Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Turning Waste into Nutrition: Harnessing Tannery Waste for Black Soldier Fly Larvae Cultivation as Sustainable Catfish Feed Alternatives
Full text linkThis study aimed to help reduce the lime fleshing solid waste problem by implementing utilization as feed for Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. The BSF larvae were analyzed as a sample to determine whether it is safe to be eaten by other living species, especially catfish. The raw material used is lime fleshing cowhide waste from a leather tannery. The process included fermentation of lime fleshing waste with a formulation of waste: bran: water (8:1:2) for three days, hatching BSF larvae eggs for six days, and feeding fermented waste to BSF larvae (1000:1) for nine days, then baby BSF larvae dried, and BSF larvae were applied to catfish in a ratio (BSF larvae weight = 9: 5) for 12 days. Then, they analyzed the protein, calcium, and sulfur contents on the sample BSF larvae and catfish. We used the fermentation of lime fleshing waste with bran and water variables, which are well water, catfish pond water, and rice washing water, for three days. Then, hatching BSF larvae eggs for six days, BSF larvae cultivation for nine days, and application of the BSF larvae on catfish for 12 days. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, then continued using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result of fermented lime fleshing waste was used on the BSF larvae, and the cultivation contents were analyzed for protein, calcium, and sulfur. The analysis result of the three variables has an average value of protein at around 6.06%, calcium at 0.041%, and sulfur at around 0.016%. The study concludes that BSF larvae, when combined with commercial feed and suitable formulation, could be an effective and efficient alternative feed for catfish while addressing the lime fleshing waste problem
Multilayered Democracy in Papua: A Comparison of "Noken" System and Electoral College System in the United States
Full text linkThe elucidation of understanding popular sovereignty through the implementation of democratic principles when applied to a pluralistic Indonesian society requires a comprehensive study. This study is a normative-legal research by using statute, case, and conceptual approaches. This paper provides information on the latest trend in research. The results show that the characteristics of the general election by Noken system are in line with the Electoral College system to presidential elections in the United States, especially in the Noken system as represented by the chieftain (election by the big man). The Noken system is the result of the relations of political culture and the strengthening of local democracy. Hence, the constitutionality of Noken system is a translation of the constitution that pays attention to the social diversity that lives in society. Not only in the context of general elections, but in every aspect of national and State life, as more attention is given to the constitution of social diversity in society (constitutional pluralism)
The Effect of Minimum Wage on Unemployment in North Kalimantan
Full text linkThe annual minimum wage changes cause shifts in the labor market equilibrium. In a competitive labor market, the demand and supply of minimum wages result in a new minimum wage each year. There is no clear evidence regarding the impact of the minimum wage on unemployment. The purpose of this study is to provide evidence on the impact of the minimum wage on unemployment in North Kalimantan. This evidence offers insights for policymakers in setting the minimum wage. This study was conducted using an ordinary least squares (OLS) approach. This study used aggregate data from five sample districts/cities in North Kalimantan province for the period 2017–2024. This study provides strong evidence that the minimum wage has a positive but insignificant effect on unemployment in North Kalimantan. This finding highlights the need for appropriate minimum wage determination, taking into account the efficiency wage theory, which encourages workers to accept better wages. The implication of this study is that annual minimum wage increases do not significantly reduce labor demand and increase unemployment in North Kalimantan
Tidal Analysis Using Least Square Method at Luwu Timur Waters
Full text linkThe tidal seas is the changing of sea water height caused by the attractive force happen between the earth and the space objects. The moon and the sun have the biggest influence on the tidal seas phenomenon. Analysis of tidal components can be done with several methods, namely least square method, admiralty and so forth. The least square method is a tidal harmonic analysis method used to analyze and to predict tides in this research. Daily observation data of 30 days in each hour was taken in August 7 until September 5, 2021. The analysis was carried out using tidal data in the waters around the port of Lampia. The water level data was obtained by observing for 30 days and has been analyzed using the least square method to get the tidal components. The tidal type in Luwu Timur waters is classified as mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal, where the Formzhal number is 0.71 (0.25 <F < 1.50). The tidal datums obtained are LLWS (0 cm), MSL (147 cm), HHWS (264 cm)
Determining Factors for the Success of Halal Certification in Sidrap Regency
No full textThis study aims to examine the influence of halal information, promotion, and brand image on consumer purchase intention toward halal products, with perceived value as a moderating variable. Employing a quantitative research design with a sample of 377 respondents in Indonesia, data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). The findings demonstrate that halal information, promotional efforts, and brand image significantly influence consumer purchase intentions. Furthermore, perceived value strengthens the relationships between these factors and consumer trust, ultimately impacting purchase decisions. The originality of this study lies in its comprehensive integration of key variables—halal information, promotion, brand image, and perceived value—into a unified model that enhances understanding of consumer behavior in the halal market. From a practical perspective, this study highlights the strategic importance for halal product marketers to deliver transparent halal information, adopt value-driven promotional strategies, and build a trustworthy brand image to appeal to increasingly discerning consumers. Socially, the study contributes to promoting ethical consumption aligned with Islamic values. While the results are promising, future research could expand the geographical scope or include comparative analysis across different demographic segments to generalize findings further
Drainage Channel Planning to Reduce Road Surface Runoff
Full text linkThe road in Tapinalu - Ulatu hamlet is a road located in Luhu village. This road section connects the hamlets of Huamual behind. There are several points that already have drainage channels, while most points do not have drainage channels. This becomes a problem, over time there is a puddle of water on the road during high rainfall, it will be a factor that affects the road structure. The efforts made are by planning drainage channels. The research method used is the data collection and analysis method. The types of data in this study are primary and secondary data, then analyzed using the Log Person III method based on hydrological analysis and hydraulic analysis and planning based on the amount of existing channel discharge. Based on the calculation results for a 10-year return period, the planned rainfall is 326.587 mm, with a population growth percentage of 0.04% per year so that the population of Ulatu Hamlet in 2029 is 1,629 people. From the analysis results, the amount of runoff discharge (Qr) entering the drainage channel of the Tapinalu – Ulatu Hamlet Road Section is 0.089 m3/second, and the drainage channel discharge (Qs) is 1.486 m3/second. From the results of the channel dimension planning, the upper width is 58 cm, the base width of the channel is 40 cm, and the height of the channel is 74 cm
Drainage Channel Evaluation and Budget Plan for Sumeith Pasinaro – Watui Road Section, West Seram Regency
Full text linkThe drainage channel on the sumeith pasinaro - watui road section which certainly affects activities in this area because of frequent landslides that cause inundation and runoff, so that the drainage channel cannot accommodate rainwater discharge. In the evaluation of the drainage channel of the sumeith pasinaro - watui road section, the aim is to find the runoff discharge, to be able to plan the dimensions of the channel and then analyze how much budget is needed in the evaluation of the drainage channel. The research method used is the method of collecting and analyzing data used is primary data and secondary data which is then analyzed using the Log Person III and Gumbel methods based on hydrological and hydrological analysis then evaluating the existing channel with the amount of discharge plan then estimating the cost budget plan with AHSP 2022. Based on the results of the calculation of runoff discharge on the Sumeith Pasinaro - Watui road section is 0.337 m³ / sec and for channel discharge is 0.066 m³ / sec so it is found that the drainage channel cannot accommodate runoff discharge. So that in the re-planning of drainage dimensions with a length of 250 m, a channel top width of 2 m, a channel bottom width of 1.5 m, and a channel height of 1.1 m with a channel discharge of 0.372 m³/det it is found that the new channel dimensions can accommodate runoff discharge. And the value of the Cost Budget Plan based on the new dimensions amounted to IDR. 492.594.000.0
When Green Tax Fails: How Tax Avoidance Undermines Sustainable Performance in Indonesia
Full text linkSet within Indonesia’s UU HPP carbon-pricing regime, this study tests whether green tax pressure, access to green finance, and green employee behaviour improve sustainable firm performance through corporate social responsibility (CSR), and whether tax avoidance weakens this pathway. Evidence comes from a cross-sectional survey of 230 finance, CSR, and HR managers in energy, banking, and transportation firms, analysed with prediction-oriented PLS-SEM (SmartPLS 4) using mediation and moderation. Green tax, green finance, and green employee behaviour each relate positively to CSR; CSR, in turn, associates with higher sustainability performance on economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Tax avoidance significantly reduces the strength of the green tax–CSR association (interaction β = −0.19), indicating that aggressive fiscal conduct can blunt the intended behavioural effects of carbon-pricing signals. Measurement and structural diagnostics meet contemporary thresholds and indicate meaningful explanatory and predictive power. Implications include aligning carbon-tax incentives with risk-based anti-avoidance oversight and tax-transparency disclosure, embedding auditable CSR metrics in green instruments, and institutionalising pro-environmental routines while integrating tax, finance, and sustainability governance. The cross-sectional, sector-bounded design motivates longitudinal, multi-source extensions as Indonesia’s carbon pricing matures
Effects of Cassava-Based Feed on Growth and Physical Performance of Broilers
Full text linkThe study was carried out to assess the effects of cassava-based feed on the growth and physical performance of broilers. Fifty-one (51) day-old broiler chicks were used for the experiment. The birds were divided into two experimental groups; the first group had 25 chicks, and the second group had 26 chicks and was allotted two dietary treatments. Treatment A contained 50% cassava, 50% leaf meal, 50% maize, and 50% fresh soya bean, while Treatment B contained 100% cassava root meal and 100% cassava leaf meal. At the end of the eight-week experiment, Treatment B (birds fed 100% cassava root meal and cassava leaf meal, referred to as CSV/FM—Cassava Stem/Root meal and Fish Meal) had comparably lower mortality of 3 birds than Treatment A, which recorded 17 mortality cases. Treatment B also has a comparably higher body weight and mean weight gain than birds in Treatment A. The birds fed in Treatment B were observably more agile and more active, with comparatively excellent eating rate. The choice of cassava as an alternative to feed components follows that cassava is relatively cheaper, most commonly available in Southern Nigeria, than other routinely used feed supplements such as maize. Thus, to reduce the cost and high demand for conventional feedstuffs, especially maize, as a significant source of energy in poultry nutrition, up to 100% cassava, combined with fish meal as a common ingredient, can be used to replace maize and fresh soya bean in broiler chickens’ diets. When properly processed, cassava root meal can replace maize (as an energy source), and cassava leaf meal can partially replace soybean meal (as a protein source) in livestock diets, particularly for broilers and fish. Thus, up to 100% cassava could replace maize in broiler chicken diets to reduce the feed cost
Conceptualization of Region-Specific Comprehensive Ocean Management Regime for Maritime Economic Exploration
Full text linkThe history of the global economy is closely tied to the control of international trade routes, with maritime dominance playing a central role—evident in the supremacy of the Phoenicians, Arabs, and later European colonial powers. In the post-Cold War unipolar era, the USA has leveraged globalization through its maritime military hegemony. The Indian Ocean, particularly the Bay of Bengal (BoB), represents a critical hub for global sea trade and economic connectivity, intersecting with the South China Sea. Ensuring regional peace and stability is essential for sustaining international maritime trade and blue economic growth. This research introduces a novel Comprehensive Ocean Management Regime (COMR) tailored to the BOB maritime-littoral region to address these challenges and advance sustainable blue economic objectives. By critically analysing global coastal and ocean governance practices—such as Maritime Protected Areas and Integrated Coastal Zone Management—the study identifies policy, management, and operational challenges and proposes actionable solutions. Recognizing the limitations of aggregated sectoral data and the scarcity of precise quantitative insights, the study adopts a qualitative approach and employs the Delphi method to gather expert consensus through iterative analysis. The COMR framework provides a unique, actionable model that can guide sustainable maritime policy and management in the BOB region, contributing to the broader discourse on sustainable ocean governance