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Brand Architecture: Strategy for the Development of a City Brand
No full textThe objective of this research is to identify the importance of brand architecture during the process of creation and conception of the Bogotá city brand, leveraged on theoretical bases that allow having one’s own knowledge of the important concepts to take into account during the development of the brand, which allow us to understand the relationship of these concepts with the final research material that is the Bogotá brand. It is important to be able to identify which are the key moments and tools that must be taken into account when building a city brand and to be able to recognize if these were really applied during the conception of the Bogotá brand, understanding that they are key tools for achieving a product that seeks to have its own identity
Seroepidemiology of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora spp. in horses, donkeys, and mules from Colombia
No full textSarcocystis neurona and Neospora spp. are related protozoa that can cause equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). The present study aimed to determine the frequency of antibodies to these parasites in 649 equids (351 horses, 267 donkeys, and 31 mules) from six departments in the North and Northwest of Colombia. For this purpose, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used for detecting antibodies against S. neurona and Neospora spp. with a cut-off point of 1:20 and 1:50, respectively. A binomial logistic regression model was selected to predict variables associated with exposure. The frequency of anti-S. neurona antibodies was 14.24% (95% CI: 10.84-18.44) for horses, 2.99% (95% CI: 1.39-6.04) for donkeys, and 16.13% (95% CI: 6.09-34.47) for mules. The risk for S. neurona infection was significantly lower in donkeys (OR: 0.18 [0.08-0.38]; p\u3c0.001) than horses and mules, and higher in animals with a poor body condition (OR: 2.82 [1.45-6.05]; p\u3c0.05). Additionally, older animals (\u3e12y) had a higher risk of seropositivity (OR: 5.26 [1.88-19.1]; p\u3c0.05), as well as animals that inhabit climatic conditions associated with tropical very dry forest (OR: 1.85 [1.01-3.51]; p\u3c0.05). Córdoba and Antioquia departments presented the highest seropositivity to S. neurona with 13.01 and 8.3%, respectively. The frequency of anti-Neospora spp. antibodies was 1.42% (95% CI: 0.52-3.48) for horses, 1.12% (95% CI:0.29-3.52) for donkeys and 0% (95%, CI: 0-0) for mules. Atlántico was the state with the highest seropositivity to Neospora spp. (10%). No risks associated with Neospora spp. infection were found. These findings allow us to conclude that equids from these regions of Colombia are exposed to S. neurona, but antibodies to Neospora spp. are uncommon. Further studies are necessary to explore the presence of these two agents in other areas of the country. In addition, we need to prove the importance of the above-mentioned risk factors over the susceptibility of horses to these protozoal agents and the epidemiological impact of these underdiagnosed coccidia
Stories Sung of War: Forbidden Ballads as a Memory of the Conflict in Guaviare
No full textIn Colombia, forbidden ballads form a popular musical genre in which songs allude to themes related to the armed conflict, drug trafficking, and associated violence. During a fieldwork to the jungles of Guaviare, we listened an anonymous song that narrated the troubled life of a paramilitary who fought with a guerrilla for territorial control of the same place. This event motivated the study of the narrative potential of this ballad and was used to establish the existence of another composition dedicated to the guerrilla protagonist. Thus, a contrast between both ballads is presented based on the narratological analysis of the transcribed lyrics, which has been complemented and confronted with documentary sources and ethnographic research to unveil the sung and told story of the war between paramilitaries and guerrillas in the area in the late years of the 20th century and the early years of the 21st century. It concludes that the forbidden ballads constitute sources of the memory of the conflict. They enable the transmission and daily reproduction of war stories that recreate scenes of violence and present their protagonists as heroes or villains. That is, they represent an alternative memory for a differentiated and situated understanding of the Colombian armed conflict
Bigdata y analítica para establecer el estado actual de estudiantes con discapacidad y capacidades excepcionales a nivel educativo
No full textLa educación, es uno de los pilares fundamentales en la transformación e inclusión social, ya que permite aumentar las capacidades y habilidades de las personas, aportando al desarrollo y crecimiento de un país. Para hacer un seguimiento a la calidad y el tipo de educación que se está brindando a nivel nacional. Actualmente, el DANE y el Ministerio de Educación Nacional realizan estadísticas anuales de los estudiantes aprobados, reprobados, trasladados o en condición de retiro, clasificándolos por grado y género en cada uno de los niveles educativos. Algunas veces no se cuenta con herramientas que permitan localizar o caracterizar los tipos de estudiantes que cuentan con algún tipo de limitación en Colombia. Con el fin de realizar planes preventivos y mitigar está problemática. hemos desarrollado tablero de seguimiento que permite identificar y revisar características relevantes de las personas con Capacidades Excepcionales y Discapacidades, para realizar un análisis eficiente de los datos y las personas puedan generar estrategias que mejoren las falencias del sector educativo en Colombi
An improved high frequency white-box lossy transformer model for the calculation of power systems electromagnetic transients
No full textThe recent changes in power systems give rise to new scenarios in which power transformers must continue to perform satisfactorily. Resonant transient phenomena caused by the interaction of the power grid and the transformer have recently led to serious failures. It is therefore essential to carry out network transient studies in order to evaluate potentially dangerous events of this type. This requires high frequency transformer models having an adequate representation of the damping. In this work, a white-box transformer model is presented together with a new and robust procedure for determining its parameters that enforces the stability of the model. In this way, substantial improvements are proposed with respect to models currently available in the literature in the methodological aspects needed for successful practical implementation. The methodology for determining basic impedance data, obtained using the Finite Element Method is first described and then a new methodology for the subsequent processing of these data to obtain the parameters of a stable and robust model is presented, using Vector Fitting in combination with Particle Swarm Optimization. The model has been successfully validated using a large power transformer as a case study within the scope of the JWG CIGRE A2/C4.52
Identification of Leptospira spp. in the animal-environment interface (swine-water) in pig production cycle
No full textIntroduction: Leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira spp., is a zoonosis with multiple hosts and reservoirs. Thus, the “One Health” approach must be addressed in order to guide prevention and control measures regarding this microorganism. There are few studies involving all stages of the pig production cycle and potential sources of infection such as water sources, which could represent a risk for local rural communities. Objective: To identify Leptospira spp. in the animal-environment interface (swine-water) in the pig production cycle. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in a swine farm in Puerto López in the department of Meta, Colombia. Swine blood samples (n = 65) were collected for microscopic agglutination test (MAT), while urine and water samples (n = 80) were tested for Leptospira using bacterial isolation, serotyping of the isolates, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 58 (89.2%) porcine sera were positive for at least one Leptospira serogroup, with Grippotyphosa as the most frequent serogroup. Leptospira spp. were isolated in 25% (20/80) of the urine and water samples. Leptospira-positive cultures were 100% (20/20) identified within the genus Leptospira (rrl gene) and 50% (10/20) corresponded to pathogenic species (lipL32 gene) by PCR, and 45% (9/20) were positive to at least one antiserum. None of the direct urine and water samples was positive by PCR. Conclusion: It is suggested that the bacteria might be transmitted in the animal-environment interface in the pig production cycle
Molecular characterization of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the colombian rainforest
No full textA few studies have carried out the taxonomic and molecular characterization of sylvatic mosquito species in Latin America, where some species have been incriminated as vectors for arboviruses and parasites transmission. The present study reports the molecular characterization of mosquito species in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, a natural ecosystem in the Northern coast of Colombia. Manual capture methods were used to collect mosquitoes, and the specimens were identified via classical taxonomy. The COI marker was used for species confirmation, and phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method, with the Kimura-2-Parameters model. Aedes serratus, Psorophora ferox, Johnbelkinia ulopus, Sabethes chloropterus, Sabethes cyaneus, Wyeomyia aporonoma, Wyeomyia pseudopecten, Wyeomyia ulocoma and Wyeomyia luteoventralis were identified. We assessed the genetic variability of mosquitoes in this area and phylogenetic reconstructions allowed the identification at the species level. Classical and molecular taxonomy demonstrated to be useful and complementary when morphological characteristics are not well preserved, or the taxonomic group is not represented in public molecular databases
Auto-tuning pid based on extremum seeking algorithm for an industrial application
No full textThe PID controller implementation on the industry is an active area of study, however, according to the technique used is possible not having optimal and good performance due to the difficulties in the process identification and parameter tuning of the system since there is no full information of the industrial process. In last years PID auto-tuning methodologies have been developed which let synthesize efficient polynomial controllers because the parameters, generally, are optimal in some sense. In this paper is showed a PID auto-tuning through Extremum Seeking algorithm (ES) in a flow control plant implemented with blocks programming in a programmable logic controller (PLC), this block system acquires input signals obtained by the plant sensors, in this case, a flow sensor, consequently a control signal is sent to the variable frequency drive of the pump system, the objective control is to maintain the flow constantly through the system in the desired reference. In the following section the block diagram of the controlled system is presented, the auto-tuning ES algorithm, the simulation results, and the real-time implementation on the industrial process, finally, some conclusions and final implementation comment considering some future work is developed
