Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Free Trade Agreement and Non-Tariff Measure on Indonesia’s Export Performance: Major Export Destination Countries
Full text linkThe study in this paper aims to estimate the effect of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) on trade volume in Indonesia. The methodology used to determine the effect of the FTA and NTMs is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) and Random Effect Model (REM) on a panel dataset from 2000 to 2020 in 10 main export destination countries for Indonesia, and it sets four models to explain these effects. Models 2 to 4, which use the fulfillment of SPS, TBT, and a combination of SPS and TBT as non-tariff barriers variables, are found to have a negative and significant effect on Indonesia’s export performance, with the result that SPS requirements by importing countries will be reduced by 5.7% (Model 2), TBT requirements by 6.02% (Model 3), and the combination of fulfilling SPS and TBT requirements by 8.4% (Model 4) on Indonesia’s export performance. In the REM model, RTA as a variable of FTA has a negative and significant impact on the value of Indonesia’s exports with 3.8% effects. RTA policies with several countries such as Japan, Singapore, and South Korea have not been effective in increasing Indonesia’s exports for several periods. Meanwhile, the trade between the USA and Indonesia without an FTA mechanism has actually increased the value of exports from 2003 to 2020. Furthermore, the implementation of meeting the requirements of non-tariff barriers could have a negative effect on Indonesia’s export performance, and trade relations occur with four countries with the largest and negative intercept effect, namely Japan, followed by Singapore, USA, and South Korea
Does Smoking Fool You? The Smoking Habits Influence on the Cognitive Abilities of Indonesians
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the influence of smoking habits on adolescents' cognitive abilities. The data used in this research is cross-section data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey batch 5 2014. The high rate of cigarette consumption for the age range 15 years and over in Indonesia has become a very serious concern. The smoking habit has many negative impacts on human brain development which in the long term will affect the quality of human resources in Indonesia. by exploring IFLS 2014 data, we found 6,908 teenage respondents who smoke. This figure is quite large, reaching 8% of all respondents. This research uses logistic regression analysis to see the impact of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The research results show that together smoking habits, education, history of hypertension, sleep quality and age have a significant effect on a person's cognitive abilities. Partially, smoking habits, history of hypertension, and age have a significant negative effect on a person's cognitive abilities. Meanwhile, education and sleep quality have a significant positive effect on a person's cognitive abilities. Gender partially has no effect on cognitive abilities
The Impact of Indonesia's Mining Industry Regulation on the Protection of Indigenous Peoples
Full text linkThe government has established various policies regarding mining in Indonesia. Still, an important question that needs to be asked is whether these policies have provided benefits, justice, and balance for indigenous and tribal peoples. This study aims to analyze the impact of Indonesian mining regulations on the protection of indigenous peoples. This is a normative legal research effort. The literature review gathers information from document analysis, which is analyzed qualitatively. Data analysis is descriptive-analytic in nature. The study results show that the impact of mining regulations still needs to reflect the recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. There is a need to improve mining management legislation and systems. Standardization of reclamation and post-mining management is required to provide implementation guidelines that meet the needs of the community. It has no negative impact on the community surrounding the mine. Licensing is one policy that can be used to implement standardization, which means keeping an eye on how the land is managed after mining, how waste is handled, and how policies are made to encourage mining and conservation activities that are good for the environment
Balanced Scorecard Analysis as An Alternative Management Performance Measuring Tool: Case Study
Full text linkThe aim of this research is to analyze the performance of the Vocational Education Quality Assurance Development Center in the field of Marine, Fishery, Information and Communication Technology using the Balance Scorecard Perspective approach which analyzes four perspectives; financial, customer (in this case educators and education staff), internal business processes, and learning and growth. The research method was carried out qualitatively. The sample in this research is the financial report of the Center for Vocational Education Quality Assurance Development in the Maritime, Fishery, Information and Communication Technology sector (BPPMPV KPTK)
The Influence of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion on Preventing Fraudulent Investments (Case of IAIN Palopo Students)
No full textThis research aims to analyze the partial influence of financial literacy on the prevention of fraudulent investments, the partial influence of financial inclusion on the prevention of fraudulent investments and to simultaneously analyze the influence of financial literacy and financial inclusion on the prevention of fraudulent investments. This research uses quantitative methods with questionnaires as data collection. The sample used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 100 people. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that partially financial literacy and financial inclusion have a positive effect on preventing fraudulent investments. Meanwhile, financial literacy and financial inclusion simultaneously influence the prevention of fraudulent investments
Determinants of Literacy Levels in Indonesia
Full text linkThe Indonesian government has made efforts to increase literacy rates in Indonesia by providing literacy education program services and developing the community's reading culture. This research aims to find out the influence of the number of schools, electrification level, GRDP and education on literacy in each province in Indonesia. The data in this research comes from the Central Statistics Agency for the period 2020-2022. This research uses panel data from 34 provinces in Indonesia. This research uses panel data combined with time series data from 2020-2022 and cross section data in 36 provinces in Indonesia. The dependent variable in this study is literacy, while the main independent variable here is the level of electrification. The results of this research show that the level of electrification and education has a positive and significant effect on literacy, while GRDP has a negative and significant effect on literacy
Climate Change Adaptation Among Cassava Farmers in Okigwe Agricultural Zone of Imo State, Nigeria
Full text linkClimate change, which exposes farmers to low productivity, crop failure and worsens food insecurity in developing nations has become a core challenge in Nigeria. These extremes have increased the vulnerability of several arable crop farmers due to inadequate mitigation strategies and restricted access to capital. This study analyzed climate change adaptation among cassava farmers in Okigwe agricultural zone of Imo State, Nigeria.  Perception of cassava farmers towards climate change, their adaptation strategies and challenges to climate change adaptation and determinant of farmers’ adaptation to climate change were the main objectives. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was used in selecting one hundred and twenty respondents for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed with percentages, mean and Chi square. Results showed that the mean age of the respondents was 47 years while 78.30% of them had formal education.  The main adaptation strategies included planting on mounds (20%), diversification to non-farm activities (15%) and planting of improved varieties (14%). Cassava farmers in the study area perceived climate change as increase in heat waves (x̅=2.26), rainfall (x̅=2.76) and drought (x̅=2.35). The major challenges to adaptation were unsatisfactory weather reports (89.5%), lack of funds (82.4%) and inadequate extension contact (81.2%). Extension contacts and access to credit were the most significant determinants of utilization of climate change adaptation strategies. The study concludes that respondents are aware of climate change with diverse adaptation strategies and recommends that government and agricultural development agencies should integrate the determinant of climate change adaptation and mitigation into policies and programs relating to climate change resilience.  It also recommends that the availability of climate change information in real time, mobilization of more extension workers and provision of funds to improve the capacity of cassava farmers for climate change resilience should be prioritize
A Simple and Efficient Protocol of RNA Extraction from Apple Leaves (Malus x domestica); A Silica Column-Based Method
Full text linkExtracting total RNA from plant tissue using the conventional isolation method is time-consuming, requires expensive reagents and produces low-quality RNA. Over time, researchers have used many commercial RNA extraction kits on silica column-based to obtain high-quality RNA so that the isolated RNA can further use for sequencing and quantitative PCR analysis. This study aimed to identify the efficient apple leaf extraction method with high concentration and good quality RNA extraction. In this study, we applied four isolation kits to extract RNA from apple leaves, such as NucleoSpin® RNA Plant Kit (Macherey-Nagel), Quick-RNA™ Miniprep Kit (Zymo Research), PureLink® RNA Mini Kit (Ambion), and RibospinTM Plant Kit (GeneAll). The results showed that apple leaves RNA isolation successfully using the RibospinTM Plant Kit (Geneall) reagent with a concentration of 59.9±12.3 ng/µl in good RNA integrity. So, these isolated RNA can be used for further analysis
Callus Induction of Porang Plants (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) with 2,4- D on Various Explant Sources In Vitro
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of a concentration of 2,4-D added to the Murhasige and Skoog (MS) basic media on porang callus induction and the effect on various explant sources. The study was conducted in the form of experiments in the Laboratory of Bioscience and Plant Reproduction Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University from August to December 2021. The experiments were based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) pattern arranged in a factorial way with two treatment factors. The first factor was the concentration of 2,4-D consisting of five levels of treatment: without 2,4-D (0.0 mg L-1), 0.5 mg L-1, 1.0 mg L-1, 1.5 mg L-1, and 2.0 mg L-1. The second factor was the source of explants consisting of three levels: the petiole, leaf midrib, and leaf blade. The results after five months showed that the interaction between the concentration of 2.0 mg L-1Â 2,4-D with the petiole explants had the best effect on callus induction time (12.25 days) and callus weight (2.97 g). The concentration of 2.0 mg L-1Â 2,4-D had the best influence on the callus induction percentage (83.33%), and petiole-derived explants had the best influence on the callus induction percentage (91.67%). Administration of 2,4-D at a concentration of 2.0 mg L-1Â and the petiole-derived explant gave the best results in this study; therefore, it is expected to be applied to the development of porang plant seeds in vitro
Disgorgement of Profits: An Alternative Solution to Stolen State Assets’ Recovery from Corporate Financial Crimes
Full text linkIn recent years, the Indonesian government has suffered a huge loss of state assets due to the misbehavior of corporations in financial management because the Indonesian legal system does not have a specific regulation to address corporate financial crime. When a corporate financial crime case arises, Indonesian law enforcement approaches this crime using the Anti-Corruption Act. However, the aim to retrieve the stolen government assets purloined by a corporation using the Anti-Corruption Act is still insufficient, therefore, other related regulations such as the Money Laundering Act have to apply as an additional instrument to realize optimal recovery from the misbehaving corporation. Because the long process involved in criminal and civil courts it is sometimes a waste of the law enforcement effort and the funds expended to get paid back from offenders and/or corporations because the money received is much lower than the money lost or even zero. To bridge the gap between the money lost initially and the repayment money, because of the lack of special legal regulation concerning corporate financial crime, this research intends to study the possibility of using a “disgorgement of profits” approach as a faster way to get the maximum repayment of stolen money/assets from instances of corporate financial crime in out-of-court settlements