Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Characteristics and Management of the Gray Water Sanitation Fishermen Settlements in Pantai Bahari Village
Get PDFRural coastal communities have very simple housing conditions. Another view that is often encountered is the poor condition of the environment and pollution with a very minimal infrastructure system. Sanitation facilities and infrastructure in a fishermen's settlement environment are not or less available, if there are then the conditions are inadequate or not feasible. One of the sanitation networks that exist in settlements and has a worrying condition is household waste water sanitation. Without proper management, liquid waste can cause various infectious diseases. but in some poor communities in developing countries, especially in rural areas, people try to dispose of liquid waste as cheaply as possible, in the absence of a sanitation system some people depend on natural processes. Inadequate liquid waste disposal systems are rarely considered a problem by the community. The aim to be achieved is to find out the characteristics of the household waste sanitation system in the form of gray water that exists in fisherman settlements and the appropriate form of handling in accordance with community conditions and environmental conditions. The method used is qualitative observational which is naturalistic
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF GEMMEINSCHAFT-TYPE OF RURAL COMMUNITIES IN DEPOPULATION ASSOCIATED WITH AGING IN NORTHERN KYOTO AREAS, JAPAN
Get PDFLike other mountainous areas in Japan, the northern areas of Kyoto Prefecture have been experiencing serious depopulation with aging. The demographic phenomena have directly impacted the sustainability of rural communities. The impacts of depopulation with aging are exhaustive and on almost all aspects of rural life in the case of Gemmeinschaft-type of communities: irrigation management, co-work for agricultural road maintenance, co-work for common property such as pond and forestry, and other many functions related to daily life. Thus, the impacts of depopulation with aging are much more serious for the sustainability of community in the case of Gemmeinschaft-type of rural communities in Japan. The research used Survey Method on forty-five (45) rural communities in the areas which was done in 2011 to identify demographic factors of rural communities for their sustainability as a community. These rural communities were located in hilly and mountainous areas which generally have disadvantageous position for socioeconomic development and have small population with high percentage of elderly people who are older than 65 years old. The rural community, whose elderly people share higher than 50% of the total population, is called “a marginal village†indicating a difficulty of maintaining community activities. However, despite the similar circumstance, those communities demonstrated different dynamism of community activities
RURAL DECENTRALIZATION IN INDIA AT THE CROSS- ROADS: THE CONTEXT, CHALLENGES AND CONSEQUENCES
Get PDFThis article attempts to make a critical evaluation of the working of the institutional system of democratic decentralization in rural India against the backdrop of its historical development. It has been argued that although it is not difficult to trace the roots of decentralized government in ancient India it hardly resembles the modern model of decentralization conceived and developed by a host of the Western scholars. The colonial rulers introduced decentralized governance in India to promote colonial objectives and to help perpetuate the British rule. The post- colonial state took steps to initiate the process of rural decentralization in 1950s but it went out of steam soon. In 1990s there was a paradigm shift in India’s policy. And in 1992 the Constitution was amended to pave the road for democratic decentralization but currently it seems to be in the cross-roads. This paper seeks to capture the historical development of the journey of decentralization and identify the roadblocks and the takeaways from the experience of working of the institutions of rural decentralization in India
THE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF A COMMUNITY’S FOOD PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WITHIN A SMALL ISLAND ECOSYSTEM (A CASE STUDY AT KARAMPUANG ISLAND IN MAMUJU DISTRICT, WEST SULAWESI, INDONESIA)
Get PDFRestricted production facilities for fishermen and marginal land ownership have triggerred low living standard for communities on small islands. This negatively impacts on community members’ ability to fulfill household food needs. Therefore, long-term survival requires a pattern of adaptation by the social environment of the community. This study examines and analyzes the strategies of a single community’s food production and consumption within an island ecosystem. Case study research was chosen in order to provide in-depth exploration and description of the adaptation patterns of the community’s food production and consumption on Karampuang Island. The data were collected using in-depth interviews supplemented by focus group discussions and field observations in order to comprehensively explore the social and economic lives of community members. The results indicated that the adaptation strategies of the community’s food production in Karampuang Island included a double livelihood strategy.  Gendered division of labor was found to utilize the optimal potential of household workers: men were responsible to do fishing in the sea and work as wage laborers in Mamuju City while women were responsible for selling the fish to market in Mamuju City market, and worked as laundry women and shopkeepers. The food consumption adaptation strategy among people in Karampuang Island was accomplished by diversifying food between cassava and rice.Â
UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE, RISK AVOIDANCE AND PERCEIVED RISK: A CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE OF INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS
Get PDFRisk serves as an important aspect that can change the decision making of individuals, especially if it is related to investment decision making. The effects of risk on investment decision making have been extensively discussed in the literature but little of it assessed the dominance of various risk-related factors in investment decision making by individuals. In order to make up for this lack,  this research studies the impact of risk avoidance, uncertainty avoidance and perceived risk on the investment intentions of individual investors in Pakistan and relate it to Hofstede’s cultural dimension. The data was collected from individual investors and after screening, a sample of 548 was found useable for further analysis. Using SEM-PLS, it was found that risk avoidance and uncertainty avoidance significantly influence the investment intention of individual investors. On the other hand perceived risk does not influence the investment intentions of individual investors. In the evaluation of dominating factors, it was found that  risk avoidance is the most significant and the strongest factor that influences the individual investors’ investment intentions. This paper suggests that investment managers should work on strategies to change the risk avoidance behaviour of investors. Moreover, findings suggest that the cultural aspect is more important, and the level of risk avoidance should be kept in mind while offering stocks in the market. The Security Exchange Commission of Pakistan can prepare risk-adjusted products to enhance the level of intentions among the individual investors in Pakistan
KINERJA DAN PERANAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN DALAM PEREKONOMIAN DI KABUPATEN BANTAENG
No full textABSTRAKPembangunan ekonomi adalah suatu proses kenaikan pendapatan total dan pendapatan perkapita dengan memperhatikan adanya pertambahan penduduk dan disertai dengan perubahan fundamental dalam struktur ekonomi suatu negara. Sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Bantaeng merupakan salah satu sektor yang sangat potensial dalam memberikan sumbangan terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembangunan ekonomi di Kabupaten Bantaeng, baik dari segi pendapatan maupun penyerapan tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui kinerja sektor pertanian dalam perekonomian Kabupaten Bantaeng, 2) Mengetahui peran sektor pertanian dalam perekonomian di Kabupaten Bantaeng. Dalam penelitian ini, data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder PDRB Kabupaten Bantaeng Tahun 2013-2017 dan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan 2013-2017, serta data kependudukan 2014-2017 dengan menggunakan 1) Analisis Location Quotient, 2) Analisis Shift Share, 3) Analisis Tipologi Klassen, 4) Analisis Elastisitas, 5) Analisis Proyeksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Sektor pertanian merupakan sektor basis di Kabupaten Bantaeng dengan nilai LQ sebesar 1,5. Walaupun demikian sektor pertanian termasuk sektor yang ‘maju tapi tertekan’. Hasil analisis lainnya menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian memiliki keunggulan komparatif namun tidak memiliki keunggulan kompetitif serta pergeseran pertumbuhan ekonominya lebih lambat dibandingkan sektor lainnya. 2) Sektor pertanian mampu menyerap tenaga kerja sebesar 0,9% pada saat ekonomi daerah tumbuh 1%, sedangkan menurut proyeksi kesempatan kerja di sektor pertanian mengalami peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 4,64%.Kata Kunci: Sektor Basis; LQ; Shift Share; Tipologi Klassen.ABSTRACTEconomic development is a process of increasing total income and income per capita by taking into account the increase in population and accompanied by fundamental changes in the economic structure of a country. The agricultural sector in Bantaeng Regency is a very potential sector in contributing to economic growth and development in Bantaeng Regency, both in terms of income and employment. This study aims to: 1) Know the performance of the agricultural sector in the economy of Bantaeng Regency, 2) Know the role of the agricultural sector in the economy in Bantaeng Regency. In this study, the data used were secondary data from Bantaeng Regency GRDP 2013-2017 and South Sulawesi Province 2013-2017, as well as population data 2014-2017 using 1) Location Quotient Analysis, 2) Shift Share Analysis, 3) Klassen Typology Analysis , 4) Analysis of Elasticity, 5) Projection Analysis. The results of the study show that: 1) The agricultural sector is the base sector in Bantaeng Regency with an LQ value of 1.5. Nevertheless the agricultural sector is included in the sector which is 'advanced but depressed'. The results of other analyzes show that the agricultural sector has a comparative advantage but does not have a competitive advantage and the shift in economic growth is slower than other sectors. 2) The agricultural sector is able to absorb employment by 0,9% when the regional economy grows 1%, while according to the projections the employment opportunities in the agricultural sector have an average increase of 4.64%.  Keywords: Base Sector; Location Quotient; Shift Share; Typology Klassen
Traditional knowledge in weathering effects of climate variability on upland farming among Buhid Farmers in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines
Get PDFThis exploratory study highlights the tradidional knowledge employed by Buhid farmers in weathering effects of climate variability on upland farming. A total of 100 farmers from two Buhid settlements participated in the study. They are either young or middled-aged and with small or big households. Less than half of them are affiliated to community organizations. Majority have neither attended relevant trainings and seminars nor have been involved in community initiatives relating to climate variability adaptation. The farmers attribute poor soil, low yield, poor yield quality, water scarcity, depletion of natural resources, and crop pest and diseases as manifest effects of climate variability. They practice rituals, ecological farming, and food substitutes to counter negative effects of climate variability on upland farming. The Buhids’ organizational affiliation, trainings and seminars attended, and community involvement were found associated to the traditional knowledge employed in adapting to effects of climate variability on upland farming
Why Indonesia Should Keep Joining in Trade and Investment Agreements?
Get PDFThere have been some concerns over the existence of trade and investment agreements. They have been doubted because of the poverty and inequality issues in some regions across the globe. The rise of the spirit of national interest of their members has also exacerbated the situation. Hence, these two miserable facts may end up with a question whether Indonesia should keep joining trade and investment agreements. This article is aimed to examine if Indonesia should continue its participation in trade and investment agreements. Employing a normative legal research, this article put three parameters, analysing the continuity of Indonesia’s participation, namely the benefits of international trade and foreign direct investment, the rationale of trade and investment agreements, and how trade and investment agreements (that involve Indonesia) have positively affected Indonesia’s development. This article then claims that Indonesia should keep joining trade and investment agreements for realising its targets on economic growth and development
Constitutional Court, Judicial Independence, and Efforts to Achieve Qualified Justice
Get PDFJudicial Corruption is a disgrace to the world of justice and disaster for the justice seeker community. The judiciary is the third branch of state power after the executive and legislature. The judicial function is as a control and a counterweight to both branches of the power so as not to fall into arbitrary acts. In other words, the judiciary basically serves to implement the principle of checks and balances. However, if the justice functioning as a counterweight is actually involved in the vortex of judicial corruption that has plagued the judicial institutions, then what happens is the absence of justice because the judicial institution becomes unqualified and degrades its reputation in the public eye. This will lead to a vote of no confidence in the judiciary as a whole and the community has the potential to seek justice in other ways that may be done in illegal ways. Therefore, it is important to realize quality judiciary by organizing institutional aspects, the process of recruitment of constitutional justices, and producing decisions containing new legal breakthroughs, so that will be realized a qualified judicial institution
The Arrangement of Investment Policy for the Protection of Indigenous People’s Rights
Get PDFThe investment law policies have a positive influence on the interests and welfare of all Indonesian people. However, many legal problems arise due to overlapping regulations both at the central and regional government levels, and also in term of the implementation of decentralization. The results show that the arrangement of investment policy in West Papua against the recognition and respect for Papua indigenous people's rights are still limited to universal policies. Nationally, the policy has not clearly revealed how the form of recognition and respect for the rights of indigenous peoples and/or Papuan indigenous peoples rights related to the presence of investments in West Papua. On a regional scale, the provincial government policy in the form of regional regulations, only covers the scope of investment in West Papua, but does not fully explain how the form of recognition and respect for Papua indigenous peoples related to investment. Hence, related with the alignment of Papua indigenous people's rights in the field of ideal investment arrangements in West Papua was began with the concept of Bottom-up Development Planning, by involving indigenous peoples as a whole. This concept is based on the Optimum Suitable Yield (OSY) where the amount of natural resources that can be exploited must be based on calculations from various perspectives such as biology, economics, and even socio-political perspectives