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A Comparative Genomic Analysis of Epstein–Barr Virus Strains with a Focus on EBV2 Variability
No full textMost genomic studies on Epstein-Barr virus variability have focused on geographic and pathological association of EBV1 genomes. In contrast, the variability of EBV2 genomes has been less explored, mainly due to its restricted geographic circulation and the lesser number of sequenced EBV2 isolates. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed 28 EBV1, 10 EBV2 genomes from Argentina, which were combined with 239 downloaded complete genomes from other geographic regions, to produce an initial multi-sample.vcf file comprised of 278 EBV genomes. In this context, we identified 1,093/4,541 positions in the viral genome that contribute to variability between viral types, mainly located in the EBNA2, EBNA3 family of genes and the adjacent BZLF1, BZLF2 and BLLF1 genes. We further described that this variability exhibits distinct patterns across Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia. Compared to EBV1, EBV2 genomes showed fewer variable positions relative to its reference genome (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.0001). Principal component analysis revealed that EBV2 genomes from Southeast Asia segregate independently from those from South America (Wilcoxon test, Bonferroni correction; p = 1.1 x 10-7) and Africa (Wilcoxon test, Bonferroni correction; p = 2.6 x 10-9). Additionally, we identified those precise variable positions with geographic segregation strength: 1,135/3,666 in EBV1 and 380/3,276 in EBV2. Furthermore, the distribution of variable positions along the genome disclosed a close relation for EBV2 isolates from Africa and South America as compared to isolates from Southeast Asia. Although our analysis is limited to EBV2 genomes isolated from three geographic regions, it is to the best of our knowledge, the first study to comprehensively characterize the geographic variability of the complete EBV2 genome. These findings underscore the geographic and genetic diversity of EBV2 genomes and contribute to understanding EBV´s evolutionary dynamics and potential regional adaptations. This research enhances our understanding of EBV2 genomic variability, supporting future epidemiological studies and advancing the knowledge base for targeted treatments and vaccine development for EBV-associated diseases.Fil: Blazquez, Ana Catalina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Fellner, María Dolores. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Lorenzetti, Mario Alejandro. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Preciado, María Victoria. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas; Argentin
Targeting Cellular Senescence with Liposome-Encapsulated Fisetin: Evidence of Senomorphic Effect
No full textCellular senescence is closely connected with cancer progression, recurrence, and metastasis. Senotherapy aims to soothe the harmful effects of senescent cells either by inducing their apoptosis (senolytic) or by suppressing the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) (senomorphic). Fisetin, a well-studied senotherapeutic drug, was selected for this study to evaluate its efficiency when delivered in a liposomal formulation. The experiment evaluated the impact of liposome-encapsulated fisetin on senescent cells induced by doxorubicin (DOX) from two cell lines: WI-38 (normal lung fibroblasts) and A549 (lung carcinoma). Senescence was characterized by SA-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, proliferation, morphology, and secretion of pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). Due to fisetin’s hydrophobic nature, it was encapsulated in liposomes to enhance cellular delivery. Cellular uptake studies confirmed that the liposomes were effectively internalized by both senescent cell types. Treatment with fisetin-loaded liposomes revealed a lack of senolytic effects but showed senomorphic activity, as evidenced by a significant reduction in IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in senescent cells. The liposomal formulation enhanced fisetin’s therapeutic efficacy, showing comparable results even at the lowest tested concentration.Fil: Henschke, Agata. Adam Mickiewicz University; PoloniaFil: Grzeskowiak, Bartosz. Adam Mickiewicz University; PoloniaFil: Ivashchenko, Olena. Adam Mickiewicz University; PoloniaFil: Sánchez Cerviño, María Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Coy, Emerson. Adam Mickiewicz University; PoloniaFil: Moya, Sergio. No especifíca
Ecotoxicity of graphene oxides on human and murine cell lines, bacteria, and microalgae: Insights and perspectives for environmental applications
No full textThe toxicity and environmental applications of graphene oxide (GO) are largely unknown. The procedures involved in GO synthesis can impact biological responses and toxicity. In this study, the experimental methods involved in the synthesis of lyophilized sonicated graphene oxide (LSGO) followed by 1 h (1 h-LSGO) and 5 h sonication (5 h-LSGO), and the physicochemical characterization of both GOs is compared. A battery of toxicity tests performed with both GOs, using adenocarcinoma and fibroblast cells as representatives of the animal eukaryotic cell model, the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as representatives of the prokaryotic model, and the microalga Chlorella vulgaris as representative of microalgae eukaryotic model, in a wide range (0.1–100 mg L−1) was developed, to find out possible differences between both LSGOs cytotoxicity on different biological models. In addition, physicochemical analysis of C. vulgaris exposed to both LSGOs, by scanning electronic microscopy and spectrofluorimetric analysis were performed. There was no cytotoxic effect (viability < 70%) on human alveolar adenocarcinoma A549 cells, nor to murine fibroblast L929 cells exposed to 1 h-LSGO and 5 h-LSGO. Similarly, no antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus (0.1–100 mg L−1 of LSGO) was observed. Conversely, C. vulgaris responded with greater sensitivity than bacteria and animal cells, more relevant in 5 h-LSGO than in 1 h-LSGO, mainly in the higher GO concentration tested (100 mg L−1). These remarkable results could be attributed to the greater concentration of covalent bonds in 5 h-LSGO (~ 48% sp2, ~ 10% sp3) than in 1 h-LSGO (~ 8% sp2, ~ 39% sp3), and their interaction with the unsaturated fatty acids of the phospholipids of the microalgae´s membranes lipid bilayer. These relevant results report that 1 h-LSGO is nontoxic and can be used in biotechnological applications. On the other hand, GO and C. vulgaris are used as biofertilizers, so it is proposed to explore the potential biostimulant of the 1 h-LSGO-C. vulgaris consortium, among other environmental applications consistent with the sustainable agriculture approach.Fil: Gagneten, Ana María. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia; ArgentinaFil: Rondan, Wilfredo. Universidad Federal Do Abc; BrasilFil: Schmuck, Josefina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Reno, Ulises. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Regaldo, Luciana María. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Houre, Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; ArgentinaFil: Rodenak Kladniew, Boris Emilio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner"; ArgentinaFil: Rivera, Maria. Universidad Federal do Abc; BrasilFil: Vazquez, Jaime. Universidad Federal do Abc; BrasilFil: Sáez Acuña, José Javier. No especifíca;Fil: Champi, Ana. Universidad Federal Do Abc; Brasi
Low-cost biomimetic sensor based on copper porphyrin-modified graphite electrodes for electrochemical detection of glyphosate in aqueous samples
No full textWe present a biomimetic electrochemical sensor for glyphosate (GLY) detection, utilizing graphite electrodes modified with electropolymerized copper(II) meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (CuP). The Cu(II) centers provide dual functionality: catalytic oxygen reduction and selective GLY coordination, which leads to a proportional suppression of redox currents. Characterization (SEM-EDS/Raman/UV-Vis) confirmed CuP polymerization and specific GLY binding. The sensor achieved a 1 μmol L−1 detection limit (S/N = 3) with linear response (2–120 μmol L−1; RSD = 0.7%) and >98% recovery in spiked rainwater. Stability tests showed 99% signal retention after 30 days, outperforming enzyme-based sensors. This platform combines three key advantages: (1) sustainable fabrication ($0.12/electrode), (2) rapid analysis (<5 min per sample), and (3) field-deployability without instrumentation. The nanostructured CuP film improves sensitivity and contributes to selective GLY detection by excluding common interferents (nitrate/humic acid). Compared to chromatographic methods, this approach offers an eco-friendly alternative for environmental GLY monitoring.Fil: Janeiro Tudanca, Ana Maria. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. Instituto de Ciencias; ArgentinaFil: Caraballo, Rolando Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Herrera, Facundo Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia de Area de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares (cac). Departamento Administracion del Proyecto Laboratorio Haces de Neutrones Ra-10 (cac).; ArgentinaFil: Giudici, Paula. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones no Nucleares; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Hamer, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. Instituto de Ciencias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
An Extension of the Generalized Mean Transform of Hilbert Space Operators
No full textIn this paper, our objective is to present the generalized ν-mean transform of a Hilbert space operator T, denoted as T_ν(t) with ν, t ∈ [0, 1]. This transform serves as an extension of the generalized mean transform recently introduced by Benhida et al. [Banach J. Math. Anal. 14, 842–855 (2020)], and λ-mean transform studied by Zamani [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 493 (2021)]. Several characterizations involving this new transformation have been established. We have also studied the behaviour of weighted shifts and EP operators under this transform. Among other things, we show that T is an EP operator and R(T_ν(t)) is closed if and only ifT_ν(t) is an EP operator and R(T) = R(T_ν(t)). The relationship between the numerical radius and the operator norm of the generalized ν-mean transform of a Hilbert space operator T, in comparison to those of T itself, is also discussed.Fil: Altwaijry, Najla. King Saud University; Arabia SauditaFil: Conde, Cristian Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. Instituto de Ciencias. Área de Matemática;Fil: Feki, Kais. University Of Sfax; TúnezFil: Stankovic, Hranislav. University Of Ni; Serbi
Familiarization of Migrations in the Migratory Corridors of Latin America: A Theoretical and Methodological Approach
No full textLas migraciones contemporáneas experimentan importantes reconfiguraciones en cuanto a la composición poblacional, estrategias de asentamiento, espera y tránsito en los sistemas migratorios en y desde América Latina. Este artículo, en discusión con los estudios críticos que tratan esta materia, apuesta por una propuesta analítica sobre cómo se ha transitado de la llamada feminización de las migraciones hacia su familiarización. Las familias migrantes se abordan como sujeto político colectivo que interpela la agenda de investigación y acción de los distintos movimientos feministas y de los/as estudiosas de migraciones y refugio desde el enfoque académico. Metodológicamente, este ensayo se sostiene desde una mirada feminista multisituada, analógica y digital, que pone en el centro esta novedosa forma de migraciones y transmigraciones.Contemporary migrations are undergoing significant reconfigurations in terms of population composition, settlement strategies, waiting, and transit within migration systems in and from Latin America. This article, in opposition to critical studies that address this issue, presents an analytical proposal on how the transition from the so-called feminization of migration to its familiarization has taken place. Migrant families are approached as a collective political subject that challenges the research and action agendas of various feminist movements and migration and refugee scholars from an academic perspective. Methodologically, this essay is based on a multi-sited, analog, and digital feminist perspective that focuses on this novel form of migration and transmigration.Fil: Pedone, Claudia Graciela Lourdes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; ArgentinaFil: Varela Huerta, Amarela. Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México; Méxic
Restricción de fronteras durante la pandemia del COVID-19 en América Latina y el Caribe
No full textIntroducción: Este trabajo analiza las consecuencias de una de las primeras medidas implementadas para contener la propagación del COVID-19, consistente en el cierre de fronteras y la cancelación de vuelos internacionales en América Latina y el Caribe. Metodología: Se buscó información en fuentes gubernamentales, y se revisaron diversas publicaciones científicas y varias notas periodísticas. La información obtenida se organizó de acuerdo con las fechas de los primeros casos de COVID-19, las primeras restricciones de fronteras y vuelos, y la fecha de reapertura de vuelos. Luego, se contrastó con las situaciones que debieron sobrellevar los pasajeros varados en América Latina, donde se discute especialmente el papel de los gobiernos durante el abordaje de la pandemia. Resultados: Las medidas de restricción de fronteras y vuelos tuvieron consecuencias para innumerables pasajeros que se encontraban fuera de sus lugares de residencia habitual: socioeconómicas, familiares, laborales, de salud, de discriminación, etc. Muchos ciudadanos latinoamericanos quedaron varados o atrapados en diferentes países de América Latina, y varios de ellos debieron reestructurar forzadamente sus planes de viaje, pasando varios meses sin poder regresar a sus hogares. Conclusiones: Se considera que las medidas de restricción de fronteras y cancelación de vuelos internacionales retrasan la propagación de contagios, pero traen múltiples consecuencias no deseadas sobre las poblaciones.Introduction: This study analyzed the effect of travel restrictions, including closure of borders and the cancellation
of international flights in Latin America and the Caribbean, as one of the early measures implemented to control the spread of
COVID-19 virus. Methodology: Literature review examining governmental and scientific databases as well as news-press
publications. The material obtained was organized according to the dates of the first cases of COVID-19, notifications informing
closure of borders, flights suspension, and travel rebound. The data was crosschecked with the reports of the passengers
stranded in Latin American countries highlighting governments' roles in response to the pandemic. Results: Travel restrictions
and border control measures affected several passengers returning to their country of origin and/or legal residence. Passengers
experienced overwhelming challenges impacting their socioeconomic status, families, health, and employment. Discrimination
was also a topic addressed. Many citizens of Latin American countries stranded in various Latin American regions were forced
to restructure their travel plans and spend several months in places other than their homes. Conclusions: The early measures
had several unintended consequences in the lives of countless individuals, despite their effectiveness in decreasing the
transmission of the virus.Fil: Gallegos, Miguel. Universidad Continental; PerúFil: Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Psicología. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología. Centro de Investigación En Neurociencias de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Sotomayor, Pedro. Universidad de Atacama.; ChileFil: Torales, Julio. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Martino, Pablo Luis. Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Secretaría de Investigación. Centro de Altos Estudios En Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud Sede Rosario.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Abarca Cordero, Julio César. Universidad Nacional de San Agustin; PerúFil: Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás. Universidad Científica del Sur; Per
Indigenous Malolactic Starter Cultures as Innovative Tools to Modify the Sensory Profile of a Wine: An Oenological Challenge
No full textMalolactic fermentation conducted by lactic acid bacteria is essential for enhancing wine’s sensory qualities. Although this process can occur spontaneously through the action of native lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the grapes and cellar, it carries risks such as increased volatile acidity, consumption of residual sugars, and the formation of undesirable metabolites like biogenic amines. This study evaluated the oenological potential of three innovative native malolactic fermentation starters (MLFS) on a pilot scale, aiming to offer local wineries cost-effective MLFS with native LAB strains. Alcoholic fermentation of Malbec grapes was carried out using a commercial yeast starter, followed by a sequential inoculation of native malolactic starters formulated with (i) mesophilic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UNQLp11 and Oenococcus oeni UNQOe73.2, both from the Province of Río Negro; (ii) psychrotrophic Lentilactibacillus hilgardii UNQLh1.1 and Oenococcus oeni UNQOe19, both from the Province of Río Negro; (iii) mesophilic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UNQLp1001, from the Province of Buenos Aires; and (iv) a commercial malolactic started, which served as a control. Malic acid was consumed by all starters. RAPD-PCR using M13 primer showed the native LAB’s capability for implantation in wine. A sensory analysis revealed distinct profiles for each formulation, despite having been inoculated at the end of the same alcoholic fermentation. These MLFS could replace imports, enhancing the region’s unique terroir.Fil: Flores, Naiquen Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Rivas, Gabriel Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Guillade, Andrea Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Brizuela, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Navarro, Marina Edith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Tymczyszyn, Emma Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Delfederico, Lucrecia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Carolina Fabiana. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Semorile, Liliana Carmen. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Valdes la Hens, Danay. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Bravo Ferrada, Barbara Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; Argentin
Sliding mode control with continuous switching function and adaptive compensation of hysteresis and disturbances for a piezoelectric flexure-stage
No full textFlexible stages actuated by piezoelectrics offer high resolution for nanopositioning, but they exhibit nonlinear dynamics, such as hysteresis and creep, as well as disturbances that degrade control accuracy. In this work, an adaptive Sliding Mode Control is proposed to be implemented in nanopositioning stages. The nonmeasurable hysteresis is compensated by an estimator based on the Bouc-Wen model. The proposed control algorithm allows online adjustment of the controlgain of the robust term, taking into account the effects of bounded dynamic uncertainties and disturbances whose bounds are unknown. To avoid chattering during real-time applications, a continuous saturation-type function is used in the robust term, keeping the estimated variables bounded through the incorporation of a stabilizing term in the adaptive rules. The Lyapunov techniques guarantees global stability of the system. Experimental validation of the proposed control strategy was performed on a piezoelectric actuated nanopositioning stage, showing superior performance compared to conventional sliding mode controller.Fil: Masante, Alejandro Emmanuel. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; ArgentinaFil: Hecker, Rogelio Lorenzo. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; ArgentinaFil: Peña, Miguel. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Automática; Argentin
Mycobiota associated with “Grapevine Trunk Disease” in San Juan, Argentina
No full textIn recent decades, in San Juan, Argentina, grapevine trunk disease has become one of the most damaging phytosanitary problems affecting crops. In this country, this disease is commonly known as “Malvón leaf,” and has only been studied in vineyards in the province of Mendoza. In this comprehensive study, the mycobiota associated with grapevine crops destined for fresh grapes of the Superior seedless and Cardinal varieties was meticulously analyzed. Morphological studies and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of several fungal species, including Arambaria cognata, Acremonium sp., Alternaria alternata, Alternaria sp., Eutypella microtheca, Lasiodiplodia crassispora, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Phaeoacremonium parasiticum, and Phoma sp. Pathogenicity tests conducted on one-year-old plant trunks for E. microtheca, L. theobromae, and L. crassispora complied with Koch’s postulates. This is the first record of these three species in Argentine vineyards and highlights the urgent need to consider them as a significant threat to the region’s viticultural heritage and sustainability.Fil: Rosa Manzano, Melisa Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Rajchenberg, Mario. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Lucia. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dambolena, José Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Pappano, Delia Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Pildain, María Belén. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin