Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Analysis of Determinant Indonesian Tuna Fish Competitiveness in Japanese Market
Get PDFJapan is the main market of Indonesian tuna exports, either the world’s largest tuna market, even so the competition level is high. This condition has made it as the main point for Indonesia to be able to compete it’s tuna in the global market. The research used time series data of world’s tuna’s import and export in 1982-2012 from UN Comtrade and Indonesia Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. Data were analyzed to measure market share (MS), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Trade Specialist Ratio (TSR), while the determinant (factors) of competitiveness employed simultaneous equations. The results showed that: (1) The average market share of Indonesian tuna in the Japanese market was 25.20%, (2) Indonesia tuna have a high competitiveness and it growth to maturity, (3) Quality and trust is a decisive determinant (factor) of Indonesian tuna competitiveness in the Japanese market
Sustainability of Populations of Wild Rice Species in Natural in situ Conservation Sites of South and West Sulawesi
Get PDFExploration and identification of wild rice species (Oryza spp.) was carried out in South and West Sulawesi area of the Sulawesi Island in Indonesia. We collected several accessions of wild rice in these surveys and identified species of accessions through DNA analysis. Two accessions of wild rice were collected in Palopo (IS-03) and Malangke (IS-20) of South Sulawesi and one accession was collected in Mamuju of West Sulawesi (IS-23). Total DNA was isolated from leaves of each accession using a modified CTAB method. Then, DNA fragment containing intron 19 sequence of PolA1 gene was amplified by PCR using a pairs of primers, 19ex5P and 20ex3P. DNA sequence of the amplified PCR product was determined by direct sequencing method. The result showed that these three wild rice accessions collected in South and West Sulawesi were identified as Oryza officinalis. Sequence analysis also showed that there were two types of the intron 19 sequences in O. officinalis. Two accessions from Palopo and Mamuju had the intron 19 sequence (298 bp) that was identical to that of O. officinalis accession (W0614) from Prome in Burma. In contrast, the accession from Malangke had the sequence (283 bp) that was shared with W0002 accession from Bangkok in Thailand. The habitats of O. officinalis were swamp or a temporary flooded plain, for example at the edge of the ditch and the rivers that are flooded in the rainy season. Sustainability of populations of this wild rice species in natural in situ conservation sites is now dangerously threatened by suburbia town expansions during the last five years
Resiliency of Singkil Coastal Vegetation due to Natural Catastrophes
Get PDFAceh Singkil west coast of Northern Sumatra was affected by natural catastrophes both tsunami and coastal deformation. Apparently most of the inter-tidal vegetation communities suffered because of the inundation intensity and duration changed. Investigation was carried on the structure and composition of littoral and mangrove forests in Singkil coast for 52 and 49 months after the 2004 and 2005 natural catastrophes, respectively. In each vegetation type, data were collected from four sampling plots, each measuring 30 m x 30 m. The sampling plots were separated into 10 m x 10 m sub-plots for matured trees and 5 m x 5 m sub-plots for smaller trees or shrubs. All plants within the subplots were identified and counted. Pure stand of littoral forests were dominated by Casuariana equisetifolia in the mature stage and Cerbera manghas in regeneration stages as natural regeneration. In the mangrove area, most of the mangrove trees such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora, and Rhizophora apiculata dead. Sonneratia caseolaris was higher survival rate compared than mangrove trees. B. gymnorrhiza seedlings were growing well. Mangrove palm Nypa fruticans populations were recorded growing well and with a good resiliency and persistence. In fact some of coastal vegetations both in coastal dry lands and in wetland forests have a good capacity to naturally restore and grow after the environmental destruction. From ecological point of view, these plant species should be selected for rehabilitation program in the natural catastrophes both tsunami and coastal subsidence as the impact of large earthquake could be reduced
Germination Viability of Maize M1 Seeds (Zea mays L.) after Gamma Ray Irradiation
Get PDFA series of researches was carried out to obtain mutant of maize induced by gamma rays irradiation. This initial report was from a study confirming the best dosage of irradiation at 50% lethal dosage (LD50) conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar from March to June 2012. The research was set up using split plot design of the Randomized Complete Block design. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Results showed that: Gamma ray dosage affected maize seed viability. The higher gamma ray dosage used resulted inmore inhibiton of maize seed germination. The best LD50 irradiation to induce putative mutation (M1) in maize seeds tested ranged from 100-200 Gy. The genotype Lamuru maize irradiated at 100 Gy were superior and were more viable with a percentage germination of 87.22% and vigor index of 4.48
Effectiveness of Fungal and Bacterial Isolates from Rhizosphere of Passion Fruits againts Fusarium oxysporum f. sp passiflorae in Vitro
Get PDFFusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp passiflorae is the most important disease on passion fruit that causes yield losses ranging from 50 to100%. The disease is difficult to control because the pathogen systematically infected plants and can survive up to five years in the soil in the absence of its hosts. The objective of this paper was to select potential antagonistic microbes in suppressing the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp passiflorae (Fop) in vitro. Antagonists were isolated from the rhizosphere of purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis form edulis) and sweet passion fruit (Passiflora sp) from Gowa and Makassar. To obtain the best isolates, their ability to inhibit the growth of Fop and their production of cellulase, chitinase, pectinase as well as toxine compound were tested in vitro. The results showed that out of 22 fungal and bacterial isolates tested, four and three isolates respectively, gave an excellent growth inhibition to Fop. Highest percentage of growth inhibition was provided by fungal isolate U1 (86.11%) and bacterial isolate Mb2 (76.44%). The highest cellulase, chitinase and pectinase enzyme production were observed on fungal isolate U1, followed by isolates U7, M1, M2 and M4. Only two bacterial isolates Ub1 and Mb3 showed highest cellulase, chitinase and pectinase enzyme production. The presence of toxin was detected by using a thin layer chromatography on fungal isolates U1, M4 and Mb3. HCN compound from bacterial isolates were obtained from isolates Ub1 and Mb3
Hakikat Labelisasi Halal terhadap Perlindungan Konsumen di Indonesia
Get PDFLabelisasi halal tidak sekedar sarana pemenuhan kebutuhan lahiriah, tetapi sekaligus kebutuhan spiritual. Kehalalan dan keharaman makanan biasanya mudah diketahui bila dalam keadaan segar. Tetapi jika setelah mengalami proses pengolahan, maka akan sulit menentukan kehalalannya. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui aspek perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen untuk secara nyaman dapat melakukan transaksi terhadap produk makanan yang dikehendaki, untuk mengetahui Kewenangan MUI sebagai pihak yang berwenang dan memiliki otoritas mengeluarkan fatwa di Indonesia terkait kehalalan dan keharaman produk pangan; dan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah, LPKSM, dan masyarakat sebagai pihak yang berperan penting dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap produk atau barang yang beredar di pasaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih lemahnya perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen, tidak maksimalnya pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah, LPKSM, dan masyarakat. Selain itu hadirnya UU JPH No. 33 Tahun 2014 masih menuai polemik salah satunya terkait monopoli kewenangan oleh MUI
Urgensi Informed Consent terhadap Perlindungan Hak-hak Pasien
Get PDFHak untuk mendapat pelayanan kesehatan bagi setiap warga negara Indonesia merupakan hak yang dijamin konstitusi, sebagaimana tercantum dalam Pasal 28H ayat (1) UUD NRI 1945 yang mengamanatkan negara untuk menjamin hak warga negara hidup sejahtera yang antara lain melalui pemberian pelayanan kesehatan yang lebih baik. Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu lembaga yang memberikan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan kepada setiap warga negara melalui upaya-upaya yang memungkinkan menurut standar kesehatan yang memadai. Salah satu bentuk pelayanan kesehatan, adalah penyediaan tenaga dokter yang profesional dan bekerja sesuai etika profesi kedokteran. Salah satu bentuk profesionalitas dokter dalam kerangka perlindungan hakhak pasien adalah keberadaan informed consent sebagai hak pasien untuk mendapatkan informasi medis dari pihak rumah sakit sebelum mendapatkan tindakan-tindakan medis tertentu yang berdampak pada hilangnya nyawa pasien. Sehubungan dengan itulah, tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan secara filosofis dogmatik tentang urgensi informed consent sebagai jaminan perlindungan hak-hak pasien di rumah sakit. Tulisan ini, secara metodologis menggunakan analisis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, sehingga tentu saja, bahan-bahan hukum yang digunakan sebagai sumber analisis, lebih terkonsentrasi pada bahan-bahan hukum primer. Kesimpulannya, keberadaan informed consent memegang peranan sangat penting dalam kerangka memberikan perlindungan hak-hak pasien untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit, sesuai amanah konstitusi, apalagi mengingat fakta mala praktek kedokteran yang tampak pada beberapa kasus di rumah sakit di Indonesia, merupakan dampak dari pengabaian penerapan informed consent yang belum berjalan sesuai harapan
Implikasi Hukum Terhadap Praktik Pinjam Pakai Kawasan Hutan untuk Kegiatan Pertambangan Batubara
Get PDFPenelitian ini disampaikan untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan: Pertama, bagaimana kerangka hukum mengenai izin pinjam pakai kawasan hutan untuk kegiatan pertambangan batubara dan apa masalah-masalah hukum yang terdapat di dalamnya; Kedua, bagaimana implementasi peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai Izin Pinjam Pakai Kawasan Hutan untuk pertambangan batubara. Penelitian ini menggunakan penggunakan pendekatan socio-legal dengan menggunakan sejumlah narasumber dan area terpilih. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa praktik pinjam pakai kawasan hutan untuk kegiatan pertambangan batubara adalah tindakan menghilangkan hutan yang dilegalisasi oleh negara. Terdapat ketidakjelasan status hukum pertanggungjawaban peminjam yang tidak melakukan pengembalian kawasan hutan, kecuali hanya melakukan pembayaran kepada negara berupa Pendapatan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP) tanpa reklamasi. Praktik ini juga memunculkan ketidakjelasan makna hubungan hukum pinjam-meminjam. Implementasi Izin Pinjam Pakai Kawasan Hutan untuk kegiatan pertambangan batubara tidak memberikan fungsi perlindungan hutan di Kalimantan Timur
A Path Analysis of Sustaining Small Scale Fishing Industry in Indonesia
Get PDFThe over exploitation of the international fishing activities does affect the sustainability of the local small-scale fishing industry. The small scale fishing industry sectors especially economic, social, ecological, and governance in Indonesia has not been well managed. The objective of this paper is therefore to analyze the causal relationships between the four variables using a path analysis technique. The results of this analysis showed that the economic factor has the largest effect on the small-scale fisheries system. Future studies should emphasized more on the economic variable to sustain the local fishing industry in Indonesia
Seed Priming with PEG 8000 for Improving Drought Stress Tolerance of Soybean (Glycine max)
Get PDFThe experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of seed priming with osmoticum Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 in improving tolerance of soybean to drought stress. Green house factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. Treatments consisted of five levels of seed priming (dry seeds – untreated, PEG concentration: 0, 100, 200, 300 g L-1 water, respectively) and three levels of drought stress treatments (100 % field capacity, 75% field capacity and 50% field capacity). Results showed that seedling growing from primed seeds differed significantly with respect to plant height increment, shoot/root ratio, chlorophyll content and protein content. However, seed priming with PEG had no effect on relative growth rate (RGR), number of stomata, 100 grains weight and grain yield. Among the various concentration of PEG used, priming with 300 g PEG L-1 water significantly increased chlorophyll content and protein content. Drought stress treatment applied significantly affected plant height, shoot-root ratio, chlorophyll and protein content. Seed priming and drought stress treatments proved to be significant with respect to shoot-root ratio, 100 grains weight, protein and chlorophyll content. Seeds treated with 300 g PEG L-1 water demonstrated to be superior to the non-primed and all other primed seeds when water stress increased (50% field capacity). The results indicate that seed priming with PEG can improve plant growth in soybean by conferring more resistant seedlings to drought stress