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A Study on Accessibility of Disabled People: Case for Kızılay Shopping Center, Ankara
Get PDFAlthough legal arrangements have been made about accessibility in Turkey, their reflection the urban spaces have been inadequate. Accessibility is an issue that needs to handle at different scales to improve the quality of life of every individual disabled or not. Analyzing many studies, it is observed that the disabled people in the society have difficulty in either inside of place or outside of place accessibility. It is among the most important accessibility problems that the design of the place with standard measures that will increase the accessibility of individuals is ignored. In order to draw attention to the planning and design criteria on the accessibility of place, it is aimed to determine the accessibility of the space by analyzing compliance with standards in Ankara Kızılay shopping center case area. Within the scope of the study, accessibility criteria in the study area are evaluated by using an accessibility monitoring and inspection form for buildings prepared by the Ministry of Family and Social Policies General Directorate of Disabled and Elderly Services. As a result of the evaluation, it is revealed how accessible the components that affect the availability of Kızılay AVM. According to this study, there is no usage area with very poor accessibility level. Parking has poor accessibility level. The use of emergency and building installation elements is at the medium level of accessibility. Perceptible walking surface signs and building entrances have good accessibility levels. The other usage areas of the shopping center are horizontal and vertical circulation in the building, toilets and orientation and markings are very well accessible. The importance of this study is the answer to the question how accessible the social activity area for all in Kızılay, which is developed as the central business area of Ankara over the accessibility criteria according to legislation
An Interstitial Reading of Istanbul
Get PDF As palimpsests of multiple layers of historic, geo-political, and socio-economic complexity, contemporary cities demand innovative methods of deciphering and unraveling their development. Typically referred to as reading the city, these methods of delayering and synthesizing urban complexity have, for long, pre-occupied urban planners and decisionmakers. Drawing from its interdisciplinary literature, this paper explores a comprehensive model of reading the city. Using a qualitative approach from both the archival and visual data sources, this study provides a better understanding of complex layers of urbanism that guide urban planners, policy makers and decisionmakers in developing more convenient solutions to urban problems. With multiple layers of its urbanism, Istanbul makes a suitable case study for this purpose. Identifying three types of developments (controlled or top-down, partially controlled and outlawed, bottom-up), different interactive networks provide sufficient grounds for reading Istanbul. Reading these intricate layers of Istanbul’s ‘closed’ and ‘open’ city (Sennett, 2017) in close proximity to a main transportation artery (D 100 highway) against the broader backdrop of its long history intertwined with geographic and socioeconomic push and pull forces provides a comprehensive tool for adopting similar methods for reading other cities
Design for Mitigating Urban Heat Island: Proposal of a Parametric Model
Get PDFUrban areas dramatically affect the microclimatic conditions of cities, and induce the ‘Urban Heat Island’ (UHI) effect, which generates many undesirable conditions in the living environment. In recent years, several studies have been examined a strong correlation between the morphology of urban areas and the development of heat island intensity. Then the increasing need for climate responsive design approaches calls for the development of new methodical approaches and tools to control the planned (trans)formation of the urban fabrics. Computational modelling techniques, in this context, suggest relevant methodologies to provide an evidence-based design approach to the issue. This research, in this regard, aims to propose a parametric model for analyzing the key morphological components of urban tissues with regards to the UHI intensity on the basis of ‘Sky View Factor’ (SVF) while testing the alternatives in generative manner. The proposed (parametric) model, therefore, stands on the close-correlation between the algorithmic simulation based on the selected parameters and morphological analysis. By the model, SVF values of the different building settings are calculated with reference to the basic building codes of the development planning system in Turkey (i.e. FAR, building height and setback) in an actual context. Then the proposed model is tested in the case of one of the transformation areas in Ankara, Turkey. Eventually, a methodical framework is aimed for a climate responsive urban design process to mitigate urban heat island
A Restoration Criticism of Historical Buildings According to Thermal Comfort Conditions through Ali Gav Madrasah
Get PDFThermal comfort studies have been a subject of research since the 1930s. Thermal comfort conditions which are of great importance for human health, are also important for energy. Todays due to climate changing and a decrease in energy resources, there is a change in indoor thermal comfort conditions in historic and contemporary buildings. Thermal comfort conditions are the most important factors affecting the use of buildings. So places and spaces where thermal comfort conditions aren’t good are tried to improve to optimal.The historical buildings constitute the majority of the city\u27s building stock in addition to their original and aesthetic architectural qualities, the value for the city. From the planning to the construction process in historical buildings it is observed architectural plan schemes are shaped by considering various environmental and climatic factors such as sun and climate thus it can be said energy uses is taken into account. It is important to use historical structures and to re-function when they are not available with their original function. With re-use, the new details and additional applications that are applied can affect the thermal comfort properties of the building positively or negatively.This study focuses on the thermal comfort properties that come with the restoration of a historic building. In this context, Ali Gav Madrasah which is located in castle borders in the historical city center of Konya in Turkey and restored with a contemporary additional feature that is considered worthy of being examined in terms of thermal comfort. Thermal analysis of the reconstructed Ali Gav Madrasah, which has undergone restoration through integration based on historical documents and excavations and has a top cover made of modern materials, was carried out in August 2018 and January 2019. According to these analyzes, today\u27s thermal conditions are inadequate for all places in Ali Gav Madrasah of thermal comfort conditions. Comments are made on the connection of this insufficient thermal comfort with the restoration/reconstruction. From this point of view, Before the restoration procedures for historical buildings, required feasibility studies and necessary solutions about buildings thermal conditions are investigated. And then architectural details should be produced for this
Persistence, inertia, adaptation and life cycle: applying urban morphological ideas to conceptualise sustainable city-centre change
Get PDFConsideration of the speed and scale of change of urban forms has a long history in urban morphological thought. Buildings and forms that persist in the urban landscape through inertia or, more positively, deliberate decisions to retain them create character and – a more recent argument – contribute to sustainability not least in their embedded energy. This paper explores issues of the persistence and adaptation of some urban forms, focusing on the central business district of Birmingham, UK. Much of this is now protected as a conservation area, and some of its forms have persisted for centuries. Yet there have been periods of rapid change, and we examine the extent of change following Second World War bomb damage. This allows discussion of the dynamics of change and the agents and agencies responsible for producing new urban forms or retaining existing ones; and this informs exploration of the potential contribution of longevity of form to sustainability. The rapid recycling of some structures, after only a couple of decades, may be very unsustainable – impracticable and unaffordable – in an urban context
Transformation of the Space in the context of Neoliberal Urbanization: The Case of İzmir New City Centre, Turkey
Get PDFThe neoliberalism process of Turkey, the intersection point of the Global South and the Global North, which dates back to the 1980s when neoliberalism became a dominant paradigm in the world, began to rapidly transform urban space in the 2000s. With the transformation of capital out of İstanbul, the main application area of neoliberal urbanization in Turkey, the other metropolitan cities of Turkey have been involved in the process of neoliberalization. In İzmir, the third largest metropolitan city of Turkey, the area which is declared New City Centre (NCC) in 2003 has become one of the important application areas of neoliberal urbanization policies. The neoliberalization process of NCC is carried out through large-scale urban projects which are one of the important implementation tools of neoliberal urbanization policies and intervene in the economic, social and cultural areas as well as urban space. In this context, the aim of this study is decipher neoliberal urbanization-oriented process and variables of neoliberal urbanization process in NCC and to reveal the neoliberal spatial transformation in the region on the basis of reproduction of the space
The knotting morphological phenomenon. Interpretation of the palaces for politics forming process in Italy
No full textThe article proposes the study of the phenomenon of architectural and urban “knotting”, which the author considers one of the most interesting in the formation of the modern city. It consists in the transformation of a special serial organism (consisting of units repeated and substitutable among themselves) in an organic structure, where the elements are linked together by a relationship of necessity, through the formation of a nodal space. In Italy this phenomenon is quite evident in the formation of new building types for public services, as in the case of the large post offices obtained by transforming existing buildings and then designed ex novo with the knotting idea, giving rise to some of the most important architecture of modern Italian architecture The phenomenon is particularly evident in the formation of the different palaces of the Chamber of Deputies in Turin, Florence and Rome. The proposal by Carlo Fontana appears very important, indicating a new polarity in the urban fabric, a double knotting that links the public space with the architectural organism. The project will not be executed but will remain in the deep memory of the plan being formed. Ernesto Basile, author of the project that will be realized, in reality continues, stiffening it, the idea of Fontana to continue the internal corridors as routes of an urban fabric overturned inside, which is knotted in the central hall. After three temporary experiments obtained in the existing spaces, Basile designed ex novo the large assembly hall in a virtual processual way, as in an existing space to be transformed, designing the structure of an organism organized around a central open space "subsequently" knotted from a light metal cover
Introducing Supergrids, Superblocks, Areas, Networks, and Levels to Urban Morphological Analyses
Get PDFUrban morphological analyses have identified the parcel (plot), the building type, or the plan unit (tessuto in Italian) as the basic elements of urban form. As cities have grown in geographic size disproportionately to their growth in population over the past seven decades, new elements have been introduced that structure their form. This essay describes these new elements and proposes that they be formally recognized in urban morphology. It introduces a conceptual framework for a multilevel structure of urban space using areas and networks and including supergrids and superblocks to guide morphological analyses
Modern Diffusers for Interior Design
Get PDFIn this study; the elements of the new generation ventilation systems are explained with the general design principles of the HVAC systems. Nozzles and diffusers which are the last elements of HVAC systems are explained with examples.Latest decades, air distribution elements have become the decorative elements in the interior. Air distribution elements are the last elements which complex air conditioning system. In addition to providing air and particle movement control and thermal comfort in the interior, they are also extremely important technical equipment when considering the space design. Thanks to developing design and manufacturing technologies, the latest ventilation equipment has become extremely flexible and has aesthetic appearance. Different modern diffusers are presented with a sample application project in this study. The architectural structure considered as a case study is a complex consisting of showroom, office, sales and service departments serving in the automotive sector. The planer glass facade coating system is the determining element in architecture in general, while the interior stainless steel details and mounting elements form the basic style of the sample building. In the building which is an intensive human and vehicle movement, the glass facade provides maximum natural lighting and passive heating at the same time. For the summer months, mechanical ventilation is preferred, and the Cr-Ni ventilation equipment that provides harmony with the steel structure is the most noticeable interior detail. In this article, a wide interior analysis was carried out with installation plans and sample application visuals as well as mechanical ventilation details
Policy Recommendations for the Planning of Multi-Level Redevelopment and Social Housing Practices
Get PDFConsidering the urgent need for intervention in areas affected by problems such as gecekondu settlement and earthquake risk, redevelopment is inevitable in Istanbul. Such interventions, however, have proven problematic in meeting the local community’s needs. There is a gap between the Istanbul experience and Western—in particular Western European—redevelopment practices, after which the Turkish experience has been modelled. The study aims to fill this gap through a review of these practices, a close examination of the hands-on redevelopment experience, and the lessons derived from two pioneering redevelopment projects in Istanbul: the gecekondu renewal of Ayazma-Tepeüstü and the earthquake-based regeneration in Sümer. 26 in-depth interviews were carried out with actors who influenced redevelopment decisions and those who were influenced by them. Data triangulation was employed to compare the two cases and reveal conflicting opinions and claims. Based on insights from informed practitioners (i.e. central government and metropolitan-level housing providers, local municipalities, and NGOs) and residents, the article analyzes the physical, financial, and community aspects of local redevelopment projects. It then derives policy sets for the planning of multi-level redevelopment and social housing practices as suggested by the project practitioners and community. This study argues that whether focused on renewal, regeneration, transformation, slum removal, or earthquake preparedness, redevelopment activities should pursue planning policies at both the general and local levels when designing a project and take into consideration the affected community’s inclusion and wellbeing in corresponding policies, including those of social housing