Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica Online (Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra)
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The search for SNPs and genes associated with the feed conversion ratio using entropy analysis.
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to detect the chromosomal regions connected with feed conversion ratio and point out the respective genes in meat-type chicken. Analysis covered 862 genotyped commercial line of broiler using 60K Illumina iSelect chicken array and obtained information about 57636 SNPs. Feed conversion ratio between 39-46 days were registered. Finally, 42770 SNPs were analysed. The information theory is employed to detect the association between SNPs and recorded traits. The following parameters were estimated: entropy coefficient, conditional entropy, portion of information and mutual information. Important regions at chromosomes 1 and Z were identified. They are mainly located within genes determining the nervous system and expressed also in gastrointestinal tract
Fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH) on the veterinary diagnostic field
Get PDFProceeding deals with of genomic changes detectable by FISH . The DSD syndrom in Yorkshire terrier 78,XY t (Y-;6p+) was observed by the use of X and Y FISH WCP probes. Following results indicated numerous genomic changes in cancers. Using comparative genomic hybridization numerous chromosomal rearrangements were detected, which indicated the heterogeneity in tumour growth. In Bernese Mountain Dog bitch,8 loses on chromosomes and gains on 18 different of chromosomes were detected. The last study was focused on chromosomal position and nucleotide sequencing of the LCA5L exons. Those were analysed in cattle of BTA1q44, sheep OAR1q43 and of CHI1q44 in the goats.Keywords: fluorescent in situ hybridization, FISH, veterinary diagnosticsReferencesALARM, M. R. et al. (2007) Male pseudohermafroditism in dogs: three case reports. Veterinarni Medicina 52 pp.74- 78.Hallermann, C. et al. (2004) Chromosomal Aberration Patterns Differ in Subtypes of Primary Cutaneous B Cell Lymphomas. J. Invest. Dermatol. 122 pp. 1495–1502. D’Haese, J. G. et al.(2005) Chromosomal aberrations in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphomas of Japanese patients, detected with comparative genomic hybridization and polymerase chain reaction analysis. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 162 pp. 107–114.Di MEO, G.P. et al. ( 2006) Mapping of 11 genes by FISH to BTA2, BBU2q, OAR2q and CHI2, and comparison with HSA2q. Anim. Genet. 2006; 37 pp. 299-300.NAFSTRöM K. et al.(2007). Effective treatment for the canine RPE65null mutation, a hereditary retinal dystrophy comparable to human Leber’s congenital amaurosis. In: Retinal degenerations: biology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. 1st edn. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, New Jersey, pp. 415-431.Schibler L. et al. (2009) Molecular cytogenetics and comparative mapping in goats (Capra hircus, 2n=60). Cytogenet. Genome Res.126 pp 77-85.Streubel, B. et al. (2003) T(14;18)(q32;q21) involving IGH andMALT1 is a frequent chromosomal aberration in MALT lymphoma. Blood 101 pp. 2335–2339
Genetic variability within the Polish population of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) – preliminary results
Get PDFRed fox (Vulpes vulpes) represents family Canidae and is a very common predator in Poland. Foxes are present throughout all the country in a different geographical regions and habitats. The analyzed dataset consisted of 130 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). There were 24 microsatellite sequences studied. The observed (HO) and expected (HS) heterozygosities were comparable within respective loci. The low genetic diversity of the population was found
Association of DGAT1 and Leptin with fertility traits in Holstein cows
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to investigate relationship between the K232A mutation in the DGAT1 gene and the C963T mutation in the Leptin gene with reproduction traits. The study was conducted on 286 pure breed Holstein cows. In DGAT1 we found a favorable effect of AA genotype on age at the first calving (p˂0.15) and on conception rate after first service in heifers (p˂0.15). In the Leptin a positive effect of CC genotype on interval from calving to 1. service was observed (p˂0.05). A tendency for positive effect of CC genotype on age at the first service (p˂0.16) was observed as well. In another examined fertility traits we found no association with DGAT1 and Leptin genotypes. Present study brings a new information about studied SNP and such results may be used to assist genetic selection in dairy cattle
Consumer motivations in the purchase of organic foods in Hungary
Get PDFThe market of organic products is quite small in Hungary. However, based on its development potential it has strategic importance (SZAKÁLY, 2004). Thus the aim was to find answers how to increase the trade of organic products. To get more details about the Hungarian organic food market we carried out a quantitative survey using a 1,000 member countrywide panel. Our results indicate that organic origin is considered somewhat important for every 4th respondent, while only 3.7% of the interviewees paid attention to put organic food products into their cart. The most serious obstacle is the doubt of surveyed individuals about the authenticity and the alleged benefits of organic products, complete with a high perceived price. “Price” is the most influential factor on shopping decision, but the advantageous “constant quality” and “health benefit” factors are just following it. In conclusion, there is potential demand for ecological food products in Hungary. Although the proportion of conscious consumers is small; it significantly exceeds the current market share of the products. Consumers should be approached with better prices, smart retailing solutions and through awareness raising.Keywords: organic food, consumer, retail, awareness, marketing strateg
Effect of FTO rs1121980 to Body Mass Index
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of selected polymorphism FTO rs1121980 on body mass index in humans. In the study participated 79 people from Slovakia with some genetic relatedness. We used column kit to isolate the genomic DNA from a buccal swab. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphism rs1121980 of FTO gene was performed by amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS). The most common genotype was found in heterozygous form (CT=0.4051). The FTO gene had increased frequency of T allele (0.50635). The least frequent genotype in FTO was CC (0.2911). According to the results we can assume that the genotype CC (FTO rs1121980) has a protective effect on the prevalence of obesity compared to the other genotypes. With adding of the anthropometric measurements, blood test and extension of the group, we could in the future increase the statistical relevance in relation to obesity.
Metabolic indicators in cattle breeding
Get PDFPotential associations among glucose tolerance test (GTT) as ability to metabolize glucose, estimated breeding values (EBVs) for milk traits and selected candidate gene polymorphisms were evaluated. German Holstein sires, born in 1993 and between years 1999 and 2003, were analysed. A few significant negative correlations between milk and protein yield and GTT were found in sires born in 1993. Only a few significant correlations were found for protein yield, protein percentage and for fat percentage and yield (sires born in different years). Any linkage of DGAT1, GH1, GHR, FASN and OLR1 to GTT was found.Keywords: milk, glucose, correlation, breeding valuesReferencesDeepa, P.M. et al. (2015) Alteration in clinico-biochemical profile and oxidative stress indices associated with hyperglycaemia with special reference to diabetes in cattle-a pilot study. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., Vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 103-109. DOI:10.1007/s11250-014-0691-5Di Stasio, L. et al. (2005) Polymorphism of the GHR gene in cattle and relationships with meat production and quality. Anim. Genet., Vol. 36, pp. 138–140.Grisart, B. et al. (2002) Positional candidate cloning of a QTL in dairy cattle: Identification of a missense mutation in the bovine DGAT1 gene with major effect on milk yield and composition. Genome Res., Vol. 12, pp. 222-231.Kneeskern, S. G. et al. (2016) Effects of chromium supplementation to feedlot steers on growth performance, insulin sensitivity, and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci., Vol. 94, no. 1, pp. 217-226. DOI: 10.2527/jas2015-9517 Khatib, H. et al. (2006) Association of the OLR1 Gene with Milk Composition in Holstein Dairy Cattle. J. Dairy Sci., Vol. 89, pp. 1753–1760.Morris, C. A. (2007) Fatty acid synthase effects on bovine adipose fat and milk fat. Mamm. Genome, Vol. 18, pp. 64–74.Panicke, L. et al. (2000) Relationships between parameters of the glucose tolerance test by young sires and estimated their breeding values. Arch. Tierz., Vol. 43, pp. 231-239
Organic wild species crops: A tool to recover traditional knowledge, and to enhance biodiversity, food security and sustainable rural development
Get PDFIn the context of intense ecological and socioeconomic changes on Mediterranean regions, we performed semi – structured interviews to recuperate the traditional knowledge of plants. We analyse the reported species (and those added from the literature) to evaluate their ecological appropriateness for cultivation, and their ecological and market value. We selected the 46 species (35 of them reported by the informants) that scored high for organic cultivation. These results indicate the high potential of wild species to develop new ecological and economical valuable crops, and the high value of traditional knowledge as an information source.Keywords: Agroecology, NUS (Neglected and Underutilized Species), ethnobotany, organic farming, Mediterranean landscap
Comparison of genomic breeding values of Holstein in Czech Republic
No full textGenomic evaluation by single-step procedure allows efficient implanting of genetic SNP markers into complicated procedure of random regression test-day-model of milk traits. Test-day records and pedigree files on nation-wide scale are combined with genomic relationship into common evaluation of both genotyped and ungenotyped animals. Due to strong import of foreign sperm into small national populations is the reliability of evaluation of young animals low. This is particularly seen in evaluation of young bulls, which frequently have both parents foreign. Genomic evaluation helps and notably improves reliability of evaluation. ssGBLUP procedure is advantageous especially for small populations. Domestic genomic evaluation of young animals has medium to high correlation with foreign Interbull values. Interbull conversion of values of bulls according MACE, which works with progeny tested bulls, is more reliable than conversion according GMACE procedure, which works with genomic evaluation of young animals. Keywords: genomic breeding value, ssGBLUP, test day model, MACE, GMACEReferencesBauer, J. et al. (2014) Approximation of the reliability of single-step genomic breeding values for dairy cattle in the Czech Republic. Anim. Sci. Papers and Reports, 32, pp. 301-306.Bauer, J., Přibyl, J. and Vostrý, L. (2015) Contribution of domestic production records and Interbull EBV on approximate reliabilities of single-step genomic breeding values in dairy cattle. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 60, 263-267.Christensen, O.F. and Lund, M.S. (2010) Genomic prediction when some animals are not genotyped. Genet.Sel.Evol. 42, pp. 2.Forni, S., Aguilar I. and Misztal, I. (2011) Different genomic relationship matrices for single step analysis using phenotypic, pedigree and genomic information. Genet. Sel. Evol., 43, pp. 1.Legarra A., Aguilar I. and Misztal, I. (2009) A relationship matrix including full pedigree and genomic information. J. Dairy Sci., 92, pp. 4656-4663.Meuwissen, T.H.E., Hayes, B.J. and Goddard, M.E. (2001) Prediction of total genetic value using genome-wide dense marker maps. Genetics, 157, pp. 1819–1829.Misztal, I., Legarra A. and Aguilar, I. (2009) Computing procedures for genetic evaluation including phenotypic, full pedigree, and genomic information. J. Dairy Sci., 92, pp. 4648–4655.Pešek, P., Přibyl, J. and Vostrý, L. (2015) Genetic variances of SNP loci for milk yield in dairy cattle. J. Appl. Genet., 56, pp. 339-347.Plemdat, (2015) Descriptions of Breeding values Evaluation. Retrieved on 10th June 2015 From www.plemdat.cz.Přibyl, J. et al. (2014) Domestic and Interbull information in the single step genomic evaluation of Holstein milk production. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 59, pp. 409-415.Přibyl, J. et al. (2015) Domestic estimated breeding values and genomic enhanced breeding values of bulls in comparison with their foreign genomic enhanced breeding values. Animal, 9, pp. 1635-1642.Vitezica, Z.G. et al. (2011) Bias in genomic predictions for populations under selection. Genet. Res. (Camb), 93, pp. 357-366.Zavadilová, L., Jamrozik, J. and Schaeffer, L.R. (2005a) Genetic parameters for test-day model with random regressions for production traits of Czech Holstein cattle. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 50, pp. 142-154.Zavadilová, L., Němcová, E. and Wolf, J. (2005b) Definition of subgroups for fixedregression in the test-day animal model for milk production of Holstein cattle in the CzechRepublic. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 50, pp. 7-13.Zavadilová, L. et al. (2014) Single-step genomic evaluation for linear type traits of Holstein cows in Czech Republic. Anim. Sci. Papers and Reports vol. 32, pp. 201-208
Summary of winter honey bee colony losses in Slovakia between the years 2009 and 2015
Get PDFReceived: 2015-07-22 | Accepted: 2015-11-10 | Available online: 2016-03-24dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2016.19.01.22-24Between the seasons 2009/2010 and 2014/2015 was evaluated 1305 questionnaires in total, received from Slovak beekeepers. Standard questionnaires of COST working group COLOSS were used with sets of questions related to overwintering of bee colonies and possible reasons of its losses. In season 2009/2010 winter losses in Slovakia reached 7,10%, subsequently in 2010/2011 - 5,96%, 2011/2012 - 9,70%, 2012/2013 - 9,50%, 2013/2014 - 8,84%, 2014/2015 - 10,00%. Expected causes of winter mortality (starvation, poor queen´s quality, parasitism, robbery) were evaluated in the study to detect the presence of depopulation syndrome of bee colonies – CCD (colony collapse disorder) reported from some North American and European areas. As acceptable level of winter losses is generally considered level 10%, which was not exceeded in any season, thereby Slovakia ranks among countries with the lowest winter mortality of bee colonies worldwide. Possible reason of this situation is most probably multiple Varroa treatment throughout the year, but other reasons are discussed as well in the study. Keywords: bee colony losses, honey bee, beekeepingReferences JOHNSON. R. (2007) Recent honey bee colony declines. CRS Report for Congress RL33938.KAPLAN, K. (2008) Colony Collapse Disorder: A Complex Buzz. Agric. Res. Magazine, vol. 6, no.5, pp. 8-11.MARTIN-HERNANDEZ, R. et al. (2007) Outcome of Colonization of Apis mellifera by Nosema ceranae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol. 73, no. 20, pp. 6311-6338.Neumann. P. (2008) An introduction to honeybee colony losses. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Europan Conference of Apidology, Belfast.NEUMANN, P. and CARRECK, N. L. (2010) Honey bee colony losses. Journal of Apicultural Research, vol. 49, no.1, pp. 1-6. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.49.1.01VAN DER ZEE, R. et al. (2012) Managed honey bee colony losses in Canada, China, Europe, Israel and Turkey, for the winters of 2008–2009 and 2009–2010. Journal of Apicultural Research, vol. 51, no.1, pp. 100-114. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.51.1.12VAN DER ZEE, R. et al. (2013) Standard survey methods for estimating colony losses and explanatory risk factors in Apis mellifera. Journal of Apicultural Research, vol. 52, no.4. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.52.4.18VAN DER ZEE, R. et al. (2014) Results of international standardised beekeeper surveys of colony losses for winter 2012-2013: analysis of winter loss rates and mixed effects modelling of risk factors for winter loss. Journal of Apicultural Research, vol. 53, no.1, pp. 19-34. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.53.1.0