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Understanding Neurodiversity to Alleviate Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in ESL Classroom: An Interview with Psychologist
Full text linkThis paper aims at investigating how understanding neuroscience helps to develop writing skills by knowing the students who are suffering with Attention Deficit hyperactivity disorder in ESL classroom to decrease the symptoms and to suggest strategies to support the learners with learning disabilities.The human brain plays crucial role in the language learning process. The brain has several parts with unique functions. Cerebrum is the largest part and has two lobes with same size to perform decoding information of the senses. Sigmund Exner (Australian Psychologist) identified the place of writing center in the brain which translates words perceived into the motor commands for hand writing. It reveals that Exner’s area in the brain is specific region in frontal lobe plays dominant role in the process of wring production which is complicated task connected with complex web of integrated networks like affective, recognition and strategic network. The primary purpose of networks is dealing with language learning. The data collected from ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) questionnaire says that all individuals are not same in learning and their brains are not same as opined by many of neuroscientists in various research findings. So, based on the differences of individual brain and learning styles; it is imminent to address this problem in ESL classroom. It is observed that each learner has unique learning style and distinctive networks of the individual brain in heterogeneous class; all the learners are not getting equal opportunity to improve reading and writing skills due to learning disabilities
Towards an Appraisal of Searle’s Pragmatic Theory
Full text linkSpeech act theory examines communication activities which involve transacting meaning via reference-making. Language means in terms of internal and external referents; in line with this perspective, Searle’s (1969) speech act theory is immersed in referential process. This study investigates the theory not just by evaluating its strengths, but also by examining its points of failure as far as speech act theorizing is concerned. The theoretical framework of this study is Modular Speech Act Theory. Concerning the strengths of Searle’s speech act theory, this study concludes that: the theory evolves functional illocutionary act categories; it captures the pragmatics of speakers’ intention; it acknowledges the institutional nature of speech acts; and it explains deep structure representations of speech acts. However, a major weakness of the theory is its inability to elucidate certain dimensions of language use owing to the non-compliant nature of illocutionary acts and speaker-meaning
Research on Tax Risk Control in the Biotech Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study of Company A
Full text linkAgainst the rapid development of the global biotech manufacturing industry, this study takes Company A, a benchmark biotech enterprise, as the research object to explore tax risk control paths for the industry. Based on 2023-2024 financial and tax data and industry early warning indicators, it adopts literature analysis, indicator comparison and case study methods to identify and analyze tax risks in VAT, corporate income tax and other major taxes of Company A. The research finds prominent risks such as abnormal tax burden fluctuations, non-standard cost accumulation and non-compliant related transactions in the enterprise. It further proposes targeted prevention measures from internal control improvement, core business tax standardization and policy accurate application. The results provide practical references for biotech manufacturing enterprises to strengthen tax risk management and achieve compliant operation, and enrich the industry’s tax risk control research system
The Application of Passive Voice in Legal English: A Case Study of the Labor Contract Law
Full text linkPassive voice stands as one of the most fundamental and distinctive characteristics of legal English, serving to enhance objectivity, formality, and impersonal authority. This paper, grounded in an analysis of the intrinsic differences between Chinese and English linguistic structures and legal discourse conventions, conducts a comparative examination of the deployment of passive voice across four authoritative English translations of China’s Labor Contract Law. Results reveal that different functions of passive voice, the subjectivity of translators taken into consideration, lead to the differences in the four translated versions
Applying the Assignment Institution in the Pharmaceutical Market: Legislative Lacunae or Unconstitutionality?
Full text linkRomanian Civil Code provides by Article 1566 that the assignment of debt is a way of forwarding a claim the transferor holds against a third party. Therefore, when signing by the parties of the debt assignment contract, the claim goes out of the assignor’s property and is validly entrusted to the transferee (assignee). In this paper, we try to show the effects of the contract which are in accordance with Article 1575 NCC respectively between the parties, from the date of signing of the contract and to the assigned debtor from the date of assignment notification or acceptance. In the pharmacy market, this institution is used to ensure that medicine suppliers secure the value of the products they sell, as they conclude debt assignment contracts with their debtors for passing their claims against Health Insurance Houses
Economic Security Impacts and Risk Prevention for China under the US-EU Trade Agreement
Full text linkIn August 2025, the United States and Europe concluded the Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced Trade Agreement (hereinafter referred to as the US-EU Agreement), which aims to advance transatlantic economic integration with a focus on national economic security. This agreement creates a more exclusive economic partnership between the two parties. Through mechanisms such as reciprocal tariffs and regulatory alignment, the agreement places significant pressure on China, including restrictions on export opportunities, higher corporate compliance costs, and increased technological barriers. These challenges could lead to deeper structural risks, such as the potential for industrial path dependency, forced adjustments to supply chains, and diminishing influence in global governance. In response, China needs to strengthen its support for scientific and technological innovation, enhance the resilience of its supply chains, diversify its market strategies, and deepen its commitment to rule-based international cooperation. By developing a robust framework for national economic security governance, China will be better positioned to address the challenges arising from the shifting global economic and trade landscape
Refined Risk Assessment of Geological Hazards in World Natural Heritage Sites: An Empirical Analysis of the Libo-Huanjiang Karst World Natural Heritage Site
Full text linkRefined risk assessment of geological hazards is vital for disaster prevention and loss reduction. World Natural Heritage Sites are Earth’s most precious natural assets, yet research on refined geological hazard risk assessment from the perspective of heritage conservation and management is scarce. Taking the Libo-Huanjiang Karst World Natural Heritage Site as the study area, this paper discusses an assessment method focusing on protecting its Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) and draws three conclusions: ① The risk pattern features local high concentration and overall low risk: extremely high-risk areas account for 2.32% (sporadic in the northwest), low-risk areas 68.29% (covering the core zone), and high/medium-risk areas concentrate in the west with developed faults and intense human activities. ② It clarifies the non-linear synergistic mechanism of susceptibility-hazard-vulnerability, with stratum lithology, distance to roads and water systems as core drivers, and low vulnerability acting as an ecological buffer. ③ It correlates risk patterns with heritage protection, verifying the overlap between high-risk areas and key karst landscapes, and defines key prevention zones. The results support risk management and heritage protection, providing a replicable reference for similar World Natural Heritage Sites globally
Grassland Animal Husbandry Ecological Efficiency in Karst Rocky Desertification Areas: Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Differential Drivers
Full text linkMaintaining and improving the health of grassland ecosystems is the key to promoting the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry. This study selected three representative karst regions exhibiting varying degrees of rock desertification. EE of grassland animal husbandry in these three areas was calculated using the Super-SBM model. The spatio-temporal variation characteristics were analyzed by kernel density estimation, and the influencing factors were explored by the geographical detector. We found that: (1) The spatial heterogeneity of EE in grassland livestock farming within rock desertification areas is pronounced, diminishing with increasing desertification severity: Areas with potential-light KDC show the highest average efficiency (1.01), while those with medium-severe KDC have the lowest (0.51). (2) Villages with relatively high or high EE are scattered across the three study areas. (3) In areas with potential-light and light-medium KDC, human factors have a clear impact on EE, while in medium-severe KDC affected areas, natural factors play a more significant role. The findings of this study serve as a reference for decision-making regarding the restoration and security of grassland ecosystems in ecologically vulnerable regions worldwide
Research on Self-induction Effect of Alternating Vortex Gravitational Field
Full text linkThis paper studies the self-induction effect of alternating vortex gravitational fields through experiments on dynamic vortical gravity fields aenerated during high-speed rail operation. This experiment is a further study of the physical properties of vortex gravity and vortex gravity field.During high-speed rail operation, there are three states: acceleration, deceleration, and uniform speed. The experiment proves that the alternating vortex gravitational field is produced in the process of the high-speed train accelerating and decelerating, and the alternating vortex gravitational field causes the experimental rod and the experimental car to move perpendicular to the running direction of the high-speed train.The motion shows that the experimental rod and the experimental car in the carriage are subjected to the force perpendicular to the direction of the high-speed train. This phenomenon can not be explained by the classical mechanics theory, so it is necessary to expand the relevant physical theory. This paper explains this phenomenon as the self-induction effect of the alternating vortex gravitational field, similar to the self-induction effect of the alternating electromagnetic field.Although the high-speed train running at constant speed produces vortex gravitational field, the vortex gravitational field is stable and does not produce vortex gravitational field self-induced effect, so the high-speed train running at constant speed does not produce the vertical motion of the test rod and the test car relative to the direction of the high-speed train.The essence of the self-induction effect of the alternating vortex gravitational field is that the relative motion between the object in the vortex gravitational field and the gravitational field is the cause of the self-induction effect, which then produces a force on the test rod and the test cart.Although alternating vortex gravitational fields and alternating electromagnetic fields differ in physical properties, they share symmetry and similarity in related physical characteristics: just as a current generates a magnetic field and its variation produces an alternating magnetic field, corresponding to a moving object generating a vortex gravitational field, and the change in an object's motion produces an alternating vortex gravitational field; similarly, when an object cuts through magnetic field lines, it generates an electromotive force, corresponding to an object cutting through gravitational lines producing a self-induction effect.This experiment not only proves the existence of vortex gravitational field of moving object, but also proves the existence of self-induction effect of moving object in alternating vortex gravitational field.Based on the symmetry of vortex gravitational field and electromagnetic field, Faraday's law, Ampere's law, Biot-Savart's law and Lorentz force are extended to the self-induction effect of vortex gravitational field. The theoretical mechanism of self-induction effect of alternating vortex gravitational field is constructed, and the mutual induction effect constant of vortex gravitational field is deduced
Institutional Control and Defensive Reconstruction: A Study on the Time Allocation of University Faculty under the "Up-or-Out" System
Full text linkAs a key measure of personnel reform, the faculty appointment system—particularly the "Up-or-Out" policy—has influenced the professional state and time-allocation logic of teachers. Based on New Institutional-ism and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, this paper examines the economic motivation of this institutional evolution and its micro-effects through interviews with six young faculty members from different universities. The study finds that as a contractual arrangement to solve the principal-agent problem, this system has improved the efficiency of scientific output in the short term through screening mechanisms. However, in localized practice, it has generated alienation due to strong administrative logic. Through mechanisms such as temporal discipline and market logic, the system turns teachers' time from autonomous resources into passive tools," forcing them to form a defensive strategy. This presents a structural imbalance emphasizing research over teaching and short-term gains over long-term goals. Under management characterized by high demands and low resources, teachers face the deprivation of time sovereignty, falling into time poverty and professional burnout. The article proposes a shift from unidirectional screening to bidirectional empowerment. This involves optimizing long-cycle assessment to match the scientific laws, establishing a diversified system to respect individual differences, and improving systemic resource supply to break the high demand and low resource gap, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the academic ecosystem