University of Windsor, Ontario: Open Journal Systems
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Foreign bribery: a brief report on Latin American countries
No full textFight against corruption is a major global issue, and that includes transborder corruption. To tackle that problem, several countries from Latin America are engaged in implementing mechanisms, statutory and institutional, based on International Conventions and its recommendations. This has led to the implementation of legal basis and development of expertise and ability to sanction corporations and individuals involved in transborder bribery. On the last three years a lot of developments towards more effective legal systems were implemented by countries. However, analyzing the countries that seem to be more engaged, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico and Peru, it is possible to identify several pending issues they are still facing on bringing liability for bribery
“The black dog that worries you at home”: The Black Dog Motif in Modern English Folklore and Literary Culture
No full textSheilagh Quaile is from Rockwood, Ontario. She is currently completing her Honours BA at the University of Guelph in History, with minors in Art History and Studio Art. Her undergraduate work has focused on British and Irish history and art during both the medieval and modern periods, and she plans to continue her studies in Art History at the graduate level
At War with the Machine: Canadian Workers\u27 Resistance to Taylorism in the Early 20th Century
No full textThis essay looks at the ways Frederick Winslow Taylor’s modern theories of scientific management (Taylorism) transformed Canadian workplaces in the early 20th century. In particular, it shows how Taylorism negatively impacted Canadian workers’ lives,and examines the various ways that workers consequently resisted Taylorist methods. The essay argues that although workers were unable to stop the widespread implementation of Taylorism in Canadian workplaces, their resistance to Taylorism still played an important role in unionist and radical political movements that gradually gained important concessions for Canadian workers during the first half of the 20th century. Additionally, the essay argues that resistance was significant as an outlet for workers to retain bodily autonomy in work environments that increasingly aimed to make workers more automated. Ultimately, the essay highlights important ways that the Canadian working classes have exercised agency via solidarity and perseverance
Muzzles and Mixed Messages: Issues Between Science and the Federal Government In Canada’s Past and Present
No full textRichter examines the historical relationship between the federal government of Canada and the scientists it has employed over the past few decades. She compares science policy and practices from leaders such as Diefenbaker and Trudeau to the policies currently followed by Stephen Harper’s government. Richter asks what might be achieved by following those policies, despite the criticism received by the science community. The paper will ultimately argue that the federal government and scientists have often had a contentious relationship, and the often criticized policies of the current Conservative government are not at all novel. Ultimately, she argues that these Conservative policies are intended to present a unified political front to the broader Canadian public and to the world
Comfort Women: The 1946-1948 Tokyo War Crimes Trials and Historical Blindness
No full textIn this essay Kathryn Witt critically explores the little-known Japanese “comfort women” system — a system that forced women and girls into sexual slavery during and preceding the second World War. The essay starts with an overview of Japan’s colonization and formation of the comfort women system. Subsequently, it compares the Japanese system to the Korean and Dutch comfort women systems, before turning to the Tokyo War Crimes Trials. Witt argues that the United States government, through their representatives, manipulated the aforementioned trials to gain an ally in the Far East. Ultimately, Witt argues that this manipulation facilitated the historical blindness that is associated with the Japanese comfort women system during the second World War
The North American Gamble: An Examination of Nation-State Projects in Canada and the United States: Book Review
No full text"We Are One Nation": The Legacy of the Coldwater-Narrows Reserve (1830-1836)
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A Marxist Approach to Bostonian Missionaries in Hawaii
No full textFor centuries, the United States has euphemized their imperial endeavours across the North American continent as they have continued to rely on providential rhetoric to justify their means of colonial expansion. This research critiques beliefs of American exceptionalism in an attempt to expose the hidden ills of America’s colonial efforts. It looks at the activities of Boston’s missionaries in Honolulu, Hawaii, in the nineteenth century and examines the way American identity and understandings of their own exceptionalism manifested on the ground via imperial pursuits. Sponsored by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), Boston’s missionaries entered Hawaii in 1819 with the intent to civilize what they perceived as an uncivilized nation. In colonial Hawaii, we will see the extensive blurring of lines between informal and formal empire, which this paper positions as a deliberate transition pivotal for the archipelago’s 1898 annexation. These actions will be observed through a Marxists-based approach to examine how the gradual subjugation of Hawaii’s Indigenous population occurred through religious and educational institutions. Religion and education will therefore be observed as tools used for grander imperial pursuits in colonial Hawaii. As this paper attempts to deconstruct beliefs associated with American exceptionalism, it will look at its origins—that is, Christian belief structures that informed ideas of America’s superiority—and its practical workings on behalf of Bostonian missionaries
Introducing \u27Brother-Love\u27: If \u27No-Homo\u27 Were Invented in the Victorian Era
No full textWorking off of information surrounding nineteenth century intimate male friendships provided by E. Anthony Rotundo’s 1989 article “Romantic Friendship: Male Intimacy and Middle-Class Youth in the Norther United States, 1800-1900,” as well as ideas of female intimacy of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Julian Carter’s 2005 article “On Mother-Love: History, Queer Theory, and Nonlesbian Identity,” the concept of “brother-love” encompasses important components of intimate male friendships during the Victorian period. Hidden physical and emotional intimacy were vital to these intimate friendships, in ways differing from Carter’s “mother-love” as explored in this project. Anna Clark’s concept of “Twilight Moments” (2005) will help explain “brotherlove” as it is compared to Carter’s “mother-love.” “Brother-love” is a response to contemporary terms and concepts queer scholars use when focusing on historical moments, and it provides an alternative frame of reference for intimate and romantic male friendships while extracting contemporary influence of same-sex relations
Solidarity and Suppression: The Power Struggle Between Labour and the State in Canada, 1914-24
No full textDuring and after the First World War, labour groups in Canada mobilized to ameliorate their position as members of the working class. In their struggle to secure better hours, improved working conditions, and the right to collective bargaining, union activists resorted to increasingly radical measures to achieve their goals. These actions, however, were soon met with swift opposition from the state. Through restrictions on unions, crackdowns on strikes, and surveillance of their activities, labour faced formidable opposition from the economic and security apparatus of the state in the immediate postwar years. Since then, the struggle between workers and the state has called into question the collective solidarity of the Canadian labour movement. To answer that question, this article comparatively evaluates the strength of the labour movement to the strength of the state in Canada from 1914 to 1924. In so doing, it demonstrates that while the state was successful in its efforts to suppress labour, the extremity of this reaction testifies to the power that labour ultimately commanded at this time