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    Point Array Study of Antibody Binding in Viruses

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    16 p.To combat viral infections, organisms with adaptive immune systems have developed antibodies that can neutralize or render viruses as non-infectious. This can be done in multiple fashions. The primary way to stop the infection of a host cell with antibodies is by blocking entry into the host with antibodies using steric interference. Additionally, antibodies can cause the coagulation of viral particles to be disposed of by macrophages and other such immune cells. Recently, it has been discovered that certain antibodies directly affect virus structure and can cause destabilization of the capsid causing it to fall apart (Zhu et al.). The specific antibody discovered was named A9 while another antibody investigated in the same study was given the denomination D6. The study investigated the mechanism of neutralization of both of these antibodies were investigated in this study. As such, it is of particular interest to further describe these antibodies interactions with the capsid of their targeted virus Human enterovirus (HE71)

    Student-Athlete Compensation and the NCAA Business Model

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    v, 36 p.Colleges are institutions that run on tight budgets and have the responsibility of providing for multiple people. Part of institutions jobs is running athletic programs that provide an opportunity for athletes to compete and receive an education. However, it is believed by some that colleges and the governing body the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) fail to do this. This paper examines whether student athletes can be compensated based on the financials of the schools and NCAA. Using data of median revenue and net revenue of NCAA members and financial statements from the NCAA to determine an answer of if they should compensate athletes. This also paired with a literature review section that can show the evolution of the NCAA business model through court cases and structural changes. The outcome of this study shows that with the recent changes in the NCAA legislation and the financial data, there is no room financially for schools and the NCAA to compensate athletes without turmoil in college sports

    Their Own Legal Category : State Surveillance as a Means of Criminalizing Pregnant People

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    35 p.This project examines the state surveillance and consequential criminalization of pregnant people. It begins by investigating a set of laws and procedures that apply only to pregnant people in agreement with Grace Elizabeth Howard’s assertion that pregnant people constitute their own legal category, demonstrated through personal stories by criminalized pregnant people. The second section discusses surveillance practices currently weaponized against people of color in the United States that may soon be used to criminalize pregnant people for having abortions. The project concludes by discussing why a complete reliance on the law is insufficient for the protection of abortion in America. It details how a legalistic framework often leaves behind those who are the most vulnerable to criminalization and finishes by suggesting an abolitionist lens and a focus on radical love and mutual aid

    An Untitled Senior Individualized Project

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    30 p.This paper details a series of paintings and drawings that explore the relationships between identity, disenfranchised grief, and abuse. Aimed to make viewers feel uncomfortable as they are often positioned as the viewer in situations of exploitation, this work explores how one understands the world after growing up through trauma. Inspired by my memories of teenage angst while trying to understand instances of abuse, these works explore my own coming-of-age experience while poking fun at daily instances of power. Ultimately, these works are humorous, provocative, and homoerotic. Using 2-D mediums such as Sharpie on cardboard and paint on canvas, I aimed to loosely-render subjects in my composition to create works that feel hap-hazard. This captures angst and resistance towards traditional power structures. I also believe that the loose rendering of work aids in paintings feeling raw and almost guttural to the viewer; given which, further convey messages of angst and anger throughout my work. Furthermore, the works explore power with the use of consistent characters throughout my body of work. These characters act as pieces of a puzzle that viewers can follow along with to understand the narrative I am telling and reflect on the idea of a victim and perpetrator. In this paper I will detail the narrative and conceptual ideas behind my work, my artistic influence and sources of inspiration, and the choice of materials throughout my Senior Individualized Project

    On Healing : Understanding People-Plant Relationships through Ecopoetry and Anishinaabe Botanical Teachings

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    ix, 68 p.The following is an investigation of the unique and often misunderstood relationship between humans and plants. Today, there is an obvious disconnect between people and the natural world. Settler colonialism has fostered this separation, leading to our drastically worsening global climate crisis. Often exacerbated by those who decide that making a profit is more beneficial than the longevity of our Earth. Human actions cause consequences for all beings on our planet. The age of the Anthropocene shows that now more than ever the politics of humans affects nonhuman beings. I would argue that western through patterns such as settler colonialism and plant blindness not only divide humans and the natural world but humans from themselves. With this, I have often wondered how it is that we are to connect with the Earth if we cannot connect with ourselves. This ties into the same concept: "if you can’t love yourself, how will you love anyone else?” If you cannot heal yourself and acknowledge that healing is not only physical but a mental and spiritual process, how are you to participate in the health of our planet? How do we heal our physical and nonphysical bodies? How do we heal our relationship with the Earth and the other beings that we inhabit her with? With a focus on medicinal plants, (found in the Midwest Region– native and house plant) ecopoetry will be used to explain and understand the connections humans have to the plant world. This research will refer to Anishinaabe teachings and theories to demonstrate a view of plants outside of the individualistic western view and challenge ways of thinking put in place by settler colonialism

    From the Streets to Plasma Screens, An Analysis of The Man in the High Castle’s Depiction of “Honorable” Kempeitai

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    iv, 28 p.The Man in the High Castle portrays the Kempeitai in a fashion that hinges upon unity and static characterization, reducing the individuals of the military unit to mindless, obedient drones who follow their commanding officer. The characteristics of duty, loyalty, and honor are what draw together the Japanese in the scenes of the show, following a template of ideal behavior laid out by the interwar and wartime, kokutai ideology. Historically, the Kenpeitai were involved with acts of brutality and dehumanization, aiding in the Japanese wartime initiative to further biochemical warfare (Unit 731). Despite the conjecture surrounding The Man in the High Tower and its overarching narrative, the plot of the television adaptation is guilty of reducing the negative impact of the Kenpeitai in Asia during the war, and systematically rationalizing their actions through the stereotypes of honor, loyalty, and fealty toward the emperor. Furthermore, the show’s characterization of the military follows the ideological staples delineated in the Kokutai no Hongi and Senjinkun, both of which are blatant examples of nationalistic, pseudo-religious propaganda; as noted by Karl Friday and the examples of wartime atrocities committed in direct violation of prescribed (ideological) directive, there exists a difference between such documents and reality. I conclude, therefore, that the portrayal of Inspector Kido, the demonstrated (spiritual) loyalty toward the crown, and the emphasis on honor that The Man in the High Castle prescribes toward the Japanese that the Kempeitai’s characterization, falls closer in line with the propaganda demonstrated in the Senjinkun and Kokutai no Hongi—and is misleading in nature

    Orthodontist Shadowing Experience

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    12 p.The author reviews an internship with a local orthodontist, including patient relations, office practice, software, and instruments in use

    Collectivism and Individualism

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    25 p.Individualism fist came about as a construct from a factor analysis performed by Hofstede in 1980. Since then, many researchers have been intrigued by this concept as a way to categorize cultures and attitudes. The constructs are very broad, and authors have defined and operationalized them differently. Moreover, there has been differing results. One big example of the flaws of the existing research lies in the common view that the United States is the most individualist culture, and that Japan is extremely collectivist. New research indicates that this is not true. Researchers have theorized about the implications of collectivism and individualism. An important theory has come from Markus and Kitayama (1991), who propose a conception of the self as independent in individualist cultures and an interdependent conception of the self in collectivist cultures. Triandis (1995) made an interesting proposition that cultures can be both highly individualistic and collectivistic at the same time with a system where cultures are rated on both collectivism and individualism. It is clear that there is a need for consensus on how to define the broad constructs of collectivism and individualism and to specify in detail aspects within the broad constructs that can be more definitively operationalized

    Targeted Gene Therapy : A Molecular Breakthrough in the Treatment of Lung Cancers

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    iv, 21 p.Lung cancer is a non-communicable disease that affects millions of individuals around the globe. The Thoracic Oncology Department at Karmanos Cancer Institute aims to attack cancer at its core through multiple forms of treatment and therapy. This Senior Individualized Project aims to discuss my personal experiences and knowledge gained from shadowing a physician assistant in thoracic oncology at Karmanos. It also focuses on a new line of treatment called targeted therapy has benefited healthcare providers and patients in the treatment of lung cancer. This form of therapy aims to precisely eliminate cancer cells through specific protein connections. The expressions of anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti PD-L1) and resistance to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) are important pathways used in targeted therapy to destroy and stop the spread of lung cancer

    Entitled, “Folk Art”

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    ii, 49 p.American folk art is the heart of this project. Separated into five sections, the topic of folk art is explored through the lens of history, contextual analysis, an in-depth look at a handful of folk artists, folk art outside of the United States, and a look at collectors and the role of collecting in the construction of folk art as a category. What I aim to answer throughout is the question; what is folk art? Before beginning this project, I knew of the category but nothing about its parameters or the people who create under the label. This project utilizes multiple frameworks including formal analysis, social theory, gender theory, in hopes of developing a lens on folk art that is cognizant of the impact of colonial language and capitalist influence. This paper considers the economic and social identities of artists in the folk art field and the impact those demographics have on the success of folk art in terms of monetary value, educational studies, and publicity or popularity in mainstream artistic aesthetics in the United States

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