having intermediate viscosity, high net z-potential (−37 mV ± 4.04), and higher buffering capacity when compared to other PBFs. The insights of this study and the empirical predicting model developed pave the way to design PBFs having selected processability (e.g. viscosity after heat treatment) and properties of the product (e.g. particle size, colour, viscosity) for mimicking diverse dairy counterparts’ products (e.g., Greek style, Kefir, Skyr, etc.).</p
Beyond Dipolar Activity:Quadrupolar Stress Drives Collapse of Nematic Order on Frictional Substrates
No full textCharacterization of coherent errors in gate layers with robustness to Pauli noise
No full textCharacterization of quantum devices generates insights into their sources of disturbances. State-of-the-art characterization protocols often focus on incoherent noise and eliminate coherent errors when using Pauli or Clifford twirling techniques. This approach biases the structure of the effective noise and adds a circuit and sampling overhead. We motivate the extension of an incoherent local Pauli noise model to coherent errors and present a practical characterization protocol for an arbitrary gate layer. Notably, the coherent noise estimation is robust to Pauli noise. We demonstrate our protocol on a superconducting hardware platform and identify the leading coherent errors. To verify the characterized noise structure, we mitigate its coherent and incoherent components using a gate-level coherent noise mitigation scheme in conjunction with probabilistic error cancelation. The proposed characterization procedure opens up possibilities for device calibration, hardware development, and improvement of error mitigation and correction techniques.</p
MIRACLES, the backscattering spectrometer of the European Spallation Source:Meeting scientific requirements with design
No full textMIRACLES, the neutron time-of-flight backscattering instrument of the European Spallation Source (ESS), will be the spectrometer with the highest energy resolution at the start of the ESS user program. The long pulse provided by the ESS source allows tuning the energy resolution of the instrument, with the concomitant capability of probing a wide range of molecular and atomic timescales, unfolding new opportunities in neutron spectroscopy to disentangle complex dynamics faster in a single experiment and allowing the use of smaller and more diluted samples. This work will report on a detailed description of the design efforts to bring MIRACLES from the scientific requirements to the construction and commissioning phases. This includes the provision of high and tailored energy resolution, optimization of the signal-to-background ratio, and the ability for integration of new equipment and scientific capabilities that will make MIRACLES a paramount asset for the ESS neutron scientific instrument suite.</p
Long-term volume retention of breast augmentation with fat grafting depends on weight changes:a three-year prospective MRI study
No full textBackground: Fat grafting is increasingly used for breast augmentation. However, long-term volume retention, time to reach steady state, and the effect of postoperative weight changes on these outcomes are not fully understood. Methods: In this prospective study, we included patients undergoing breast augmentation with fat grafting and examined them with MRI preoperatively and up to three years postoperatively. We modeled fat graft retention over time and calculated the time to volumetric steady state of the fat graft. Secondly, we used our model to assess the effect of postoperative weight changes on fat graft retention and to determine the association between the graft/recipient volume ratio and the percentage breast augmentation at steady state. Finally, we assessed patient satisfaction using the BREAST-Q questionnaire. Results: The study included 28 patients (46 breasts). The time to steady state was 253 days (95%CI 185-283) postoperatively, with a volume retention of 46% (95%CI 35-58). Patients with a weight loss of one BMI point after surgery had a volume retention of 22% (95%CI 4.7-38) while those increasing one and two BMI points had retention rates of 57% (95%CI 45-69) and 85% (95%CI 72-98), respectively. Increasing graft/recipient volume ratio was associated with higher percentage augmentation with no plateau in this relationship even up to ratios of 2:1. Postoperative satisfaction with breasts and sexual well-being increased substantially. Conclusions: Breast augmentation with fat grafting reached volumetric steady state after 8 months with a volume retention of 46%. Weight loss following fat grafting leads to significantly lower volume retention.</p
Market dynamics and E-commerce satisfaction in China's aquatic food sector:Machine learning and data insights
No full textChina's growing demand for aquatic foods, driven by the rapid expansion of e-commerce, is reshaping global seafood markets and influencing the broader sustainable food system. This transformation is altering domestic market dynamics and creating new challenges and opportunities in international trade, sustainable supply chains, and market competitiveness. This study investigates production trends, import reliance, and consumer e-commerce satisfaction in the aquatic food market, with a focus on implications for sustainable supply chain policy and management. By employing supervised machine learning technique, Support Vector Machines (SVM), along with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression, the study uncovers critical insights into consumer preferences, including the factors driving e-commerce satisfaction, and supply chain dynamics, such as the impact of product freshness and delivery efficiency. The study highlights the growing reliance on imports in China's aquatic food market, despite expanding domestic production. Fresh and frozen products, particularly crustaceans and finfish, consistently receive higher consumer satisfaction on e-commerce platforms, primarily due to their quality and freshness. Domestic producers face increasing pressure to meet these high standards, particularly in freshness, quality control, and delivery efficiency. The findings point to challenges in meeting consumer expectations and suggest opportunities for policy interventions to enhance the competitiveness of domestic aquatic food products. The research highlights the transformative role of e-commerce platforms in shaping China's aquatic food market, providing actionable insights for policymakers, producers, and e-commerce stakeholders to navigate emerging trends, improve supply chain efficiency, and meet evolving consumer demands.</p