Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Stream Sediment Geochemical Study for gold target in Malua River Prospect, Enrekang, South Sulawesi
Get PDFIn order to get a better insight into gold occurrence in the western flank of Latimojong Mountain, a field work study campaign focusing on stream sediment sampling activity was completed along Malua River or locally called as Salu (River) Malua in Curio and Malua Area, Enrekang, South Sulawesi. Stream sediment study is aimed to investigate the possible sources of anomalous element particularly gold concentration within the studied area. In addition, the project was to delineate ground within the study area that shows economic potential for gold mineralization. A total of 32 stream sediments samples were collected during the field work and 20 samples were sent to laboratory and analyzed for gold and other base metal elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, As, Sb, Mo). Au was analysed using Fire Assay (FA) method, whereas Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag method were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method and As, Sb and Mo were analysed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method. Based on sample distribution and the occurrence of gold, a threshold of 10 ppb Au is considered. Two samples collected from LP20 and LP32 returned gold value in threshold range (7 – 14 ppb). Other sample show lower value (less than 0.5 ppb). The result suggests a single population density attributed to the metasedimentary rocks in the Latimojong Formation (eastern to northeastern part of the concession). Two anomalous target zones namely Buntulimbong and Buntukaok and tentatively combined as Patongan anomaly in the northeastern part of the concession have been delineated for further work. Interpretation of the result suggests that mineralization appears to be associated with lithological boundary between Toraja Formation and Latimojong Formation. The result of the survey indicates that Curio-Malua concession has good exploration potential and significant potential for lode gold mineralization within a favorable geologic terrain
Experimental Study on Sawdust Reusing as Material of Light Weight Brick-wall to Reduce Building Mass Due to the Earthquake Risk, Case Study Papua
Get PDFPapua is a territory of Indonesia in which strong earthquake [2,3]. One of the solutions to reduce the seismic risk is reduce the building mass. Wall is the building parts contributed the greatest mass in a building. Papua region in general use brick-wall of local product (LLB) made of limestone-cement as wall material, sized of 27x19x9 cm and 8 to 9 kg of weight. Indonesian Building code of Load, 1983, required mass of a wall without holes is 200 kg/m2[4]. Local brick-wall predicted exceeded the code regulation, and will cause the building in a big of mass that the leads to the big seismic shear force. other side, Papua still has a large forest with the volume and quality of woods, produced any size of woods and byproducts that waste in the form of sawdust [1, 9]. The waste is simply dumped and pilled or sometimes burned. So far there has been no use of the sawdust. As environmental issues, it should be done the innovation for use of sawdust in a form of epoxy-sawdust brick (ESB) to be an extremely valuable economic and reduce the environmental issue [6]. Weight per unit area wall of the ESB-W is 102 kg /m2 or 51% respectively compare to the weight of wall required by Indonesian Building Code of Loading, 200 kg /m2 [4]. Other two specimen test, LB-W is 116 kg /m2 of weight or 58% and LLB-W is 220 kg/m2 or 110% respectively. LLB-W already exceeded the code but ESB-W is the lightest weight could reduce the building mass and impact to the horizontal seismic shear forces
CULTURAL VALUE ORIENTATION OF SANDO BATU INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY
Get PDFThe focus of this research was to explore the Sando Batu indigenous community who live in harmony with nature. This study aimed to describe the cultural values orientation of the community. The study used a phenomenological approach by combining three methods of data collection, namely interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The theoretical framework used was Kluckhon value orientation which was widely used. The study was carry out on hamlet of Wala-wala of Pitu Riase Subdistrict of Sidenreng Rappang district where this community settle. The informants in this study consisted of seven people who were determinedby snowball sampling technique. The first informant was selected purposively namely the former head of the village and then the rest of informants were selected by snowball technique. The data were analyzed by using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results showed that the cultural values orientation of indigenous communities Sando Batu believes that life is difficult but must still be fought, the work is for survival, oriented to the future, harmony with nature, and relationship with one another was horizontal relationship
Can Access to Social Facility Help Poverty Reduction in Agricultural Sector? Evidence from Indonesia
Get PDFPoverty in agricultural sector is still becomes a serious issue in developing country, and Indonesia is no exception. Our previous study was focusing on poverty and income (income poverty). This paper, however, deals with a substantive question, can access to social facility (non-income) help poverty reduction in agriculture? The study (also) utilized previous model of Dimensionality Test, Factor and Path Analysis to answer the question. The results show that the higher government transfer source income in terms of Social safety Net Program, the more money for smallholders will be. This leads us to argue that transfer income from the government to the smallholder community can be still considered in maintaining smallholders’ daily life, means helping them move out poverty. The better access to social services such as primary public health center (called PUSKESMAS), clean water supplied by PDAM (Local Government Division for Drinking Water Affairs) and secondary school is, the higher the household income will be. Thus, if PUSKESMAS, primary and secondary schools as well as clean water sources are nearer, the less time and money will be spent to travel, then the more household income at hand will be saved. In other words, distance and degree of utilization appear to be a crucial part of these interpretations above. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that the better the access to social services such as public health center, schools and public clean water, the more household income will be and in turn it will alleviate the poverty of smallholders. It is clear that providing better access to social facility can help poverty reduction in agricultural sector
Characterization of Snack Food Bars Made of Nixtamalized Corn Flour and Flour Of Nike Fish for Emergency Food
Get PDFUtilization of local food source such as nixtamalized corn flour and nike flour as base ingredients in producing snack bars may add the product value and also reduce production costs. The purpose of this study was to produce a prototype snack food bars weighing 50 grams for each bar, containing calories that meet the standards of Emergency Food Product (EFP) by 233 kcal/bar, and being favored by consumers. Snack food bars produced in this study used the formulation in the previous study, consisted of 26.77% nixtamalized corn flours, 6.69% nike flours, 9.37% corn starch, 20.08% chocolate, 13.01% margarine, 13.38% egg whites, and 13.38% sugar. Snack food bars were produced through six steps: weighing ingredients, mixing, molding, baking in the oven, cooling, and packaging. The baking process used three combinations of temperature and time, each with 3 replicates. Bars were baked at 1000C for 20 minutes, and then followed by temperature of 1400C (treatment A), 1500 C (treatment B), or 1600C (treatment C) for 40 minutes. Snack food bars produced by baking temperature combination were less preferred by the panelists based on the taste attributes due to the distinctive flavor of nike flours persisted in the bars. Baking temperature C (at 1000 C for 20 minutes, followed by 1600C for 40 minutes) got the highest score based on the texture attributes. The nutrient and calorie content of snack food bars produced did not show much difference with the formulation result. Snack food bars produced in this study contained 10.1751 g fat, 3.5694 g protein and 32.2681 g carbohydrate in every 50 g of snack bars. Based on the formulation result, snack food bars contained 9.8 g fat, 5.84 g protein, and 30.37 g carbohydrate per 50 g of snack bars. Snack food bars produced in this study contained 234.926 kcal per 50 g of snack bar while based on the formulation result, snack food bars contained 233 kcal per 50 g of snack bar. This implies that Snack food bars based local product has the potential to developed in the regional in security food in the face of emergency condition
Poverty Situation of Cocoa Smallholders and Its Determinant in West Sulawesi, Indonesia
Get PDFPoverty of cocoa smallhoders is still identifed as a serious issue in Indonesia. The general specific objectives of the research is to calculate the percentage of cocoa smallholders are living below the Provincial Poverty Line and identifying determinant affects poverty of smallholders. The research employed Head Count Index and Path Analysis. Results show that the percentage of cocoa farmers living below Poverty Line reached 65% in the province. Determinant factors affects poverty situation is education attainment of family member, access to price information, cocoa estate area, distance to school. It suggests that in order to reduce poverty of cocoa farmers need to improve children and education attainment, making school is more closer to the farmers community and develop cocoa estate area and connecting price information to the farmers
Prediction of Storage Life of Shallot Powder by using Acceleration Method
Get PDFScarcity of shallot supply often occurs in Indonesia. Production into powder is one of the solutions to overcome the problem. In the form of powder there is an advantage of having a longer shelf life and ease of use.  Storability study is very important especially for new food products from result of research and development activities. The purpose of this study is to predict the shelf life of shallot powder soaked with the two anti-browning ingredients (citric acid 1% and sodium bisulphite 500 ppm) by using an acceleration method. Shallot powder samples packed in alufo bags and stored at temperatures of 20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC. The shelf life prediction using acceleration method through semi-empirical approach to the Arrhenius equation with the critical parameters of the color values (oHoe). The results of multivariete analyses showed that the use if color parameter as determinated parameter is appropriate. The results showed that the shallot powder with sodium bisulfite soaking has a longer shelf life by 9.3 months, compared to soaking with citric acid having 7 months at room temperature
Sustainable Land Management and Added Value Enhancement of Agricultural Superior Commodities
Get PDFCocoa and candlenuts are prime plantation crops of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, especially Sigi Regency. They have comparative advantages, among others, due to the availability of land that has not been utilized optimally and is in the area with a support climate and the availability of labor. In addition, it also has a competitive advantage in the form of product price competitiveness in local, national and international markets. The management of land must be adapted to the sustainable and sustainable energy sector in sovereignty. This study aims to recommend and analyze the optimization of land management models that implement conservation techniques by cocoa agroforestry with candlenuts. The study employed Linier Programming Method. The results show that optimizing of farmers income by agroforestry pattern of cocoa is higher than the monoculture of cocoa. Recommended innovation of planting patterns models is expected to further optimize the efficiency of sustainable land management by farmers around the forest. Sustainable land management strategies by cultivating cacao and candlenut crops through agroforestry patterns can also increase the added value Income at the farm level by IDR. 2,625/kg or 65.6% is due to more acceptance and lack of production and marketing costs as well as output quantities, output prices
Rule of Law and Human Rights Challenges in South East Asia: A Case Study of Legal Pluralism in Indonesia
Get PDFIt has been over 72 years since Indonesia proclaimed her independence on 17 August 1945. However, the 350 years of the Dutch colonization is still impacting the lives of the Indonesian people. The difficulties faced by the Indonesian legal system as the government tries to accommodate adat (custom) and religion principles within the national law and the extent to which this legal mechanism affects the everyday life of the Indonesian people. In a nation where customs and religion are so preeminent, setting up an all-inclusive document meant to be the foundation of the state’s legal system at the dawn of independence was no easy task. This paper discusses the practice of legal pluralism in Indonesia and its struggle to implement rule of law and human rights principles after a half-century of authoritarian regimes. The study involves socio-legal research drawing on empirical data. Survey research was conducted between September 2014 and February 2015 at Utrecht University, the Netherlands, as well as in 5 cities in Indonesia (Aceh, Bali, Batam, Medan, and Padang) to collect data. The research reveals that legal pluralism is not helping to strengthen the Indonesian legal system, and that the foreignness of the Western law along with the neglect of the Indonesian customary and Islamic laws, totalitarianism and military involvement in politics, corruption within the state apparatus and unsynchronized laws weaken the legal system in Indonesia and hinder its effort to implement rule of law and human rights principles