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SPECIAL BUILDINGS AT NEOLITHIC GIRMELER, NEAR TLOS IN SOUTH-WEST ANATOLIA
No full textSpecial buildings, or communal buildings, were ubiquitous in most Neolithic settlements in the Levant, Upper Mesopotamia, and Anatolia. Recently, remains of three special buildings with terrazzo floors dating to the early seventh millennium BC representing the Initial Neolithic period in west Anatolian chronology were unearthed in the basal layers of the mound located in front of the Girmeler cave in south-west Anatolia. The terrazzo floors in these three special buildings feature traces of red-painted linear and geometric decorations, while one also contains human burials. These special buildings may enhance our understanding of the symbolic and ritual behaviours of the Neolithic communities living on the south-west fringes of Anatolia. They may have been gathering places for ritual activities that helped create social memories and define group identities, as well as strengthen intra- and inter-societal relations among Neolithic groups. It is argued that the location of these special buildings adjacent to a natural hot spring before a cave with an impressive fa & ccedil;ade may have been one of the factors that eventually led Neolithic groups to form a gathering pattern here.Turkish Academy of Science [123 K387]The excavation of prehistoric Girmeler was conducted as part of the Tlos Excavation Project led by Taner Korkut from Akdeniz University under the auspices of the Department of Antiquities and Museums of Turkey. The radiocarbon dating of prehistoric Girmeler was funded by the Turkish Academy of Science (TUB & Idot;TAK project no: 123 K387)
A Scoping Review of Research Aiming to Enhance the Early Literacy Skills of Young Turkish Children Through Dialogic Reading
No full textThis scoping review offers a comprehensive overview of intervention studies focused on Dialogic Reading (DR) and its role in enhancing early literacy skills among young Turkish-speaking children. The analysis encompasses 25 studies aiming to elucidate the distinctive features of DR interventions in this population. The review reveals a scarcity of research on DR interventions for younger children with developmental delays, learning Turkish as a second language, and those from diverse socio-cultural backgrounds within the Turkish sample. Within the reviewed DR interventions, a notable focus is observed on receptive and expressive vocabulary development, with less emphasis on other early literacy skills such as spelling and letter knowledge. Despite variations in outcomes across studies, there is a general indication that DR holds promise as an effective intervention for enhancing early literacy skills in young Turkish children
The effects of systemic ozone application and hyperbaric oxygen therapy on avascular necrosis of the femoral head: An experimental study in the vascular deprivation of the rat femoral head model
No full textObjectives: This study aims to assess the effects of systemic medical ozone (O3) application and to compare its effects with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for preventing avascular necrosis of the femoral head in a rat model. Materials and methods: A total of 50 male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups including five rats in each control and sham-operated control group and 10 rats in the remaining four groups: (i) control group, (ii) sham-operated control group, (iii) avascular necrosis group, (iv) intraperitoneal ozone given avascular necrosis group, (v) HBO therapy given avascular necrosis group, and (vi) intraperitoneal ozone and HBO given avascular necrosis group. We surgically induced osteonecrosis by cutting the ligamentum teres and placing a tight ligature around the femoral neck. At Week 11, we harvested femoral heads bilaterally from each animal and performed a macroscopic, histological evaluation and histomorphometric, immunohistochemical analysis. Results: The intertrabecular mesenchymal cell ratio was substantially higher in the O3 group than that of all other groups in the histological evaluation (p<0.05). Group O3 had also significantly more CD31-positive stained new vasculature than other groups, with the exception of the HBO therapy group, according to the immunohistochemical analysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this experimental study suggest that the application of medical ozone alone may have a positive effect on new vessel formation and the repair process and may be more beneficial than HBO therapy and HBO+O3 therapy in the vascular deprivation of the rat femoral head model. © 2025 All right reserved by the Turkish Joint Diseases FoundationÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, ÇOMÜ, (THD-2020-3189)Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, ÇOM
Toxicity Evaluation of Sulfobetainized Branched Polyethyleneimine via Antibacterial and Biocompatibility Assays
No full textThis article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Branched polyethyleneimine (PEI), possessing different types of amines-e.g., primary, secondary, and tertiary-in the polymer chains are well known for their antibacterial properties and DNA condensing ability, affording substantial advantages in many biomedical uses, including gene therapy. However, because of PEI's toxicity, depending on the molecular weight, its widespread biomedical use is hindered. Therefore, in this study, PEIs with different molecular weights-i.e., 600, 1200, and 1800 g/mol-were modified with 1,3-propane sultone, undergoing a sulfobetainization reaction in a single step to attain a zwitterionic structure: sulfobetainized PEI (b-PEI). The sulfobetainization reaction was carried out twice to increase the zwitterionic repeating unit on PEI chains. The increasing number of SO3- groups on the PEI chains was confirmed by the increased peak intensities around 1160 and 1035 cm-1 on the FT-IR spectrum, which are assigned to symmetric and asymmetric S=O peaks. The elemental analysis results for first- and second- betainization PEIs, abbreviated as b1-PEI and b2-PEI, respectively, were revealedthe increased wt% of S confirming the successful multiple-sulfobetainization of the PEI chains. Thermal stability analyses of PEIs and their corresponding multiple-sulfobetainized forms showed that multiple-sulfobetainization reactions increased the thermal stability of bare PEI chains. PEIs with lower molecular weights exhibited more antimicrobial properties. As PEI is sulfobetainated, its antimicrobial properties can be further adjusted via sulfobetainization (once or twice), or by adjusting the corresponding solution pH, or by protonating them with different acids with different counter anions. The cell toxicity of PEI on L929 fibroblast cells was slightly increased by increasing the molecular weight of the PEI, but all forms of sulfobetainized PEIs were found to be safe (no toxicity), even at 1000 mu g/mL concentrations.Morsani College of Medicine; Morsani College of Medicine, Dpt OphthalmologyThe startup fund by Morsani College of Medicine, Dpt Ophthalmology, is greatly appreciated
Evaluation of urban resilience to climate change in Çanakkale
No full textKentlerin şiddeti ve frekansı giderek artan iklim değişikliği kaynaklı afetlere karşı dayanıklılık durumunun belirlenmesi kent planlama çalışmaları bakımından öne çıkan araştırma konularındandır. Son yirmi yılda hızlı bir kentleşme sürecine giren Çanakkale'de, iklim değişikliğine karşı kentin kırılganlık durumunu ortaya koymak ve dayanıklılık kapasitesini geliştirmek için sektörler arası önceliklendirme yapmak amacıyla hazırlanan bu tez çalışmasında, merkez ilçenin iklim değişikliği karşısındaki kentsel kırılganlık durumu, başlıca riskler ve dayanıklılık kapasitesi incelendi. Araştırmanın kapsamında Çanakkale Belediyesi altında hizmet veren Su ve Kanalizasyon işleri Müdürlüğü, Park ve Bahçeler Müdürlüğü, İmar ve Şehircilik Müdürlüğü, Ulaşım Hizmetleri Müdürlüğü ve Temizlik İşleri Müdürlüğü sektörleri ele alındı. Sektör temsilcileri ile yapılan görüşmelerde hassasiyet, adaptasyon ve risk başlıkları altında 14 soru sorularak ve ICLEI'nin (Sürdürülebilirlik için Yerel Yönetimler) 2007 tarihli İklim Değişikliğine Hazırlık kılavuzunda önerilen kırılganlık, risk, adaptasyon ve dayanıklılık matrisleri kullanılarak değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirildi. Bulgulara göre, Çanakkale'de su ve kanalizasyon işleri sektörü (su temini ve yağmursuyu kanalizasyon altyapısı planlama alanlarıyla) hem kırılganlık hem de risk açısından en kritik sektörler arasında yer almaktadır. Park ve bahçe sektörü ile imar ve şehircilik sektörleri orta risk düzeyi ve orta kırılgan olarak görülen sektörler arasında yer almaktadır. Temizlik sektörü ve ulaşım sektörü daha düşük kırılganlık ve risk seviyeleriyle dikkat çekmektedir. Sonuç olarak en savunmasız ve büyük risk altındaki sektörün su ve kanalizasyon işleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu durum Çanakkale için gelecekte su güvenliği bakımından rasyonel planlamalar ve önlemler alınması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Çanakkale Belediyesi'nin iklim değişikliğine uyum ve dayanıklılık düzeylerinin artıran kentsel politika ve planlamalar geliştirme noktasında, sektörel bazda çalışmalar yaparak bu çalışmada değerlendirilen kırılganlık, risk ve dayanıklılık düzeylerine ilişkin veri toplama, analiz, izleme ve iyileştirme süreçlerini detaylıca ele alması önemlidir.Determining the resilience of cities against climate change-induced disasters, which are becoming increasingly frequent and severe, is a prominent research topic in urban planning studies. This thesis, prepared to reveal the vulnerability of Çanakkale to climate change and to prioritize sectors for enhancing resilience capacity, focuses on the urban vulnerability, main risks, and resilience capacity of the central district of Çanakkale, which has undergone a rapid urbanization process over the last two decades. The scope of the research includes the sectors operating under the Çanakkale Municipality, specifically the Water and Sewerage Department, Parks and Gardens Department, Zoning and Urban Planning Department, Transportation Services Department, and Cleaning Services Department. During interviews with sector representatives, 14 questions were asked under the headings of sensitivity, adaptation, and risk. Evaluations were conducted using the vulnerability, risk, adaptation, and resilience matrices proposed in ICLEI's (Local Governments for Sustainability) 2007 Climate Change Adaptation Guide. According to the findings, the water and sewerage sector (focusing on water supply and stormwater sewer infrastructure planning) is among the most critical sectors in terms of both vulnerability and risk. The parks and gardens sector, along with the zoning and urban planning sector, is considered to have moderate levels of risk and vulnerability. The cleaning and transportation sectors stand out with lower levels of vulnerability and risk. In conclusion, the water and sewerage sector was identified as the most vulnerable and at the highest risk. This highlights the need for rational planning and precautionary measures regarding water security in Çanakkale's future. It is crucial for Çanakkale Municipality to develop urban policies and plans that enhance climate change adaptation and resilience levels. Sector-specific efforts should address the processes of data collection, analysis, monitoring, and improvement related to the vulnerability, risk, and resilience levels evaluated in this study in a detailed manner
LIFE SATISFACTION, CARE DEPENDENCY, AND SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT IN INDIVIDUALS WITH COPD
Full text linkAmaç: Bu çalışmada, KOAH’ı olan bi̇reylerde yaşam doyumu, bakım bağımlılığı ve öz bakım yöneti̇mi ile aralarındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırma 1 Ekim ile 31 Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite ve bir şehir hastanesinin göğüs hastalıkları polikliniğinde yürütüldü. Araştırmaya 121 katılımcı dahil edildi. Veriler “Hasta Tanılama Formu”, “Yaşam Doyum Ölçeği”, “Bakım Bağımlılığı Ölçeği” ve “Kronik Hastalıklarda Öz Bakım Yönetimi Ölçeği” ile toplandı. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaşam doyumu ölçeği, bakım bağımlılığı ölçeği, kronik hastalıklarda öz bakım yönetimi ölçeği puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 13.10±4.09, 73.26±13.91, 113.78±15.54’dü. Yaşam doyumu ölçeği ile öz bakım yönetimi ölçeği (r=0.22, p [EN] Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relation between life satisfaction, care dependency, and self-care management in individuals with COPD. Method: The research was conducted between 1 October and 31 December 2022 in the chest diseases outpatients’ department at a university and a city hospital. One hundred and twenty one participants were included in the study. A Patient Description Form, the Life Satisfaction Scale, the Care Dependency Scale and the Self-Care Management in Chronic Illness Scale were used to collect data. Results: The participants’ mean scores on the Life Satisfaction Scale, the Care Dependency Scale and the Self-Care Management in Chronic Illness Scale were 13.10±4.09, 73.26±13.91 and 113.78±15.54 respectively. A weak positive correlation was found between the mean scores of the Life Satisfaction Scale and the Self-Care Management Scale (r=0.22,
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED PROGRAM FOR ENSURING WORKPLACE SAFETY AND ANALYZING SLIP, TRIP, AND FALL RISKS IN WAREHOUSES
Full text linkYapay zekâ (AI), insan bilişi gerektiren görevleri yerine getirebilecek makineler geliştirmek için tasarlanmış olup, birçok alanda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yapay zekânın bir alt dalı olan uzman sistemler (ESs), uzman bilgisi kullanarak karmaşık sorunları çözmektedir. Bu çalışma, yaygın ve karmaşık mekanizmalara sahip kayma, tökezleme ve düşme (STF) kazalarını azaltmayı amaçlayan, AI destekli bir ES olan WaSaEx programının geliştirilmesine odaklanmaktadır. WaSaEx, iş güvenliği uzmanları tarafından çevrimdışı olarak kullanılmak üzere tasarlanmış olup, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği (OHS) için risk analizi, maliyet hesaplama ve eğitim planlama gibi işlevler sunmaktadır. Python ve CLIPS kullanılarak geliştirilen WaSaEx, OHS alanında kullanılan diğer programlardan ES tabanlı olmasıyla ayrılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, WaSaEx programını tanıtarak, depolama alanlarındaki STF risklerini raporlama açısından risk analizi ve önleyici tedbirler konusundaki yetkinliğini değerlendirmektedir. Program, kullanıcı yanıtlarına dayalı olarak riskleri değerlendirmek için L-tipi (5x5) matris yöntemi kullanmakta, her bir faktör için risk skorları ve uygun önleyici tedbirler sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, depolama alanlarında kazalara yol açabilecek risk faktörlerinin etkileşimi sistematik olarak analize dahil edilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, WaSaEx, hızlı ve doğru risk analizi yapılmasını hedefleyen, maliyet etkin ve bilgi tabanlı bir çözüm sunmaktadır. Bu yöntem, doğrulanmış önleyici tedbirler sağlamanın yanı sıra artık riskleri önemli ölçüde azaltarak depolama ortamlarında güvenliğin artırılmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Uzman bir çerçeveye sahip olan WaSaEx, iş yeri güvenliği standartlarının geliştirilmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadırArtificial intelligence (AI), designed to enable machines to perform tasks requiring human cognition, is widely used across many fields. Expert systems (ESs), a subset of AI, solve complex problems via expert knowledge. This study focuses on mitigating prevalent and complex slip, trip, and fall (STF) incidents by developing a program called WaSaEx, based on an AI-supported ES. WaSaEx, designed for offline use by occupational safety specialists, offers risk analysis, cost estimation, and training planning for occupational health and safety (OHS). Developed via Python and CLIPS, WaSaEx is ES-based, distinct from other OHS programs. This study introduces the WaSaEx program and evaluates its capability for risk analysis and preventive measures, specifically for reporting STF risks in storage areas. The program uses an L-type (5x5) matrix method to assess risks based on user responses, providing risk scores and preventive measures for each factor. It also systematically accounts for the interaction of risk factors that may lead to accidents. Consequently, WaSaEx offers a cost-effective, knowledge-based solution to enable swift and accurate risk analysis. This methodology delivers validated preventive measures and substantially reduces residual risks, thus fostering improved safety in storage environments. WaSaEx is pivotal in advancing workplace safety standards through its expert framework
A Key Palaeolithic Site Bridging Anatolia and the Aegean: Biber Deresi, Assos
No full textThis is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.Biber Deresi is an open-air site located on the Assos/Behram, Çanakkale coast, associated with river systems and raw material sources. The site’s particular importance is owed to the discovery of the most extensive Lower and Middle Palaeolithic assemblage yet identified on the Aegean coast of Türkiye. The lithic assemblage is characterized by a significant number of large cutting tools, including handaxes, cleavers, and trihedral picks, as well as pebble core tools, which are predominantly chopping tools. Flakes produced from both unprepared and prepared cores predominate. It is evident that, during the Pleistocene low sea level period, the region had a continuous connection with Lesvos and, via the eastern Aegean islands, with mainland Greece. Biber Deresi is identified as a key site, facilitating hominin movement and communication between Asia and Europe, and providing a novel contribution to the Palaeolithic map of the Aegean.Koc University; Suna Idot;nan Kimath;rac Research Center for Mediterranean Civilizations (AKMED) [KU AKMED2022/T.1104]This research was partially supported by Koç University and the Suna İnan Kıraç Research Center for Mediterranean Civilizations (AKMED) (project no. KU AKMED2022/T.1104), for which we express our sincere gratitude. We also extend our heartfel tthanks to the reviewers and editor for their valuable time, insightful feedback, and constructive suggestions, which have greatly contributed to improving this manuscript
LİPAZ KATALİZLİ ENZİM MODİFİYE KREMA ÜRETİMİ VE LEZZET KATKISI OLARAK KULLANIMI
Full text linkLipases are the main enzyme group used in the production of enzyme modified dairy products. The product resulting from the hydrolyzation and esterification of milk cream with lipase enzyme is called lipolyzed cream (enzyme modified cream-EMC). EMC is advantageous in many ways due to concentrated cream-butter flavor production, low cost, sustainable industrial applicability and product stability. Aroma formation occurs in traditional dairy products over a long period of time during ripening and storage. At this stage, which can last for months, food safety may not be fully insured as a result of the failure to control microbial activities originating from the natural flora of the food. Disruptions in production and storage capacity are subject to change. Thus, difficulties may arise in producing standard products. Unlike these disadvantages in traditional production, the desired concentrated aroma and taste can be obtained in a short time such as 1-7 days with enzymatic modifications applied under controlled conditions. Studies on EMC are quite limited in literature. This review covers the properties of the lipase enzyme, its areas of use in dairy technology, and studies on EMC produced to develop flavor in some foodsEnzim modifiye süt ürünleri üretiminde kullanılan başlıca enzim grubunu lipazlar oluşturmaktadır. Süt kremasının lipaz enzimi ile hidrolizasyonu ve esterifikasyonu sonucu oluşan ürüne lipolize krema (enzim modifiye krema- EMK) denilmektedir. EMK; konsantre krema-tereyağı aroma eldesi, düşük maliyet, sürdürülebilir endüstriyel uygulanabilirlik ve son ürün kararlılığı nedeniyle birçok yönden avantaj sağlamaktadır. Aroma oluşumu geleneksel süt ürünlerinde olgunlaştırma ve depolama sırasında uzun sürede gerçekleşmektedir. Aylarca sürebilen bu aşamada gıdanın doğal florasından kaynaklanan mikrobiyel faaliyetlerin kontrol altına alınamaması sonucu gıda güvenliği tam olarak sağlanamayabilmektedir. Üretim ve depolama kapasitesinde aksamalar olabilmektedir. Böylece standart ürün üretmekte zorluklar yaşanabilmektedir. Geleneksel üretimdeki bu dezavantajların aksine kontrollü koşullarda uygulanan enzimatik modifikasyonlar ile arzu edilen konsantre aroma ve lezzet 1-7 gün gibi kısa sürede, konsantre halde elde edilmektedir. Literatürde EMK ile ilgili çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu derleme lipaz enziminin özelliklerini, süt teknolojisinde kullanım alanlarını ve lezzet katkısı olarak üretilen EMK konusunda yapılan çalışmaları kapsamaktadır
The antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of bee products against certain bacteria
Full text linkAntibiotics are employed worldwide for both prevention and therapeutic purposes against infectious diseases on dairy farms. Recurrent infections frequently arise from biofilm-forming bacteria. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oak honey, honeycomb capping, and propolis against certain biofilm-associated and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The total phenolic content (TPC) values for propolis, honeycomb capping, and oak honey samples were 298, 128, and 72 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g, respectively. Oak honey showed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value (<0.08%) against the strong biofilm of non-blaCTX-M Serratia fonticola-1. Propolis had the lowest MIC value (<0.03%) against the weak biofilm of blaCTX-M positive Citrobacter braakii, and the moderate biofilm of non-blaCTX-M S. fonticola-2. The MIC values of all bee products showed a significant decrease upon interaction with 1% boric acid for all strains. Moreover, propolis has shown the ability to reduce 96% of the biofilm biomass of Citrobacter braaki after 24 h. The results show that bee products, used for medicinal purposes since ancient times, have emerged as a viable alternative against environmental pathogens