ICONARP - International Journal Of Architecture And Planning
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Tracking Morphological Agencies in the Alienated Fringe Belt Plots of Istanbul
Get PDFFringe belts, founded on the peripheries of the city and thereafter being embedded in urbanized areas, can transform in time. They may either modify without losing the fringe belt character or alienate by being absorbed in residential or commercial growth. Especially in large cities with strong and rapid dynamics of change, the concept of fringe belt alienation can be a focal node for monitoring the transformations. Besides the morphological aspects, it is significant to examine the agencies that play roles behind these transformations. This paper intends to make contributions to the fringe belt literature in terms of morphological agencies by analyzing the alienated fringe belt plots in Istanbul that has the characteristics of both an ancient historical city and a megacity of today. The research deals with three major subjects: Istanbul’s fringe belt development, alienated fringe belt plots by morphology, configuration and property, and agencies involved in the alienation processes. Firstly, inner, middle, and outer fringe belts of Istanbul are identified. Their formation phases are observed to put forth a typical narrative of Istanbul’s urban development. Then, alienated fringe belt plots are analyzed with four case studies. The plot development cycles are examined to reveal the relationship between the plot and the building in each case. This examination addresses the phases of the formation and the first cycle of plot development. Second cycles are observed as the result of the transformations both in form and utilization. Finally, morphological agency networks of the cases are displayed by elaborating the active agents in transformation phases. They are categorized into five groups and analyzed by a network analysis. The motivations behind the agent behavior which reflect the periodization of urban development in Istanbul are also unveiled in this paper
The Role of the Senses in Children’s Perception of Space
Get PDFWhile we humans exist in space through our bodies, we experience it via all our senses and build up an integrated knowledge of the world in our memories. However, children’s conception of the world differs from adults due to their developmental stages. This study aims to examine human-space interaction with a new approach to reveal the effects of sensory stimuli on children\u27s perception and memory of space. The case study was conducted in a theme park that offers various sensory stimuli with particularly designed spaces and activities. For the behavioral data, the spatial preferences of the participants (33 children, age 10) were recorded during the tour, and for the memory data participants were asked to draw pictures (cognitive maps) afterwards. The data sets were redefined by the main sensory stimuli offered by the spatial units (spatial data), and the number of stimulus experiences and the number of stimulus recalls were analyzed comparatively. Contrary to popular belief, the results show that (1) all of the senses take part in perception depending on the existing stimuli in the space, vision does not have any precedence; (2) the functioning of the senses during an experience changes depending on how much stimulus they are exposed to and how much the body participates in the perception process; (3) kinesthetic stimuli come to the fore as the best stored stimuli in memory, whereas the taste stimuli remain in the background as the least remembered ones. The case study group was limited, the subjective aspects of perception, and the age and gender differences that may exist are ignored. With the inclusion of age and gender factors precisely, this methodology could reveal promising alternatives for design methods and guide the production of all types of architectural spaces, including the children\u27s spaces. This study proposes an original perspective that regards both the physical and social components of the space as the source of perception; and it attempts to make up for a deficiency by regarding the children who are mostly neglected in other studies, yet are active users of the space
Social distancing among social networking: Architects’ reactions to Covid-19 pandemic with evidence from their social media accounts
No full textThe crisis caused by the covid-19 pandemic is being experienced by consecutive waves of effects, and more is expected until it settles down. The restrictions forced many of us to stay indoors, work remotely and communicate online, as much as possible. Although the advances in ICT were increasing online communication and remote work practice, a change in such a scale was not something expected this abruptly. Besides, the change did not stay limited to the work environment and blurred the line between private lives and the business environment. Social Networking Service (SNS) use increased exponentially both for business and social needs. This sudden change triggered by the pandemic not only challenged the way we work and communicate but also many questions about the future of the built environment emerged. This study attempts to identify the similarities and differences between reactions of a group of Turkish and international architects during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, by using the data retrieved from their corporate SNS accounts. A mix of qualitative and quantitative methodology is adopted for content analysis of Instagram (IG) accounts. There are significant differences between architects’ social network use and their expressed reactions to the pandemic. These differences are both between the Turkish and international architect groups, but also between the group members. Similar studies with different groups of architects, regions and the use of different SNSs should be repeated to compare the results and implications. One of the main contributions of this article is that, it tries to draw attention towards the role of SNSs for the architects to develop a professional identity in digital mediums and administer it within the company’s management strategy. Research on architects’ professional social media use and its implications on their management strategy and corporate practice seem quite scarce. The knowledge gap in this area is promising for further research
Silent Witnesses of the Sacred Region: Findings and Evaluations About Ottoman Period Non-Muslim Places of Worship in Trabzon-Hamsiköy
Get PDFTrabzon-Değirmendere Valley is the third holy place for the Orthodox after Jerusalem and Hagion Oros (the Holy mountain). This study intends, through a field work, to trace and document the places of worship built by non-Muslims in Hamsiköy Valley, which is a branch of Değirmendere Valley that had the densest non-Muslim population, not included in the current literature or not made subject to comprehensive determinations and analyses. On-site determination and documentation studies were carried out in the study by tracing down the Non-Muslim places of worship situated in Hamsiköy Valley. Coordinates of these buildings were established, measurements were conducted whether the building/remnant was existing, schematic plans were drawn and photographs were taken. Inventory forms were generated in accordance with the information obtained. The building/remnants were processed on maps and their locations/positions were documented and their interrelations and the topography of the area was exhibited. A total number of 47 non-Muslim worship places were identified in Hamsiköy Valley in the current literature. Only 14 of these 47 buildings were located during the land study and 19 more buildings that could not be matched with the 47 buildings in the literature were identified during the field work. Hamsiköy Valley which is a branch of Değirmendere Valley, extending from the center of Maçka to Zigana in the south defines the spatial boundaries of the research. While the beginning of the period in question commences with conquest of Trabzon by the Ottoman, the temporal boundary of the study is drawn by the 19th century when extensive rights were granted to non-Muslims and then Turkish-Greek population exchange that took in 1923. This study was conducted for tracing down the places of worship built by non-Muslims in the past in Hamsiköy Valley in Trabzon. These non-Muslim buildings, for which there is not enough information about their current situation despite references in the literature, were identified on site, their coordinates were determined, their sketches were drawn, photographed and taken into inventory
Evaluating Fear of Crime in the City from Ecological Perspective: A Study on Female University Students in Turkey
Get PDFToday, fear in urban areas is rapidly expanding its domain. Disadvantaged sections of the city feel the fear of crime more prominently because of their vulnerability. Among these segments, female university students are the subject of this study. The insecure feelings of female students who frequently use urban public spaces, live in less isolated environments than other parts of society and have to ride on public transportation at late hours, reduce their quality of life and add to their existing problems. In particular, it can be expressed that environmental and design related factors affect female students’ fear of crime. The ecological approach based on this subject constitutes the starting point of this study. In this context, the study aims to analyze female university students’ fear of crime from the ecological perspective. Within the scope of the study, a quantitative standardized questionnaire technique was used as a data collection tool for the above-mentioned purposes. According to the findings; female students feel a distinct fear of various crimes in Turkey as they do in every country in the world. In particular, sexual assault is the leading crime. Female students who are continuing their education in Turkish cities are inadequate in the context of integration with the city where they live and establishing neighborly relations. This leads to an increase in their level of unease. However, students feel unsafe in their daily life practices due to urban planning problems, irregularities and physical disorganizations. The value of this research, which is carried out with the idea that there is a significant deficiency in the field especially in terms of urban studies, is to be a leading survey in Turkey. In addition, the study is one of rare studies dealing with female university students’ fear of crime from an ecological perspective.
Effects of Expo Fairs on Urban Development as the Event Legacy and Their Sustainability: Comparison of Expo Lisbon and Expo Antalya Cases
Get PDFIn terms of the development and progress of cities, it is necessary to make investments and arrangements before large-scale events, to introduce the cultures and characteristics of the cities during the event process, and to plan their use after the event to ensure spatial sustainability. The aim of this study is to evaluate the urban development effects of Expo fair areas and their contribution to spatial sustainability in terms of being an event legacy. Within the scope of the study, content analysis was realized between the Expo fair held in Lisbon in 1998 and the Expo fair held in Antalya in 2016, and the event legacies they left to the cities were compared. Research results reveal that Expo Lisbon was a tool in terms of urban development and spatial sustainability, while Expo Antalya was a purpose. The study underlines the necessity of planning the spatial uses during and after the fair, associating the fair area with the city, and sustaining social life and economic employment in order to transform the Expo areas into an investment and space that will be effective in the long-term for the cities. The study is limited to the urban and spatial sustainability of Expo Lisbon and Antalya areas. It is recommended to carry out studies that include different Expo areas and socio-economic sustainability in the future. This study provides important contributions to the field of science and practice in terms of presenting the effects of Expo fairs on urban development and sustainability relations through the examination of Lisbon and Antalya examples. In addition, the comparison of the two Expo cases is aimed to guide the countries and cities that will host large-scale events in the future
Investigation of the Effects of Different Types of Traditional Timber Load-Bearing Systems Used in Turkey on Building Behaviour
Get PDFRecently historic timber structures in Turkey are unfortunately not given the value they deserve. Although timber structures are unique symbols of our cultural heritage, they are forgotten for natural and human reasons. On the other hand, when traditional timber structures standing today to repairs and / or reinforcements and restorations are examined, it is seen that timber elements according to the knowledge and skill of construction foreman are constructed with different types of structural systems. This matter reveals that choosing the right timber structural system is very important. This study the effects of their behaviour of traditional timber structural systems of different types widely used in the construction of timber structures in Turkey were comparatively examined. With this purpose, teen different structural system models with the Sta-stell program of the timber-framed (with Çatkı) Safran mansion which is widely used in Turkey were created and the findings were compared with each other by carried out structural analyses. The findings obtained reveal that buttresses are important in meeting, distributing and transferring the loads acting on the structural system, especially earthquake loads, to the foundation and the displacement distributions in the storey levels of the buttressed building models are less. In addition, the findings obtained show that buttresses that increase the lateral rigidity of timber structures increase the performance of the structure in question and reduce the internal forces of the structural elements. Turkey\u27s widely used timber structural systems (in accordance with the Safran mansion architecture, which received the best restored mansion award) were modelled and analysed. The results presented are aimed to design recommendations and better understanding of the behaviour of different timber structural systems in today’s architectural practice
Cobb-Douglas Hybrid Modelling Approach with Fuzzy-AHP Indexing for Residential Land Value Determining: A Case Study of Konya/Turkey
Get PDFIn this study, for mass real estate appraisal forecasting, the hybrid mathematical model has been developed by combining Cobb-Douglas one of the nonlinear regression models, and linear modeling. The real estate attributes that create the model were grouped under four main-title: local, spatial, physical and legal features. While Cobb-Douglas was used for the value forecast based on the real estate attributes in each part of the model, an integrated model was created with a linear approach. As a different approach, local and spatial features, which are among the real estate attributes, were used as indexes for reasons such as preventing data confusion in the model and using according to the spatial analysis results of distances. Local and spatial index were prepared with the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method to use within the model. For indexes, in the central districts of Konya, 10 local-specific attributes were used, while 12 spatial-specific attributes. The data set has been prepared using legal and physical attributes with market values collected from 457 parcels in the study area. Local and spatial attributes were added as indexes to the data set used in the hybrid model. In addition, modeling was done with the data set used in the Cobb-Douglas Hybrid Model (C-DHM) according to the Linear Multiple Regression Analysis (Linear MRA) method. The developed C-DHM’s results was integrated with Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The performance values between the hybrid model and market values were examined. Results showed that R2 value for C-DHM and Linear MRA used as indexes was found to be 0,85 and 0,80. When the values obtained from C-DHM and market value are compared, it is seen that model gives successful results
Miras
No full textAdaptive reuse of the built heritage can often result in damage to heritage values both during the adaptation and reuse processes -in many cases it can bear on building performance and user satisfaction. Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is a well-known method of assessing building performance, and previous studies demonstrated the practicality of employing POE in reused heritage building assessment. Yet, POE’s contribution to heritage conservation has not been comprehensively explored. This paper presents the findings of an indicative POE of a hammam building adapted into a restaurant as a case study.
The case study building was evaluated through a series of walk-throughs, photographs, documentation, and a user survey. The POE has pointed to damage and authenticity loss in the building by reuse based on established conservation principles concerning intangible heritage values and cultural perception, resulting in a series of recommendations to prevent future deterioration and improve the performance of the building. A key observation is that data from the user survey do not coincide with the findings based on internationally acknowledged principles of conservation practice, which indicates that heritage awareness still has not been gained by the wider society. Hence, this study concludes that more research is required to examine the use of POEs in addressing heritage conservation issues and suggests a greater understanding of the role of POE surveys for a more valuable insight into user feedback. It also provides designers and decision-makers with matters to be taken in account regarding the preservation of authenticity when executing an adaptive reuse project for a heritage building
Investigation of Housing Projects for Rural Areas in Terms of Sustainability Criteria with Revit-The Case of Kayseri
Get PDFTo realize sustainable rural development, it aims to contribute to constructing rural dwellings that are sensitive to climate change and resistant to disasters, where resources are used efficiently. The study was carried out in five parts. In the first part, the study area was determined. Secondly, information about the subject was collected. The third part is the field study, and the architectural features of the old and new houses in the study area were determined. In the fourth chapter, the rural housing projects designed by TOKİ, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate Change, and Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University and the selected residences in the study area were modeled in the Revit program and analyzed based on the sustainability criteria. Finally, in the last section, the conclusions and recommendations are presented. It has been found that the housing projects prepared for the rural area are in a disadvantageous position in terms of solar orientation and daylight benefit compared to the residences in the study area and an advantageous situation in terms of energy consumption. This study is limited to examining the determined rural housing in terms of solar utilization and energy consumption characteristics of ecological sustainability. This study\u27s findings indicate that sustainability analyses be made at the design stage of all buildings, especially rural residences. At this point, making these analyzes mandatory for obtaining construction permits may help increase energy-efficient construction. In the literature review, no study was found on examining rural houses according to the sustainability criteria with the Revit Program