Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica Online (Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra)
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ANTIOXIDANT AND GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITION ACTIVITIES AND POLYPHENOL CONTENT OF FIVE SPECIES OF AGRIMONIA GENUS
No full textPhytochemical analysis and a comparative study of antioxidant activity, inhibition of a-glucosidase and content of total polyphenols and flavonoids were established in five species of Agrimonia genus. Plants were collected in Medicinal Herbs Centre of Masaryk university Brno and these were Agrimonia eupatoria L., Agrimonia procera Wallr., Agrimonia leucantha Kunze, Agrimonia japonica (Miq.) Koidz and Agrimonia coreana Nakai. HPLC profile of Agrimonia herbs shows high content of quercetin and apigenin glycosides. The content of total polyphenols correlates with antioxidant activity and the content of flavonoids correlates with inhibition of a-glucosidase. Agrimonia procera works as an excellent antioxidant, the most used in traditional medicine Agrimonia eupatoria is richer on flavonoid glycosides
UTILIZATION OF INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY AND LEAF REFLECTANCE INDICES IN EVALUATION OF EFFECTS THE TREATMENT OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) BY BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS
No full textThe effects of biologically active compounds (Route and Sunagreen) on physiological fitness of three sunflower hybrids (NK Kondi, NK Dolbi a NK Tristan) were carried out during the whole growing season in vegetation polyfactorial experiments. Evaluation of the sunflower physiological fitness was realized by non-destructive technique of measuring the temperature difference (∆T) with an infrared thermography and simultaneous measurement of the leaf reflectance indices NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and PRI (photochemical reflectance index). In this paper we discuss the ontogenetic changes in the parameters ∆T, NDVI and PRI with emphasis on changes in weather conditions. We also investigated the potential effects of foliar applied biologically active compounds on plants and sensitivity of sunflower hybrids to their application. The results confirmed the typical ontogenetic changes of individual assessment parameters that reflect the physiological processes of plant during the growing season. In this vegetation period which was characterized by high precipitation in summer, the most sensitive measure parameter was ΔT. All sunflower hybrids significantly (p <0.05) responded to the treatment by Route, particularly in the reproductive stage of ontogeny (treatment by Route the average ΔT was -4.5 to -5.2 oC and in untreated plants -2.3 to -3.8 oC). This result indicates on a greater cooling effect of transpiration and thus a higher stomatal conductivity induced by Route treatment. Sunflower plants treated by Sunagreen showed in ΔT statistically significant response only in hybrid NK Tristan at the last phase of ontogeny. Reflectance indices NDVI and PRI, which correlates with the photosynthetic efficiency of plants, proved as the less sensitive parameters describing the effects of biologically active substances on sunflower hybrids. Results showed that the PRI index increased during plant ontogeny with a subsequent decrease in the maturing of achenes but we not observed the statistically significant positive effects of biologically active substances on physiological fitness of sunflower hybrids
Growth variability of brown trout fry (Salmo trutta morpha fario Linnaeus, 1758) affected by differentiated diet during initial rearing
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of differentiated nutrition on the sac-fry growth intensity of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario). In this experiment two dry feed mixtures with different feeding program were used. Sac-fry rearing was realized in throughs with volume of 700 L during 113 days. During the rearing period was the feed mixture feed ad libitum. First tested group of fish (group A) was fed by mixture with different nutrient composition (crude proteins 56 % and 50 %, fat 12 % and 20 %) for individual rearing stages. Second tested group of fish (group B) was fed by mixtures with constant nutrient composition (crude proteins 57 %, fat 15 %) for all rearing period. It was found that the group A had better results for estimated growth parameters (Lt=48.37 ±2.41 mm; w=1.32 ±0.30 g; CF=0.84; SLGR=0.63 %.d-1; SWGR=2.12 -1) in comparison to group B (Lt=42.90 ±2.23 mm; w=1.20 ±0.32 g; CF=0.83; SLGR=0.52 %.d-1; SWGR=2.04 %.d-1). Attained results confirm that the application of mixture with different nutrient composition has a positive effect on the growth parameters on brown trout sac-fry rearing
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOIL TILLAGE AND FERTILIZATION METHODS ON THE DYNAMICS OF INORGANIC NITROGEN IN SOIL
Get PDFThe aim of the experiment was to study the effect of different soil cultivation and fertilization methods on changes of nitrate, ammonium and inorganic nitrogen content in soil (Haplic Luvisol) during the monitored vegetation periods (2008/2009–2010/2011). This experiment was established on experimental bases of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra – Dolná Malanta on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), varieties Verita and Bonita, with red clover as its before crop. The average concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were 4.41 mg.kg-1 and 3.97 mg.kg-1 respectively during the whole research period. Soil tillage system did not have significant influence on changes of inorganic nitrogen forms, however, fertilization had significant influence on changes of ammonium nitrogen. The highest values of nitrogen were recorded by disk tillage (B3 – 8.61 mg.kg-1) and in the treatment with fertilizations together with plowed crop residues (PZ- 8.72 mg.kg-1). The weather conditions during vegetation periods strongly influenced the changes of nitrate nitrogen in soil
EFFECT OF UTILIZATION DIFFERENT TYPE OF FAT IN BROILER (308) FEEDING ON THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
No full textIn this work we investigated the effect of three types of fat substances based on the use of saturated fat (SF) and unsaturated fat (USF) and also mixing between them with different level proportion in the diet of broiler (Ross-308) chickens. Live body weight (LBW) at the end of feeding, daily weight gain (DWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated. One-day 800 chickens were divided to four testing groups C, T1, T2, and T3 each group has 4 repletion’s. The fattening was 42 days in length and diets pre-starter (7 d), starter (9 d), grower (17 d) and finisher (5 d). For testing groups were enhanced with C group 5% packed fat and T1 2.5 % packed fat +2.5% rapeseed, T2 2.5% packed fat+2.5% sunflower oil, T3 2.5% packed fat +1.25 rapeseed +1.25% sunflower oil. There were insignificant differences (P>0.05) for LBW and DWG at all periods breeding and both sexes except finisher period for male was significant differences (P0.05) for FI. All tested groups consumed less feed than C group. There were significant differences (P<0.05) for FCR at all periods breeding and for both sex except finisher period for female was significant differences (P<0.05). The best value of FCR was achieved in group C in male chickens in last two feeding phase, while in female chickens the best obtained in group C also at 35 d compared to other groups. For production index (PI) there were significant differences (P<0.05) among all treatments both of sex
Fyzikálne vlastnosti ornej pôdy zmenenej na lesnú s porastom introdukovaných kryptomérií japonských
Get PDFThe aim of the work was to determine the differences in physical properties between land on which is already for 41 years grown introduced Japanese cedar (land was till year 1960 used as arable) and arable land which is intensively used for crop production. First soil pit was located under cedar growth in Arboretum and second on arable land near to Arboretum. Morphological characteristics and physical properties were detected in soil pits. Soil profiles differed in horizons thickness, homogenization, colour, rooting. Homogenization of ploughing layer of former arable land under cedars was not detectable therefore soil was classified as Stagni-Haplic Luvisol. Both profiles had exceeded the critical values of bulk density and porosity, thus they were compacted. The volume of non-capillary pores (PN) was lower in the whole profile of arable land. In the topsoil the average volume of PN was 6.2%, in the Btg and Btg/C horizons 1% and 2.5%. In layer 0.2-0.4 m PN were completely reduced. In the Au horizon under cedars the PN volume was 14.7% and in Btg horizon 5.8% despite the clayey-loam texture. Arable soil has a larger volume of available water capacity. Soil structure of ploughing layer was very unstable and contained 40.8% of microaggregates, in topsoil under cedars 30.6%. The results showed that the soil physical properties were no significantly improved after 41 years (consider soil texture) from when the soil under cedars stopped to be used as arable
Identification of DNA polymorphism at the 154 codon of the ovine PRPN gene by allelic discrimination using a dual fluorescent probe assay
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate prion gene polymorphism at codon 154 of common breeds of sheep in Slovakia to provide information about their susceptibility to scrapie. The material involved 82 sheep. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood by salting out method. Genetic analysis of the PrP gene was realised by an allelic discrimination technique using the TaqMan assays. In sheep population the predominace of homozygote genotype RR was detected. Heterozygote genotype RH was present in breed Lacaune (1 animal) and crossbreeds Improved Valachian x Lacaune (2 animals) and Improved Valachian x Lacaune x East Friesian Sheep Breed (1 animal). Homozygote genotype HH was not observed
ORGANIC MATTER AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN HAPLIC LUVISOL AS AFFECTED BY TILLAGE AND FERTILIZERS INTENSITY
No full textIn the Slovak Republic, from a point of view of sustainable management, the conservation and maintenance of favourable chemicalproperties of soils is very important. Lately, annual average soil loss of agricultural land of around 1,000 hectares was recorded, whichrepresents an approximate daily loss of 3 hectares. Permanent loss of soil must be dealt with and compensated by the improvement ofits chemical properties. The aim of this work was to compare the effects of different tillage systems and fertilization on soil organic matterand chemical properties of Haplic Luvisol. Our results showed that in minimal tillage system, there was higher carbon sequestration,however, in conventional tillage, the quality of humus was better. In the long term, application of only NPK fertilizers had negative effecton soil organic matter content because its decrease was determined, which negatively influenced all chemical properties in Haplic Luvisol.In conventional tillage, a higher amount of total organic carbon negatively affected soil reaction, hydrolytic acidity and base saturation.At the same time, positive effects between humus quality and soil pH, hydrolytic acidity and base saturation in conventional tillage weredetermined
Assessing the genetic diversity in the Slovak Sport Pony using genealogic information
No full textThe goal of the paper was to assess genetic diversity in the Slovak Sport Pony nucleus based on pedigree information. The analysed data consisted of 179 horses (63 stallions, 116 mares) in pedigree (RoP) and 45 (4 stallions, 41mares) in reference (RP) populations. The equivalent complete generations in RP was 4.97±0.56, average value of inbreeding was 3.33 %, relationship koefficient AR= 9.44 %, ΔFi=0.78 % and realised effective population size 23.27 ± 0,94. The evaluated population was derived from 57 founders. The effective number of founders was 35, effective numbers of ancestors 7. The 3 ancestors explained 50 % of genetic diversity and 16 ancestors contributed to the reference population. Branco, Shalom and Karneol-70 were the most important ancestors. Obtained results will be used in genetic management of Slovak Sport Pony population
KAPPA - CASEIN GENE POLYMORPHISM (CSN3) AND ITS EFFECT ON MILK PRODUCTION TRAITS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the polymorphism in the kappa - casein gene and milk production traits in crosses of Simmental and Holstein cattle breeds. A total of 80 hair roots samples were used to investigate how CSN3 gene polymorphisms affect milk production traits. The polymorphism of kappa - casein gene on bovine chromosome 6 was genotyped by using the polymerase chain restriction fragment length polymorphism. The effects of polymorphisms were analysed using SAS 9.1 software. Digestion of PCR products with restriction enzyme HindII revealed two alleles: allele A gave one fragments, 443 bp in length and allele B gave two fragments of 348 and 95 bp. The predominant allele was A with observed frequency 0.76. In population were detected all three genotypes AA, AB and BB. The most frequent genotype was AA with frequency 0.575. Results from the statistical association analysis between CSN3 genotypes and milk production parameters – milk, protein and fat yield (kg) in standard length of lactation were no significant.Key words: dairy cattle, kappa - casein gene, milk production, polymorphis