ICONARP - International Journal Of Architecture And Planning
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Determining and Ordering the Basic Evaluation Criteria in the Furniture Design Process
Get PDFIt is seen that the design-oriented criteria in the furniture product have been analyzed through consumer or user preferences until today. However, the design criteria determined or evaluated through user preferences are not sufficient for the development of products. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the criteria in the design process in the furniture industry from an expert point of view, to determine the importance and weights of these criteria, and to develop standards. In this context, the aim of this study is to determine the criteria and sub-criteria in the furniture design process, and to analyze the importance ratings and weights of these criteria relative to each other. AHP, which is one of the multiple decision-making methods, was applied for the literature review and the analysis of the importance and weights of the criteria and sub-criteria determined by five different experts in the field. A total of 4 main criteria and 25 sub-criteria were determined in order to evaluate the furniture design process with the opinion of experts. Accordingly, the main criterion that has the most importance when evaluating the furniture design process is functionality. This criterion is followed by technical, conceptual and aesthetic criteria, respectively. Planning in accordance with the intended use (functional), material quality (technical), sustainability (conceptual) and form / shape (aesthetic) are the most important sub-criteria under the basic criteria. The findings of the study have the potential to contribute to the objective evaluation of the instructors working in the institutions providing education in the field, to determine the evaluation criteria in national-international design competitions, or to make a joint group decision by multiple decision makers in the sector
Building Production Processes Planning and Management in Classical Greek Era; Comparison with Contemporary Practices
Get PDFThrough the example of the Classical Greek Era, the study focuses on seeking an answer to the question of whether managerial techniques and strategies were developed in building production processes in ancient times. The study aims to identify and examine the stages planned in the building production processes and the construction management and organization techniques developed during the Classical Greek period (VI.-IV. century BCE), which played an important role in the development of building art and to compare the practices of the Era with today\u27s construction and management practices. The research methodology is based on the interpretation of historical data from the Classical Greek Era, consisting of construction texts written on stone slabs and their epigraphic explanations, and the comparison of the practices of the Era with contemporary practices. The stone slab samples with the construction texts used in the study were taken from the Sara B. Aleshire Center for Greek Epigraphic Studies catalogs at the University of Berkeley. The epigraphically analyzed descriptions of these inscriptions by different authors were obtained by searching the literature sources through the catalog numbers given to the samples. In the classical Greek Era, three main administrative public bodies made decisions on construction, planning, and managing the construction processes. These include the Senate, Ecclesia (people\u27s assembly), and building commissions. By the decision of the people\u27s assembly, building commissions were established to manage and supervise the construction process from a financial, administrative, and technical perspective. This research has contributed to the understanding that today\u27s building production strategies and management theories have their roots in ancient times, thereby contributing to the universality of construction and management theory. Due to the dynamic nature of the research, the period analyzed was also compared with the current production management theories. The study\u27s uniqueness lies in interpreting historical documents and observing and comparing current conditions. Hence, while the construction and management systems in the Classical Greek period are understood, two different processes are analyzed in their own contexts, and their differences and similarities are highlighted
An Analysis on the Biophilic Design Patterns in Higher Education Buildings: AGU as a Case of Biophilic Campus
No full textExamining the biophilic elements in education campuses, which are a smaller-scale representation of urban areas, would be an example of urban-scale human–nature improvements. In this context, this article aims to analyze the biophilic elements in Abdullah Gul University (AGU) Sumer Campus and 3 education buildings for the interaction tendency between nature and humans. This examination encompasses two processes, first, taking photographs through on-site observation and applying a survey. On-site observation and photography included author-collected evidence of biophilic elements on campus. A questionnaire was conducted to analyze the awareness of biophilic elements among the occupants of the AGU education buildings and campus. It was determined how many biophilic design principles exist in buildings and how aware the occupants are of these principles. Due to this detection, the potentials and shortcomings of the AGU education buildings and campus were brought to light in terms of biophilic design. In the research, the AGU campus and 3 main education buildings, which have significance in the historical spatial memory of the city of Kayseri and are in the restoration process, were chosen as a case. Buildings under restoration within the campus were excluded. In addition, 14 biophilic patterns identified by Browning, Ryan, and Clancy constitute the scope of this study. The research can be applied to other university campuses in the city of Kayseri. This awareness in education buildings will also lay the groundwork for the spread of biophilic criteria on an urban scale.The research treats education campuses and buildings as a small representation of the urban scale. With the analysis of biophilic elements, the AGU campus has original value in defining it as an example of a biophilic campus
Interior Arrangement in Children Libraries during the Covid 19 Pandemic Process: The Example of Konya Seljuk Municipality KPP Children’s Library
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to analyse the compliance of the Seljuk Municipality Konya Plain Project Children\u27s Library in Konya, Turkey with the design principles in line with the recommendations of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. This descriptive study, which aims to analyse Konya Plain Project Children Library from a spatial point of view, was conducted according to the case study from qualitative research methods. In this study, the physical, ergonomic, and social suitability of the library was evaluated by photographing technique by making observations and measurements, presented with visual materials and the inadequacies in its structure were revealed. The fact that the building was designed as a municipal building and later converted into a library caused some of the parameters recommended by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions to not meet sufficiently. The fact that the library is located on the third floor has limited its relationship with the environment, its location in the centre of the city and on a noisy street, and the inability to control the sound in the study rooms have increased the noise level. The natural lighting of the library is determined to be uncontrolled and insufficient. It was determined that there were no building elements to control the sun, direction finding signs and a care room for babies or children. In addition, it was determined that ergonomic criteria were ignored in the design of the space. As a result of this study, it was determined that the Konya Plain Project Children\u27s Library should be redesigned in terms of location, noise level, natural and artificial lighting, signage and wayfinding signs, child or baby care room. In addition, it has been determined that comfort and aesthetic elements have been at the forefront of the Konya Plain Project Children\u27s Library, and it has been tried to keep up with the requirements of technology institutionally. Space design has been emphasized and suggestions have been developed in order to increase the use of children\u27s libraries and to make the service appealing to wider audiences
Impact of Sustainability Transition in Moroccan Cities’ Identity: The Case of Benguerir
Get PDFWhether internationally or in Morocco, the construction industry is one of the world\u27s most energy-consuming industries. Nationally, this sector is estimated to account for 33% of total energy consumption. In addition, the construction industry is one of the highest producers of GHG emissions. For these reasons, Morocco has taken steps to reduce the sector\u27s impact on the economy and the environment. That\u27s why the green sustainable cities trend has started in the last decade. Globalization trends and efforts to keep the concept of sustainability alive in a concrete city have brought along many conflicting choices. Moroccan cities are known for their strong identities due to the long process of shaping these cities throughout history. But new sustainability trends seem to introduce new colors that can strip them of their identity. This article is a research paper for the arid climate city of Benguerir, located in the South, one of the green cities of Morocco. Green represents a challenging context for implementing sustainability. This study reveals the different parameters of sustainability in cities, how important urban identity is, and how it can be perceived and discusses the transition and identity changes of cities. The case study exemplifies the Moroccan context, the reason behind the need for Moroccan green cities, the efforts of the government, and the problems green Moroccan cities may face when trying to preserve their identity. Benguerir is an example that has achieved various sustainability parameters and represents the policies of Moroccan green cities. The city can also represent upcoming challenges for cities in a similar context
Determination of Environmental Ethics Approaches of Urban and Regional Planning Students
Get PDFUrban planners who are environmentally conscious and aware will take action to take responsibility, inform, and control. Raising environmental awareness is essential in urban planning education to understand environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to educate urban planning students on environmental ethics. This study investigates the environmental attitudes and behaviors of urban and regional planning students, who will shape the environment in the future within the context of the value-belief-norm theory. Moreover, to find clues that will shape environmental education in the course curriculum. The study included 226 students from the Department of Urban and Regional Planning in the Faculty of Architecture of Yıldız Technical University (YTU) and Amasya University (AU). Questionnaire data has been evaluated using principal components analysis, correlation analysis, T-test, and ANOVA analysis. According to the study findings, urban planning students have adopted biocentric, ecocentric, and anthropocentric value orientations. The study has found that students with ecocentric value orientation tend to show more pro-environmental behavior. The study concludes that the student’s characteristics also affect how they show pro-environmental behavior and evaluate environmental policies. In conclusion, focusing on ecocentric approaches in urban planning education can positively affect adopting pro-environmental behavior and policies. Additionally, study findings show that students with relatively better economic conditions are more inclined to have a biocentric value orientation. Based on the literature and these study findings, pro-environmental behavior is not a single-dimensional structure caused only by individuals\u27 personal and professional characteristics. People\u27s environmental attitudes and behaviors are shaped by their upbringing, school, friends, and culture. It shows that pro-environmental behavior has a multi-dimensional complex structure, and a conceptual framework can provide guidance to explain these kinds of behavior
Developing Social Sustainability Criteria and Indicators in Urban Planning: A Holistic and Integrated Perspective
Get PDFOne of the main reasons for today’s urban problems is the disregarding of social sustainability in urban interventions and the lack of an approach that evaluates social sustainability with all its issues as a universal and holistic one. In this context, the aim of this study is to determine and categorize social sustainability criteria, objectives, and indicators to measure and to assess social sustainability for ensuring the sustainability of cities that could be used in all urban areas and applied in urban planning. Within this scope, social sustainability criteria, objectives, and indicators identified by international organizations and academic/scientific studies on different scales and in urban areas were evaluated systematically and analytically. A matrix has been generated according to the frequency of occurrence of social sustainability criteria and indicators. Although research studies focus on criteria and indicators according to scale, subject, and specified matters. It is a necessity to identify social sustainability criteria and indicators that can be used on every scale and in every urban area. Accordingly, ten criteria have been determined: population, accessibility, education and skills, health, housing, security, belonging, participation, social capital and social cohesion, urban life quality, satisfaction, and adequacy of services. Based on the criteria, targets, sub-targets, indicators, and indicator definitions for each criterion have been identified. However, the significance of each criterion is addressed, as well as the reasons for their necessity for social sustainability. This study proposes a universal, detailed, and holistic perspective for the measurement and assessment of social sustainability that enables the use of both quantitative and qualitative data together and envisages the use of mixed techniques in obtaining and evaluating data. In addition, criteria and indicator systems will be able to guide practitioners and policymakers to make decisions related to the social structure before and after the implementation of urban projects
User Perceptions of Shopping Centres with Different Spatial Configurations
Get PDFThis is the first study in the literature investigating the effects of different spatial configurations (open, semi-open and enclosed) of the shopping centres on user perceptions. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of shopping centres’ different spatial configurations (open, semi-open and enclosed) on the perceptions of users, investigate current trends and predict likely designs for consumer-wise shopping centres in the future. Accordingly, the open-air Konya Bedesten Bazaar, the semi-open Forum Bornova Shopping Centre, and the enclosed Kule Site Shopping Centre were selected as sample areas. The study questionnaire was administered to 300 participants to determine the participants’ demographic characteristics, reasons for choosing and visiting the shopping centre, and shopping centres’ physical, landscape and sensory effects on the participants. According to the results of the data analysis obtained by the SPSS program, it has been determined that contemporary consumer is less interested in enclosed shopping places, longing for the traditional bazaar. In addition to the spatial configuration, traditional market images and local values were seen to be perceptually prioritized for consumers. In this context, it is very important that open-air shopping centres, which are a new trend for users, emulate the traditional features, establish a relationship with the open air and the environment, and use real equipment such as green-water element, urban furniture strengthens the perception of the city in shopping centres. In addition, the concept of "freshness" was specified as the most important sensory concept by the users. It is essential due to forming a basis for determining the likely design criteria for future shopping centres, creating spatial configurations and fictions according to user requirements, and future theoretical studies related to this. The study contributes to the literature by providing valuable insights for planners, architects, and investors in terms of user perceptions for future shopping centres
Ostrakinda: A Game-Based Learning Toolkit for Ancient Mediterranean Cities
Get PDFThe study develops the \u27Ostrakinda\u27 toolkit for teaching morphologies of ancient Mediterranean cities. The methodology consists of a triple structure involving design, play, and analysis phases. In the design phase, the level of interest and actual demands of students regarding game-based learning (GBL) and ancient cities were explored through pre-experiments. The play phase involved experimental studies conducted in courses and workshops, where both physical and digital toolkits were tested by a total of 331 students. The analysis phase aimed to evaluate the impact of the game by systematically addressing five research questions. The results of the paired t-test confirm a significant difference in scores before and after playing the game, thus validating the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Additionally, Chi-square (X2) tests revealed significant relationships between the form of play and the level of abstraction in the game outputs. Individual and group experiences during gameplay were associated with various interactions, and group experiences particularly fostered competitive and collaborative learning. The extensive analysis using the GBL Design Scale, comprising ten critical factors (GBL-Fn), showed that the challenge factor (F8) had the weakest values, while fantasy (F5) and narrative (F6) had the highest values in the correlation matrix. Overall, the study contributes methodologically and contextually to the existing literature, offering valuable findings for the future development of similar strategies in architectural education. However, it is important to acknowledge the limitations of this interdisciplinary study, particularly with regards to technical, cognitive, and archaeological aspects. Nevertheless, the clear and effective structure of the game holds promise as a valuable tool for learning
Defining the Impacts of Historical Development Activities on Urban Heritage of İskenderun (Alexandretta)
Get PDFİskenderun, also known as Alexandretta in antiquity, has long been a strategically significant port city in the Eastern Mediterranean thanks to its natural harbour. Due to its advantageous location, the settlement began to rapidly urbanize after the mid-19th century as a result of the impacts of Ottoman and later the French Mandate period development activities. This article focuses on defining the influences of historical development activities on the urban heritage of İskenderun by understanding and evaluating various efforts that lie behind the formation of the city as an important trade centre and port city connecting the Middle East, Asia Minor, and Europe. By doing so, the formation, development and transformation of the settlement are chronologically deciphered regarding its historical turning points: the mid-19th century Ottoman period, the beginning of the French Mandate period (1919), and the joining of İskenderun to the Republic of Türkiye (1939). Accordingly, the characteristics of the urban form, the ways these characteristics were transformed, and the problems and strategies encountered within different periods are decoded. This decoding employed a combined methodology, including historical interpretation and case study research methods. The results of the study reveal that İskenderun has experienced different solutions for problems of infrastructure within the different periods, as a reflection of different political understandings and public and social needs among those periods