Scientific Annals of "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi
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Morphological and morphometrical differentiation of processes on crater walls in Eastern Utopia Planitia, Mars
Get PDFThis study identifies a variety of processes associated with erosional and depositional structures within impact craters in eastern Utopia Planitia, Mars. Differentiation of the morphological characteristics of erosional and depositional structures within five structures suggests that four types of landforms develop on craters walls: debris flows, linear or dendritic channels resembling gullies, head-cut channels, and dry flows. Previous studies have mostly focused on the orientation characteristics of gully-type landforms and the environmental conditions that contributed to their formation. Most of these studies favored the term gully for all “wet” processes affecting crater walls, although debris flows have also recently been described. The full development of these structures shows that the wet-member structures (e.g., temporary channels resembling gullies) and mixed types (e.g., debris flows) evolved under different environmental conditions than that of present-day Mars. Dry flows can form in the current environmental conditions, but their presence near to the wet-member forms and the structural relationships among these wet and dry forms suggest that they formed within the same periods during fluctuations in atmospheric conditions. The morphometrical characteristics of flows on craters walls show that there is a relationship between the accumulation area and slope of processes, which indicate a morphometric threshold between the wet and dry types of erosion; with gully channels developing on low angle colluvial slopes while the debris flows are forming on more abrupt slopes. It is suggested that the most important controlling factors for flow initiation and development on the crater walls are first related to the morphometry of craters walls, and then to water availability and exposure of bedrock within crater walls
THE PROBLEM OF DELIMITATION IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS,
Get PDFIt has been proved for countless number of times, including the case of Goč Mountain, that consulting geographers for various questions is obligatory. The topic of this work is the necessity of establishing borders in mountain regions and ways in which it could be performed. It also points to the fact that toponyms could create confusion. The results of the paper have led to paradox situation. By establishing borders of the Goč Mountain, it has been proved that certain, terrains close to it, which were considered to belong to Goč, are in fact on the slopes of the other mountain, and in addition to it, between them there is one more lower mountain. Namely, it is interesting that conducting an interview among local population in southeast part of the mountain contributed to the process of confirmation of the border established by applying geographic knowledge, while on the southwest part of the Goč Mountain it was not the case. Additional analysis gave the explanation for the diversity. There is no local population in southwest part of the Goč Mountain. Interview was conducting between employees in tourist facilities, forestry workers and weekenders
Impacto de la política de retorno del gobierno rumano sobre los inmigrantes que se encuentran en España
Get PDFThis study is a continuation of the ideas presented in the last number of this rewiew. The importance of the Romanian migration in Spain have been distinguished by numerous researchers. The Romanian Government undertaked to assign the Politics of Return of this Migrants. On of the must importants Problems is the evolution of the Cash-Flow remitence. Its dynamics has been growing over 2008 and constitued one of the particularly importants sources of the international values. Beyond this circumstances the Romanian Government displayed under 2006 one campain for the Return of the Migrants. This campain to get in conflict with the project of the improvement of the image of Romania in Spain
CARACTERISTIQUES GEOMORPHOLOGIQUES DANS LA PERCEPTION POPULAIRE. ÉTUDE DE CAS : LES SUBCARPATES ENTRE LES RIVIERES OLT ET DÂMBOVIȚA (ROUMANIE)
Get PDFThe main goal of this study is to compare historical and present – day maps in order to select toponyms which reveal the geomorphological outlines of the region between Olt and Dâmboviţa rivers; these toponyms help us to understand the “signs” of the land, geology and geomorphological processes of a region. This study is based on detailed observations of the toponyms. In the 20th century, official cartography retained some of the old toponyms, but these sources must be read carefully in an appropriate mode, starting from the geographical knowledge of the area, its historical and present – day man – environment relationship. Toponyms can be the key of the diachronic interpretation of the (geomorphological in this case) landscape. The toponymical cover of a territory offers various interpretations in the research field, requiring a complex analysis of both cartographic (and written) sources and field observations. The analysis of toponyms as geomorphological “landmarks” allowed a better comprehension of the land values in this area, along with its topographical and environmental issues; these form a vital element for the economic development and territorial support of the region. Local people have expressed the characteristics of the land in toponyms (archaic or regional terms). Our work was to identify, classify and map the toponyms reffering to: cleared and vulnerable to run-off erosion hills, isolated mounds, morphographic and morphometric features of the hilltops and interfluves, landslides, run-off erosion, specific landforms, saddles, soil and petrographic features, specific morphographioc and morphometric features of the valleys etc
Alfred Korzybski et la pragmatique de la carte
Get PDFAlfred Korzybski şi pragmatica hărţii. Raporturile dintre hartă şi teritoriu au făcut obiectul unor reflecţii dintre cele mai complexe. Plecând de la studiile de semantică ale cunoscutului cercetător american de origine poloneză se poate afirma că harta nu poate fi considerată o reprezentare fidelă a teritoriului redând doar acea parte care constituie esenţa modului în care de-a lungul timpului a fost perceput şi reprezentat spaţiul. Harta este prin ea insăşi auto-reflexivă chiar dacă nu oferă posibilitatea reprezentării complete a elementelor care compun câmpul vizual dintr-un anumit loc
Book review of „An introduction to scientific research methods in geography” (Daniel R.Montello, Paul C. Sutton)
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CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN DRY REGIONS OF INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF RAJASTHAN
Get PDFThe global community is in panic with fear of changing climate. Though it is very difficult to experience phenomenon of climate change but we can say that the climate is showing huge variability. To understand the impact of human on climate and vice-versa the knowledge of climate variability is necessary and moreover it helps in prediction of future trends of climate. In this paper spatio-temporal analysis of climate variation has been done by using interpolation technique. About 61 per cent of total area of India has dry climate and its typical example is western part of Rajasthan. In the Western Rajasthan during last 30 years the temperature has shown a great variability with an average rise of about 0.5 oC for the month of June and 1oC for the month of January. During the same period the average annual rainfall has shown a decrease of 50 mm. With an overall rise in temperature over the region and changing precipitation trends the humidity provinces as defined by Thornthwaite, have shifted eastward. The climate variability studies can help to identify vulnerability of a region towards climate change which further helps in formulation of mitigation and adaptation strategies
The air temperature regime in Bârlad
Get PDFRegimul temperaturii aerului la Bârlad. Analiza şirului de date din perioada 1941-2007, de la Staţia Meteorologică Bârlad, judeţul Vaslui, sugerează că regimul termic are un trend ascendent. Tendinţa de încălzire este mai evidentă dacă se compară valorile din ultimul deceniu cu întregul şir de date, obţinute timp de 66 de ani (1941-2007). Astfel, în ultimii zece ani, valoarea temperaturii medii anuale a aerului a depăşit valoarea medie multianuală în opt cazuri. Anul 2007 este un an cu totul deosebit întrucât media termică a fost mai mare cu aproape 2ºC faţă de media multianuală iar majoritatea lunilor au depăşit valorile obişnuite. În condiţiile unui caracter neregulat al precipitaţiilor acest regim termic favorizează instalarea prelungită a secetelor
Rainfall aggressiveness in the eastern part of Romania
Get PDFThis article addresses the problematic of rainfall aggressiveness, with a special regard on the eastern part of Romania. The purpose of this approach is comparative analysis of some frequently used indicators in scientific literature or in the special studies developed under the aegis of Institute of Pedological and Agrochemical Studies (ICPA) Bucharest. Based on data from Bârlad meteorological station, the rainfall erosivity has been calculated through Yarnell index, this one being used to obtain the torrentiality coefficient as a ratio between the average intensity of the analyzed rain and the average intensity calculated by previously mentioned index. Subsequently, we exploited the indicator suggested by Stănescu et al. (1969), as product between quantity of precipitation (in each rain) and the average intensity of the torrential core for 15 minutes (H∙i15). The results show the need to review the indicator 99 from The Methodology of Soil Studies Elaboration. In view of these considerations, the index suggested by Fournier (1960) and amended by Arnoldus (1980) has been calculated. This is a synthetic index more easily to be obtained, which has a high degree of relativity for case studies, but which may be used successfully for regional analyses or general synthesis. For such approach, we used climate data (1961-2006) from 15 meteorological stations placed in the eastern part of Romania. Beyond the level of generalization, the validity of results is proven by a significant correlation between Fournier index values and the monthly average erosion at plots under fallow and corn